详解Android系统中跨应用数据分享功能的实现

2019-12-12 06:41:50

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一个Andoird应用程序的重要的地方是他们有相互沟通和整合的能力，一个应用程序可以和另一个应用程序交互，接下来我们来看看Android应用之间的内容分享
当你构建Intent的时候，必须要指定Intent的Action触发，定义Intent的Action例如ACTION_SEND，你大概可以猜到指定Action为ACTION_SEND的Intent的作用是从一个Activity发送数据到另一个Activity，甚至跨越不同的进程，将数据发送给另一个Activity，你需要指定数据和他的类型，系统将识别接收的Activity，并显示他们给用户（假如有多个选择的时候）或者立即启动Activity（只要一个选择的时候）
1.发送文本内容：

最直接最常用的是用ACTION_SEND来从一个应用发送文本内容到另一个应用，例如，我们的内置浏览器可以与任何页面当前的URL来共享文字，下面的例子就是共享文本内容

Intent sendIntent = new Intent(); sendIntent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_SEND); //这里是你发送的文本 sendIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, "我用手机测试分享内容"); sendIntent.setType("text/plain"); startActivity(sendIntent);

假如你安装了过滤Action为ACTION_SEND，MIMEtype为“text/plain”的应用程序，这个系统就会启动，假如系统匹配到多个这样子的应用程序，他就会弹出一个Dialog列出所有的应用供用户选择（一个选择器），如下图

201641152740097.png (290×550)

可能你觉得上面的代码很简单，我很容易就能写出来，可是你发现了没有，当我们的手机里面没有地图类型的应用程序，你执行startActivity方法，你的程序就会出现Crash（崩溃），所以我们需要先判断下系统是否有这类型的应用程序，判断也很简单

public boolean hasApplication(Intent intent){   PackageManager packageManager = getPackageManager();   //查询是否有该Intent的Activity   List<ResolveInfo> activities = packageManager.queryIntentActivities(intent, 0);   //activities里面不为空就有，否则就没有   return activities.size() > 0 ? true : false;

所以我们在startActivity的时候要做上面的判断，这样子我们开发出来的程序才会更加的健壮，少一些Crash用户体验也会更好，假如每次都要判断你师傅会觉得烦？所以我们也可以使用Intent的Intent.createChooser方法
他有如下优点
1.1 即使用户选择了默认的方式，选择器仍然会弹出来
1.2 如果没有匹配到这样的应用程序，系统就会提示消息
1.3 你可以指定选择器Dialog的标题

Intent sendIntent = new Intent(); sendIntent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_SEND); sendIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, "我用手机测试分享内容"); sendIntent.setType("text/plain"); startActivity(Intent.createChooser(sendIntent, "我是弹出框的标题"));

注：某些邮件类应用程序，如Gmail,我们可以使用putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_EMAIL, String[]) 添加一个字符串数组到Intent中

2.发送二进制内容

二进制内容的共享使用Action为ACTION_SEND，在设置适当的MIME类型，并且添加putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, URI),下面是一个常用的共享图片的代码，也可以共享任何类型的二进制内容

Intent shareIntent = new Intent(); shareIntent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_SEND); shareIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, uriToImage); shareIntent.setType("image/jpeg"); startActivity(Intent.createChooser(shareIntent, getResources().getText(R.string.send_to)));

主要下面几点：

你可以使用MIME type为“ */*” ,他只会匹配处理一般数据流的Activity
接收应用程序需要Uri指定数据的访问权限
在SD卡的文件，我们使用File file = new File(filePath); Uri.fromFile(file),然后把他传递给Intent
在应用程序的目录中，openFileOutput的模式为MODE_WORLD_READABLE，然后我们可以使用getFileStreamPath（）返回一个File，然后利用Uri.fromFile(file)传递给Intent
可以扫描图像，视频和音频等媒体文件，添加到系统MediaStore使用SCANFILE()来扫描文件，扫描完成后会调用 onScanCompleted()回调方法来返回一个Uri
图片使用insertImage()方法插入到系统MediaStore也会返回一个图片的Uri

下面是共享图片的例子：

Intent shareIntent = new Intent(); shareIntent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_SEND); File file = new File("mnt/sdcard/share.png");     System.out.println(Uri.fromFile(file)); shareIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, Uri.fromFile(file)); shareIntent.setType("image/jpeg"); startActivity(Intent.createChooser(shareIntent, "共享图片"));

选择QQ空间后，图片就显示在那里了，如下图

201641152853269.png (290×550)

