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Android编程实现AIDL(跨进程通信)的方法详解

2019-12-12 06:08:34
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本文实例讲述了Android编程实现AIDL(跨进程通信)的方法。分享给大家供大家参考,具体如下:

一. 概述:

跨进程通信(AIDL),主要实现进程(应用)间数据共享功能。

二. 实现流程:

1. 服务器端实现:

(1)目录结构,如下图:

(2)实现*.aidl文件:

A. IAIDLService.aidl实现:

package com.focus.aidl;import com.focus.aidl.Person;interface IAIDLService {  String getName();  Person getPerson();}

B. Person.aidl实现:

parcelable Person;

(3)进程间传递对象必需实现Parcelable或Serializable接口,下面是被传递的Person对象实现:

package com.focus.aidl;import android.os.Parcel;import android.os.Parcelable;public class Person implements Parcelable {  private String name;  private int age;  public Person() {  }  public Person(Parcel source) {    name = source.readString();    age = source.readInt();  }  public String getName() {    return name;  }  public void setName(String name) {    this.name = name;  }  public int getAge() {    return age;  }  public void setAge(int age) {    this.age = age;  }  public int describeContents() {    return 0;  }  public void writeToParcel(Parcel dest, int flags) {    dest.writeString(name);    dest.writeInt(age);  }  public static final Parcelable.Creator<Person> CREATOR = new Creator<Person>() {    public Person[] newArray(int size) {      return new Person[size];    }    public Person createFromParcel(Parcel source) {      return new Person(source);    }  };}

(4)实现IAIDLService.aidl文件中定义的接口,并定义Service,在Service被bind时返回此实现类:

package com.focus.aidl;import com.focus.aidl.IAIDLService.Stub;import android.app.Service;import android.content.Intent;import android.os.IBinder;import android.os.RemoteException;public class AIDLServiceImpl extends Service {  @Override  public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {    return mBinder;  }  /**   * 在AIDL文件中定义的接口实现。   */  private IAIDLService.Stub mBinder = new Stub() {    public String getName() throws RemoteException {      return "mayingcai";    }    public Person getPerson() throws RemoteException {      Person mPerson = new Person();      mPerson.setName("mayingcai");      mPerson.setAge(24);      return mPerson;    }  };}

(5)在AndroidManifest.xml文件中注册Service:

<service android:name = ".AIDLServiceImpl" android:process = ":remote">  <intent-filter>    <action android:name = "com.focus.aidl.IAIDLService" />  </intent-filter></service>

2. 客户端实现:

(1)目录结构,如下图:

(2)将服务器端的IAIDLService.aidl,Person.aidl和Person.Java文件拷贝到本工程中,如上图所示:

(3)res/layout/main.xml实现:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><LinearLayout xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"  android:orientation = "vertical"  android:layout_width = "fill_parent"  android:layout_height = "fill_parent"  >  <TextView    android:id = "@+id/name"    android:layout_width = "wrap_content"    android:layout_height = "wrap_content"    />  <Button    android:id = "@+id/connection"    android:layout_width = "wrap_content"    android:layout_height = "wrap_content"    android:text = "连接"    />  <Button    android:id = "@+id/message"    android:layout_width = "wrap_content"    android:layout_height = "wrap_content"    android:enabled = "false"    android:text = "信息"    />  <Button    android:id = "@+id/person"    android:layout_width = "wrap_content"    android:layout_height = "wrap_content"    android:enabled = "false"    android:text = "人"    /></LinearLayout>

(4)主Activity实现,从服务器端获取数据在客户端显示:

package com.focus.aidl.client;import android.app.Activity;import android.content.ComponentName;import android.content.Intent;import android.content.ServiceConnection;import android.os.Bundle;import android.os.IBinder;import android.os.RemoteException;import android.view.View;import android.view.View.OnClickListener;import android.widget.Button;import android.widget.TextView;import com.focus.aidl.IAIDLService;import com.focus.aidl.Person;public class AIDLClientAcitivty extends Activity {  private IAIDLService mAIDLService;  private TextView mName;  private Button mMessage;  private Button mPerson;  /**   * 第一步,创建ServiceConnection对象,在onServiceConnected()方法中获取IAIDLService实现。   */  private ServiceConnection mServiceConnection = new ServiceConnection() {    public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {      mAIDLService = IAIDLService.Stub.asInterface(service);      mMessage.setEnabled(true);      mPerson.setEnabled(true);    }    public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {      mAIDLService = null;      mMessage.setEnabled(false);      mPerson.setEnabled(false);    }  };  @Override  public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);    setContentView(R.layout.main);    mName = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.name);    findViewById(R.id.connection).setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {      public void onClick(View view) {        /**         * 第二步,单击"连接"按钮后用mServiceConnection去bind服务器端创建的Service。         */        Intent service = new Intent("com.focus.aidl.IAIDLService");        bindService(service, mServiceConnection, BIND_AUTO_CREATE);      }    });    mMessage = (Button) findViewById(R.id.message);    mMessage.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {      public void onClick(View view) {        /**         * 第三步,从服务器端获取字符串。         */        try {          mName.setText(mAIDLService.getName());        } catch (RemoteException e) {          e.printStackTrace();        }      }    });    mPerson = (Button) findViewById(R.id.person);    mPerson.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {      public void onClick(View view) {        /**         * 第四步,从服务器端获取Person对象。         */        try {          Person mPerson = mAIDLService.getPerson();          mName.setText("姓名:" + mPerson.getName() + ", 年龄:" + mPerson.getAge());        } catch (RemoteException e) {          e.printStackTrace();        }      }    });  }}

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