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Android PopupWindow用法解析

2019-12-12 06:00:28
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PopupWindow使用

PopupWindow这个类用来实现一个弹出框,可以使用任意布局的View作为其内容,这个弹出框是悬浮在当前activity之上的。

PopupWindow使用Demo

这个类的使用,不再过多解释,直接上代码吧。
比如弹出框的布局: 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:background="#FFBBFFBB" android:orientation="vertical" > <TextView  android:layout_width="match_parent"  android:layout_height="wrap_content"  android:padding="10dp"  android:text="Hello My Window"  android:textSize="20sp" /> <Button  android:id="@+id/button1"  android:layout_width="match_parent"  android:layout_height="wrap_content"  android:padding="10dp"  android:text="Button"  android:textSize="20sp" /></LinearLayout>

Activity的布局中只有一个按钮,按下后会弹出框,Activity代码如下: 

package com.example.hellopopupwindow;import android.os.Bundle;import android.app.Activity;import android.content.Context;import android.util.Log;import android.view.LayoutInflater;import android.view.MotionEvent;import android.view.View;import android.view.View.OnClickListener;import android.view.View.OnTouchListener;import android.view.ViewGroup.LayoutParams;import android.widget.Button;import android.widget.PopupWindow;import android.widget.Toast;public class MainActivity extends Activity { private Context mContext = null; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {  super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);  setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);  mContext = this;  Button button = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button);  button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {   @Override   public void onClick(View view) {    showPopupWindow(view);   }  }); } private void showPopupWindow(View view) {  // 一个自定义的布局,作为显示的内容  View contentView = LayoutInflater.from(mContext).inflate(    R.layout.pop_window, null);  // 设置按钮的点击事件  Button button = (Button) contentView.findViewById(R.id.button1);  button.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {   @Override   public void onClick(View v) {    Toast.makeText(mContext, "button is pressed",      Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();   }  });  final PopupWindow popupWindow = new PopupWindow(contentView,    LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT, LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT, true);  popupWindow.setTouchable(true);  popupWindow.setTouchInterceptor(new OnTouchListener() {   @Override   public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {    Log.i("mengdd", "onTouch : ");    return false;    // 这里如果返回true的话,touch事件将被拦截    // 拦截后 PopupWindow的onTouchEvent不被调用,这样点击外部区域无法dismiss   }  });  // 如果不设置PopupWindow的背景,无论是点击外部区域还是Back键都无法dismiss弹框  // 我觉得这里是API的一个bug  popupWindow.setBackgroundDrawable(getResources().getDrawable(    R.drawable.selectmenu_bg_downward));  // 设置好参数之后再show  popupWindow.showAsDropDown(view); }}

弹出框的布局中有一个TextView和一个Button,Button点击后显示Toast,如图: 

第一次实现的时候遇到了问题,就是弹出框不会在按下Back键的时候消失,点击弹框外区域也没有正常消失,搜索了一下,都说只要设置背景就好了。
然后我就找了个图片,果然弹框能正常dismiss了(见注释)。

PopupWindow源码分析

为了解答一下上面的问题,看看源码(最新API Level 19,Android 4.4.2)。

1.显示方法

显示提供了两种形式:

showAtLocation()显示在指定位置,有两个方法重载:

public void showAtLocation(View parent, int gravity, int x, int y)public void showAtLocation(IBinder token, int gravity, int x, int y) 

showAsDropDown()显示在一个参照物View的周围,有三个方法重载:

public void showAsDropDown(View anchor)public void showAsDropDown(View anchor, int xoff, int yoff)public void showAsDropDown(View anchor, int xoff, int yoff, int gravity) 

最后一种带Gravity参数的方法是API 19新引入的。
弹出的方法中首先需要preparePopup() ,最后再invokePopup()
prepare的方法中可以看到有无背景的分别: 