我们要共享多个二进制内容利用Action为ACTION_SEND_MULTIPLE,下面是我们共享多张图片

ArrayList<Uri> imageUris = new ArrayList<Uri>(); imageUris.add(imageUri1); // Add your image URIs here imageUris.add(imageUri2);  Intent shareIntent = new Intent(); shareIntent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_SEND_MULTIPLE); shareIntent.putParcelableArrayListExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, imageUris); shareIntent.setType("image/*"); startActivity(Intent.createChooser(shareIntent, "Share images to.."));

下面我列出几个常用的MIME type类型

text/plain（纯文本）
text/html（HTML文档）
application/xhtml+xml（XHTML文档）
image/gif（GIF图像）
image/jpeg（JPEG图像）【PHP中为：image/pjpeg】
image/png（PNG图像）【PHP中为：image/x-png】
video/mpeg（MPEG动画）
application/octet-stream（任意的二进制数据）
application/pdf（PDF文档）
application/msword（Microsoft Word文件）
message/rfc822（RFC 822形式）
multipart/alternative（HTML邮件的HTML形式和纯文本形式，相同内容使用不同形式表示）
application/x-www-form-urlencoded（使用HTTP的POST方法提交的表单）
multipart/form-data（同上，但主要用于表单提交时伴随文件上传的场合）

