Android shape和selector 结合使用实例代码

2019-12-12 05:57:44

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shape和selector是Android UI设计中经常用到的，比如我们要自定义一个圆角Button，点击Button有些效果的变化，就要用到shape和selector。可以这样说，shape和selector在美化控件中的作用是至关重要的。

1.Shape

简介

作用：XML中定义的几何形状

位置：res/drawable/文件的名称.xml

使用的方法：

Java代码中：R.drawable.文件的名称

XML中：android:background="@drawable/文件的名称"

属性：

<shape> android:shape=["rectangle" | "oval" | "line" | "ring"]

其中rectagle矩形，oval椭圆，line水平直线，ring环形

<shape>中子节点的常用属性：

<gradient> 渐变

android:startColor 起始颜色

android:endColor 结束颜色

android:angle 渐变角度，0从上到下，90表示从左到右，数值为45的整数倍默认为0；

android:type 渐变的样式 liner线性渐变 radial环形渐变 sweep

<solid > 填充

android:color 填充的颜色

<stroke > 描边

android:width 描边的宽度

android:color 描边的颜色

android:dashWidth 表示'-'横线的宽度

android:dashGap 表示'-'横线之间的距离

<corners > 圆角

android:radius 圆角的半径值越大角越圆

android:topRightRadius 右上圆角半径

android:bottomLeftRadius 右下圆角角半径

android:topLeftRadius 左上圆角半径

android:bottomRightRadius 左下圆角半径

2.Selector

简介

位置：res/drawable/文件的名称.xml

使用的方法：

Java代码中：R.drawable.文件的名称

XML中：android:background="@drawable/文件的名称"

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?> <selector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"> <!-- 默认时的背景图片--> <item android:drawable="@drawable/pic1" />  <!-- 没有焦点时的背景图片 --> <item  android:state_window_focused="false"  android:drawable="@drawable/pic_blue"  />  <!-- 非触摸模式下获得焦点并单击时的背景图片 --> <item  android:state_focused="true"  android:state_pressed="true"  android:drawable= "@drawable/pic_red"  />  <!-- 触摸模式下单击时的背景图片--> <item  android:state_focused="false"  android:state_pressed="true"  android:drawable="@drawable/pic_pink"  />  <!--选中时的图片背景--> <item  android:state_selected="true"  android:drawable="@drawable/pic_orange"  />  <!--获得焦点时的图片背景--> <item  android:state_focused="true"  android:drawable="@drawable/pic_green"  /> </selector>

先看看这个例子的结构：

selector.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <selector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">   <item android:state_selected="true">  <shape>   <gradient android:angle="270" android:endColor="#99BD4C"   android:startColor="#A5D245" />   <size android:height="60dp" android:width="320dp" />   <corners android:radius="8dp" />  </shape>  </item>  <item android:state_pressed="true">  <shape>   <gradient android:angle="270" android:endColor="#99BD4C"   android:startColor="#A5D245"/>   <size android:height="60dp" android:width="320dp" />   <corners android:radius="8dp" />  </shape>  </item>  <item>  <shape>   <gradient android:angle="270" android:endColor="#A8C3B0"   android:startColor="#C6CFCE" />   <size android:height="60dp" android:width="320dp" />   <corners android:radius="8dp" />  </shape>  </item> </selector>

list_item.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>  <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"  android:orientation="horizontal"  android:layout_width="fill_parent"  android:layout_height="wrap_content"  android:background="@drawable/selector"  >    <ImageView  android:id="@+id/img"  android:layout_width="wrap_content"  android:layout_height="wrap_content"   android:layout_gravity="center_vertical"  android:layout_marginLeft="20dp"   />     <TextView   android:text="data"   android:id="@+id/title"   android:layout_width="fill_parent"   android:layout_height="wrap_content"   android:gravity="center_vertical"   android:layout_marginLeft="20dp"   android:layout_marginTop="20dp"   android:textSize="14sp"      android:textStyle="bold"   android:textColor="@color/black"      >  </TextView>   </LinearLayout>

main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>  <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"  android:orientation="vertical"  android:layout_width="fill_parent"  android:layout_height="wrap_content"  android:background="#253853"  >      <ListView   android:id="@+id/list"   android:layout_width="match_parent"   android:layout_height="match_parent"   android:cacheColorHint="#00000000"   android:divider="#2A4562"   android:dividerHeight="3px"   android:listSelector="#264365"   android:drawSelectorOnTop="false"   >  </ListView> </LinearLayout>

colors.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <resources>  <color name="white">#FFFFFFFF</color>  <color name="transparency">#00000000</color>  <color name="title_bg">#1C86EE</color>  <color name="end_color">#A0cfef83</color>  <color name="black">#464646</color> </resources>

MainActivity.java

package com.lingdududu.customlist;  import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.HashMap;  import xb.customlist.R;  import android.R.array; import android.app.Activity; import android.os.Bundle; import android.widget.ArrayAdapter; import android.widget.ListView; import android.widget.SimpleAdapter;  public class MainActivity extends Activity {  ListView list;   String data[] = new String[]{   "China","UK","USA","Japan","German","Canada","ET","Narotu"  };    /** Called when the activity is first created. */  @Override  public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {  super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);  setContentView(R.layout.main);      list =(ListView) findViewById(R.id.list);     SimpleAdapter adapter = new SimpleAdapter(this, getData(), R.layout.list_item,   new String[]{"title","img"}, new int[]{R.id.title,R.id.img});    list.setAdapter(adapter);   }   private ArrayList<HashMap<String, Object>> getData() {  ArrayList<HashMap<String, Object>> dlist = new ArrayList<HashMap<String,Object>>();    for(int i =0;i<data.length;i++){   HashMap<String, Object>map = new HashMap<String, Object>();    map.put("title", data[i]);   map.put("img", R.drawable.item_left2);   dlist.add(map);  }  return dlist;  } }

效果图：