 /**  * <p>Prepare the popup by embedding in into a new ViewGroup if the  * background drawable is not null. If embedding is required, the layout  * parameters' height is mnodified to take into account the background's  * padding.</p>  *  * @param p the layout parameters of the popup's content view  */ private void preparePopup(WindowManager.LayoutParams p) {  if (mContentView == null || mContext == null || mWindowManager == null) {   throw new IllegalStateException("You must specify a valid content view by "     + "calling setContentView() before attempting to show the popup.");  }  if (mBackground != null) {   final ViewGroup.LayoutParams layoutParams = mContentView.getLayoutParams();   int height = ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT;   if (layoutParams != null &&     layoutParams.height == ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT) {    height = ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT;   }   // when a background is available, we embed the content view   // within another view that owns the background drawable   PopupViewContainer popupViewContainer = new PopupViewContainer(mContext);   PopupViewContainer.LayoutParams listParams = new PopupViewContainer.LayoutParams(     ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT, height   );   popupViewContainer.setBackgroundDrawable(mBackground);   popupViewContainer.addView(mContentView, listParams);   mPopupView = popupViewContainer;  } else {   mPopupView = mContentView;  }  mPopupViewInitialLayoutDirectionInherited =    (mPopupView.getRawLayoutDirection() == View.LAYOUT_DIRECTION_INHERIT);  mPopupWidth = p.width;  mPopupHeight = p.height; }

2.背景是否为空对Touch事件的影响
如果有背景,则会在contentView外面包一层PopupViewContainer之后作为mPopupView,如果没有背景,则直接用contentView作为mPopupView。
而这个PopupViewContainer是一个内部私有类,它继承了FrameLayout,在其中重写了Key和Touch事件的分发处理: 

 @Override  public boolean dispatchKeyEvent(KeyEvent event) {   if (event.getKeyCode() == KeyEvent.KEYCODE_BACK) {    if (getKeyDispatcherState() == null) {     return super.dispatchKeyEvent(event);    }    if (event.getAction() == KeyEvent.ACTION_DOWN      && event.getRepeatCount() == 0) {     KeyEvent.DispatcherState state = getKeyDispatcherState();     if (state != null) {      state.startTracking(event, this);     }     return true;    } else if (event.getAction() == KeyEvent.ACTION_UP) {     KeyEvent.DispatcherState state = getKeyDispatcherState();     if (state != null && state.isTracking(event) && !event.isCanceled()) {      dismiss();      return true;     }    }    return super.dispatchKeyEvent(event);   } else {    return super.dispatchKeyEvent(event);   }  }  @Override  public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {   if (mTouchInterceptor != null && mTouchInterceptor.onTouch(this, ev)) {    return true;   }   return super.dispatchTouchEvent(ev);  }  @Override  public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {   final int x = (int) event.getX();   final int y = (int) event.getY();      if ((event.getAction() == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN)     && ((x < 0) || (x >= getWidth()) || (y < 0) || (y >= getHeight()))) {    dismiss();    return true;   } else if (event.getAction() == MotionEvent.ACTION_OUTSIDE) {    dismiss();    return true;   } else {    return super.onTouchEvent(event);   }  }

由于PopupView本身并没有重写Key和Touch事件的处理,所以如果没有包这个外层容器类,点击Back键或者外部区域是不会导致弹框消失的。

补充Case: 弹窗不消失,但是事件向下传递
如上所述:
设置了PopupWindow的background,点击Back键或者点击弹窗的外部区域,弹窗就会dismiss.
相反,如果不设置PopupWindow的background,那么点击back键和点击弹窗的外部区域,弹窗是不会消失的.
那么,如果我想要一个效果,点击外部区域,弹窗不消失,但是点击事件会向下面的activity传递,比如下面是一个WebView,我想点击里面的链接等.

研究了半天,说是要给Window设置一个Flag,WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_NOT_TOUCH_MODAL
看了源码,这个Flag的设置与否是由一个叫mNotTouchModal的字段控制,但是设置该字段的set方法被标记为@hide。
所以要通过反射的方法调用: 

   /**  * Set whether this window is touch modal or if outside touches will be sent  * to  * other windows behind it.  *  */ public static void setPopupWindowTouchModal(PopupWindow popupWindow,   boolean touchModal) {  if (null == popupWindow) {   return;  }  Method method;  try {   method = PopupWindow.class.getDeclaredMethod("setTouchModal",     boolean.class);   method.setAccessible(true);   method.invoke(popupWindow, touchModal);  }  catch (Exception e) {   e.printStackTrace();  } }

然后在程序中:
UIUtils.setPopupWindowTouchModal(popupWindow, false);

该popupWindow外部的事件就可以传递给下面的Activity了。

以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持武林网。

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