Android所有支持的MIME type

sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/andrew-inset", "ez");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/dsptype", "tsp");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/futuresplash", "spl");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/hta", "hta");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/mac-binhex40", "hqx");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/mac-compactpro", "cpt");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/mathematica", "nb");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/msaccess", "mdb");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/oda", "oda");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/ogg", "ogg");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/pdf", "pdf");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/pgp-keys", "key");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/pgp-signature", "pgp");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/pics-rules", "prf");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/rar", "rar");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/rdf+xml", "rdf");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/rss+xml", "rss");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/zip", "zip");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.android.package-archive",      "apk");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.cinderella", "cdy");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.ms-pki.stl", "stl");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(      "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.database", "odb");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(      "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.formula", "odf");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(      "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.graphics", "odg");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(      "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.graphics-template",      "otg");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(      "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.image", "odi");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(      "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.spreadsheet", "ods");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(      "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.spreadsheet-template",      "ots");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(      "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text", "odt");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(      "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text-master", "odm");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(      "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text-template", "ott");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(      "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text-web", "oth");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/msword", "doc");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/msword", "dot");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(      "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document",      "docx");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(      "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.template",      "dotx");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.ms-excel", "xls");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.ms-excel", "xlt");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(      "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet",      "xlsx");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(      "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.template",      "xltx");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.ms-powerpoint", "ppt");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.ms-powerpoint", "pot");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.ms-powerpoint", "pps");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(      "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.presentation",      "pptx");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(      "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.template",      "potx");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(      "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.slideshow",      "ppsx");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.rim.cod", "cod");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.smaf", "mmf");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.stardivision.calc", "sdc");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.stardivision.draw", "sda");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(      "application/vnd.stardivision.impress", "sdd");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(      "application/vnd.stardivision.impress", "sdp");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.stardivision.math", "smf");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.stardivision.writer",      "sdw");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.stardivision.writer",      "vor");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(      "application/vnd.stardivision.writer-global", "sgl");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.sun.xml.calc", "sxc");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(      "application/vnd.sun.xml.calc.template", "stc");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.sun.xml.draw", "sxd");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(      "application/vnd.sun.xml.draw.template", "std");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.sun.xml.impress", "sxi");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(      "application/vnd.sun.xml.impress.template", "sti");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.sun.xml.math", "sxm");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.sun.xml.writer", "sxw");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(      "application/vnd.sun.xml.writer.global", "sxg");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(      "application/vnd.sun.xml.writer.template", "stw");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.visio", "vsd");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-abiword", "abw");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-apple-diskimage", "dmg");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-bcpio", "bcpio");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-bittorrent", "torrent");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-cdf", "cdf");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-cdlink", "vcd");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-chess-pgn", "pgn");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-cpio", "cpio");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-debian-package", "deb");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-debian-package", "udeb");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-director", "dcr");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-director", "dir");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-director", "dxr");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-dms", "dms");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-doom", "wad");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-dvi", "dvi");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-flac", "flac");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-font", "pfa");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-font", "pfb");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-font", "gsf");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-font", "pcf");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-font", "pcf.Z");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-freemind", "mm");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-futuresplash", "spl");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-gnumeric", "gnumeric");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-go-sgf", "sgf");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-graphing-calculator", "gcf");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-gtar", "gtar");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-gtar", "tgz");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-gtar", "taz");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-hdf", "hdf");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-ica", "ica");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-internet-signup", "ins");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-internet-signup", "isp");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-iphone", "iii");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-iso9660-image", "iso");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-jmol", "jmz");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-kchart", "chrt");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-killustrator", "kil");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-koan", "skp");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-koan", "skd");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-koan", "skt");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-koan", "skm");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-kpresenter", "kpr");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-kpresenter", "kpt");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-kspread", "ksp");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-kword", "kwd");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-kword", "kwt");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-latex", "latex");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-lha", "lha");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-lzh", "lzh");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-lzx", "lzx");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-maker", "frm");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-maker", "maker");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-maker", "frame");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-maker", "fb");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-maker", "book");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-maker", "fbdoc");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-mif", "mif");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-ms-wmd", "wmd");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-ms-wmz", "wmz");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-msi", "msi");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-ns-proxy-autoconfig", "pac");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-nwc", "nwc");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-object", "o");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-oz-application", "oza");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-pkcs12", "p12");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-pkcs7-certreqresp", "p7r");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-pkcs7-crl", "crl");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-quicktimeplayer", "qtl");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-shar", "shar");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-shockwave-flash", "swf");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-stuffit", "sit");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-sv4cpio", "sv4cpio");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-sv4crc", "sv4crc");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-tar", "tar");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-texinfo", "texinfo");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-texinfo", "texi");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-troff", "t");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-troff", "roff");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-troff-man", "man");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-ustar", "ustar");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-wais-source", "src");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-wingz", "wz");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-webarchive", "webarchive");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-x509-ca-cert", "crt");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-x509-user-cert", "crt");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-xcf", "xcf");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-xfig", "fig");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/xhtml+xml", "xhtml");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/3gpp", "3gpp");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/basic", "snd");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/midi", "mid");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/midi", "midi");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/midi", "kar");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/mpeg", "mpga");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/mpeg", "mpega");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/mpeg", "mp2");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/mpeg", "mp3");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/mpeg", "m4a");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/mpegurl", "m3u");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/prs.sid", "sid");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/x-aiff", "aif");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/x-aiff", "aiff");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/x-aiff", "aifc");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/x-gsm", "gsm");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/x-mpegurl", "m3u");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/x-ms-wma", "wma");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/x-ms-wax", "wax");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/x-pn-realaudio", "ra");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/x-pn-realaudio", "rm");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/x-pn-realaudio", "ram");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/x-realaudio", "ra");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/x-scpls", "pls");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/x-sd2", "sd2");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/x-wav", "wav");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/bmp", "bmp");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/gif", "gif");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/ico", "cur");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/ico", "ico");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/ief", "ief");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/jpeg", "jpeg");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/jpeg", "jpg");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/jpeg", "jpe");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/pcx", "pcx");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/png", "png");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/svg+xml", "svg");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/svg+xml", "svgz");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/tiff", "tiff");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/tiff", "tif");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/vnd.djvu", "djvu");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/vnd.djvu", "djv");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/vnd.wap.wbmp", "wbmp");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-cmu-raster", "ras");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-coreldraw", "cdr");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-coreldrawpattern", "pat");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-coreldrawtemplate", "cdt");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-corelphotopaint", "cpt");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-icon", "ico");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-jg", "art");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-jng", "jng");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-ms-bmp", "bmp");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-photoshop", "psd");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-portable-anymap", "pnm");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-portable-bitmap", "pbm");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-portable-graymap", "pgm");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-portable-pixmap", "ppm");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-rgb", "rgb");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-xbitmap", "xbm");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-xpixmap", "xpm");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-xwindowdump", "xwd");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("model/iges", "igs");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("model/iges", "iges");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("model/mesh", "msh");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("model/mesh", "mesh");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("model/mesh", "silo");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/calendar", "ics");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/calendar", "icz");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/comma-separated-values", "csv");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/css", "css");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/html", "htm");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/html", "html");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/h323", "323");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/iuls", "uls");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/mathml", "mml");    // add it first so it will be the default for ExtensionFromMimeType    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/plain", "txt");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/plain", "asc");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/plain", "text");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/plain", "diff");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/plain", "po");  // reserve "pot" for vnd.ms-powerpoint    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/richtext", "rtx");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/rtf", "rtf");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/texmacs", "ts");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/text", "phps");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/tab-separated-values", "tsv");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/xml", "xml");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-bibtex", "bib");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-boo", "boo");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-c++hdr", "h++");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-c++hdr", "hpp");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-c++hdr", "hxx");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-c++hdr", "hh");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-c++src", "c++");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-c++src", "cpp");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-c++src", "cxx");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-chdr", "h");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-component", "htc");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-csh", "csh");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-csrc", "c");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-dsrc", "d");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-haskell", "hs");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-java", "java");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-literate-haskell", "lhs");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-moc", "moc");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-pascal", "p");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-pascal", "pas");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-pcs-gcd", "gcd");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-setext", "etx");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-tcl", "tcl");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-tex", "tex");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-tex", "ltx");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-tex", "sty");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-tex", "cls");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-vcalendar", "vcs");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-vcard", "vcf");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/3gpp", "3gpp");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/3gpp", "3gp");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/3gpp", "3g2");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/dl", "dl");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/dv", "dif");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/dv", "dv");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/fli", "fli");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/m4v", "m4v");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/mpeg", "mpeg");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/mpeg", "mpg");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/mpeg", "mpe");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/mp4", "mp4");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/mpeg", "VOB");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/quicktime", "qt");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/quicktime", "mov");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/vnd.mpegurl", "mxu");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/x-la-asf", "lsf");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/x-la-asf", "lsx");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/x-mng", "mng");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/x-ms-asf", "asf");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/x-ms-asf", "asx");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/x-ms-wm", "wm");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/x-ms-wmv", "wmv");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/x-ms-wmx", "wmx");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/x-ms-wvx", "wvx");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/x-msvideo", "avi");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/x-sgi-movie", "movie");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("x-conference/x-cooltalk", "ice");    sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("x-epoc/x-sisx-app", "sisx");

3.接收图片
下面要分享的是从其他的应用程序接收内容，比如你开发了一个社交网络的应用，你其中的某个Activity可以接受人们从其他的应用分享的东西，例如分享文字或者从图库分享图片等等，接下来我们利用一个例子来讲解从其他的应用接受内容
我们新建一个Android工程，名字为SharedContext，修改Manifest文件
我们需要在Manifest文件中定义这个Activity能接收什么样的Intent，我们需要创建Intent过滤器，使用 <intent-filter> 元素来过滤我们能接收的Intent，下面我们举个简单的例子，相信大家知道举一反三，下面的例子我们的应用程序可以处理文本,文本文件，单一的图片和多张图片,我们定义Manifest文件如下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"  package="com.example.sharedcontext"  android:versionCode="1"  android:versionName="1.0" >   <uses-sdk   android:minSdkVersion="8"   android:targetSdkVersion="16" />  <application   android:allowBackup="true"   android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"   android:label="@string/app_name"   android:theme="@style/AppTheme" >   <activity    android:name="com.example.sharedcontext.MainActivity"    android:label="@string/app_name" >        <!-- 应用程序的启动 Intent，我们例子只有一个Activity-->    <intent-filter>     <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />     <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />    </intent-filter>     <!-- 处理文字的Intent 我们需要定义action, category, 和文字对应的MIME -->    <intent-filter>     <action android:name="android.intent.action.SEND" />     <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />     <data android:mimeType="text/*" />    </intent-filter>     <!-- 处理单张图片的Intent -->    <intent-filter>     <action android:name="android.intent.action.SEND" />     <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />     <data android:mimeType="image/*" />    </intent-filter>     <!-- 处理多张图片的Intent -->    <intent-filter>     <action android:name="android.intent.action.SEND_MULTIPLE" />     <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />     <data android:mimeType="image/*" />    </intent-filter>   </activity>  </application </manifest>

当一个应用程序构建上面那样子的Intent，并吧它传递给StartActivity（），我们的应用程序就会被列在Intent选择器中，当用户选择该应用程序就进入相对应的Activity（上面的例子是MainActivity）,我们只需要在MainActivity处理这样内容并用相对应的UI显示， MainActivity如下

package com.example.sharedcontext;  import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStream; import java.util.ArrayList;  import android.app.Activity; import android.content.Context; import android.content.Intent; import android.net.Uri; import android.os.Bundle; import android.view.View; import android.view.ViewGroup; import android.widget.AdapterView; import android.widget.AdapterView.OnItemClickListener; import android.widget.BaseAdapter; import android.widget.GridView; import android.widget.ImageView; import android.widget.TextView;  public class MainActivity extends Activity {   @Override  protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {   super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);   Intent intent = getIntent();   //获得Intent的Action   String action = intent.getAction();   //获得Intent的MIME type   String type = intent.getType();         if(Intent.ACTION_SEND.equals(action) && type != null){    //我们这里处理所有的文本类型    if(type.startsWith("text/")){     //处理获取到的文本，这里我们用TextView显示     handleSendText(intent);    }    //图片的MIME type有 image/png , image/jepg, image/gif 等，    else if(type.startsWith("image/")){     //处理获取到图片，我们用ImageView显示     handleSendImage(intent);    }   }   else if(Intent.ACTION_SEND_MULTIPLE.equals(action) && type != null){     if (type.startsWith("image/")) {      //处理多张图片，我们用一个GridView来显示      handleSendMultipleImages(intent);     }   }  }    /**   * 用TextView显示文本   * 可以打开一般的文本文件   * @param intent   */  private void handleSendText(Intent intent){    TextView textView = new TextView(this);       //一般的文本处理，我们直接显示字符串    String sharedText = intent.getStringExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT);    if(sharedText != null){     textView.setText(sharedText);    }          //文本文件处理，从Uri中获取输入流，然后将输入流转换成字符串    Uri textUri = (Uri) intent.getParcelableExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM);    if(textUri != null){     try {      InputStream inputStream = this.getContentResolver().openInputStream(textUri);      textView.setText(inputStream2Byte(inputStream));    } catch (Exception e) {     e.printStackTrace();    }    }       //设置给Activity    setContentView(textView);  }      /**   * 将输入流转换成字符串   * @param inputStream   * @return   * @throws IOException   */  private String inputStream2Byte(InputStream inputStream) throws IOException{   ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();      byte [] buffer = new byte[1024];   int len = -1;      while((len = inputStream.read(buffer)) != -1){    bos.write(buffer, 0, len);   }      bos.close();      //指定编码格式为UIT-8   return new String(bos.toByteArray(), "UTF-8");  }      /**   * 用ImageView显示单张图片   * @param intent   */  private void handleSendImage(Intent intent) {   Uri imageUri = (Uri) intent.getParcelableExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM);   if (imageUri != null) {    ImageView imageView = new ImageView(this);    imageView.setImageURI(imageUri);    setContentView(imageView);   }  }      /**   * 用GridView显示多张图片   * @param intent   */  private void handleSendMultipleImages(Intent intent) {   final ArrayList<Uri> imageUris = intent.getParcelableArrayListExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM);   if (imageUris != null) {    GridView gridView = new GridView(this);    //设置item的宽度    gridView.setColumnWidth(130);    //设置列为自动适应    gridView.setNumColumns(GridView.AUTO_FIT);    gridView.setAdapter(new GridAdapter(this, imageUris));    setContentView(gridView);        gridView.setOnItemClickListener(new OnItemClickListener() {      @Override     public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view,       final int position, long id) {            //点击GridView的item 可以分享图片给其他应用      //这里可以参考http://blog.csdn.net/xiaanming/article/details/9395991      Intent intent = new Intent();      intent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_SEND);      intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, imageUris.get(position));      intent.setType("image/*");      startActivity(Intent.createChooser(intent, "共享图片"));     }    });       }  }    /**   * 重写BaseAdapter   * @author xiaanming   *   */  public class GridAdapter extends BaseAdapter{   private Context mContext;   private ArrayList<Uri> list;      public GridAdapter(Context mContext, ArrayList<Uri> list){    this.list = list;    this.mContext = mContext;   }    @Override   public int getCount() {    return list.size();   }    @Override   public Object getItem(int position) {    return list.get(position);   }    @Override   public long getItemId(int position) {    return position;   }    @Override   public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {    ImageView imageView;    if(convertView == null){     imageView = new ImageView(mContext);     imageView.setPadding(8, 8, 8, 8);    }else{     imageView = (ImageView) convertView;    }    imageView.setImageURI(list.get(position));    return imageView;   }  } }

运行程序之后，然后我们选择系统图库，选择多张图片（如图一）进行分享，我们自己的应用程序分享多张界面（如图二）点击我们应用程序的item，选择分享单张图片（如图三）我们继续选择我们自己的应用程序来显示（如图四），新建一个备忘录保存，长按备忘录进行分享（如图五），分享文本文件的显示界面（如图六）

201641153824119.jpg (287×547) 201641153720854.png (290×550) 201641153847099.jpg (289×550) 201641153905393.png (290×550) 201641153927910.png (290×550) 201641153949258.png (290×550)