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Anroid ListView分组和悬浮Header实现方法

2019-12-12 04:48:03
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之前在使用iOS时,看到过一种分组的View,每一组都有一个Header,在上下滑动的时候,会有一个悬浮的Header,这种体验觉得很不错,请看下图:

上图中标红的1,2,3,4四张图中,当向上滑动时,仔细观察灰色条的Header变化,当第二组向上滑动时,会把第一组的悬浮Header挤上去。

这种效果在Android是没有的,iOS的SDK就自带这种效果。这篇文章就介绍如何在Android实现这种效果。

1、悬浮Header的实现

其实Android自带的联系人的App中就有这样的效果,我也是把他的类直接拿过来的,实现了PinnedHeaderListView这么一个类,扩展于ListView,核心原理就是在ListView的最顶部绘制一个调用者设置的Header View,在滑动的时候,根据一些状态来决定是否向上或向下移动Header View(其实就是调用其layout方法,理论上在绘制那里作一些平移也是可以的)。下面说一下具体的实现:

1.1、PinnedHeaderAdapter接口

这个接口需要ListView的Adapter来实现,它定义了两个方法,一个是让Adapter告诉ListView当前指定的position的数据的状态,比如指定position的数据可能是组的header;另一个方法就是设置Header View,比如设置Header View的文本,图片等,这个方法是由调用者去实现的。

/**  * Adapter interface. The list adapter must implement this interface.  */ public interface PinnedHeaderAdapter {    /**    * Pinned header state: don't show the header.    */   public static final int PINNED_HEADER_GONE = 0;    /**    * Pinned header state: show the header at the top of the list.    */   public static final int PINNED_HEADER_VISIBLE = 1;    /**    * Pinned header state: show the header. If the header extends beyond    * the bottom of the first shown element, push it up and clip.    */   public static final int PINNED_HEADER_PUSHED_UP = 2;    /**    * Computes the desired state of the pinned header for the given    * position of the first visible list item. Allowed return values are    * {@link #PINNED_HEADER_GONE}, {@link #PINNED_HEADER_VISIBLE} or    * {@link #PINNED_HEADER_PUSHED_UP}.    */   int getPinnedHeaderState(int position);    /**    * Configures the pinned header view to match the first visible list item.    *    * @param header pinned header view.    * @param position position of the first visible list item.    * @param alpha fading of the header view, between 0 and 255.    */   void configurePinnedHeader(View header, int position, int alpha); } 

1.2、如何绘制Header View

这是在dispatchDraw方法中绘制的:

@Override protected void dispatchDraw(Canvas canvas) {   super.dispatchDraw(canvas);   if (mHeaderViewVisible) {     drawChild(canvas, mHeaderView, getDrawingTime());   } } 

1.3、配置Header View

核心就是根据不同的状态值来控制Header View的状态,比如PINNED_HEADER_GONE(隐藏)的情况,可能需要设置一个flag标记,不绘制Header View,那么就达到隐藏的效果。当PINNED_HEADER_PUSHED_UP状态时,可能需要根据不同的位移来计算Header View的移动位移。下面是具体的实现:

public void configureHeaderView(int position) {   if (mHeaderView == null || null == mAdapter) {     return;   }      int state = mAdapter.getPinnedHeaderState(position);   switch (state) {     case PinnedHeaderAdapter.PINNED_HEADER_GONE: {       mHeaderViewVisible = false;       break;     }      case PinnedHeaderAdapter.PINNED_HEADER_VISIBLE: {       mAdapter.configurePinnedHeader(mHeaderView, position, MAX_ALPHA);       if (mHeaderView.getTop() != 0) {         mHeaderView.layout(0, 0, mHeaderViewWidth, mHeaderViewHeight);       }       mHeaderViewVisible = true;       break;     }      case PinnedHeaderAdapter.PINNED_HEADER_PUSHED_UP: {       View firstView = getChildAt(0);       int bottom = firstView.getBottom();        int itemHeight = firstView.getHeight();       int headerHeight = mHeaderView.getHeight();       int y;       int alpha;       if (bottom < headerHeight) {         y = (bottom - headerHeight);         alpha = MAX_ALPHA * (headerHeight + y) / headerHeight;       } else {         y = 0;         alpha = MAX_ALPHA;       }       mAdapter.configurePinnedHeader(mHeaderView, position, alpha);       if (mHeaderView.getTop() != y) {         mHeaderView.layout(0, y, mHeaderViewWidth, mHeaderViewHeight + y);       }       mHeaderViewVisible = true;       break;     }   } } 

1.4、onLayout和onMeasure

在这两个方法中,控制Header View的位置及大小

@Override protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {   super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);   if (mHeaderView != null) {     measureChild(mHeaderView, widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);     mHeaderViewWidth = mHeaderView.getMeasuredWidth();     mHeaderViewHeight = mHeaderView.getMeasuredHeight();   } }  @Override protected void onLayout(boolean changed, int left, int top, int right, int bottom) {   super.onLayout(changed, left, top, right, bottom);   if (mHeaderView != null) {     mHeaderView.layout(0, 0, mHeaderViewWidth, mHeaderViewHeight);     configureHeaderView(getFirstVisiblePosition());   } } 

好了,到这里,悬浮Header View就完了,各位可能看不到完整的代码,只要明白这几个核心的方法,自己写出来,也差不多了。

2、ListView Section实现

有两种方法实现ListView Section效果:

方法一:

每一个ItemView中包含Header,通过数据来控制其显示或隐藏,实现原理如下图:

优点:

1,实现简单,在Adapter.getView的实现中,只需要根据数据来判断是否是header,不是的话,隐藏Item view中的header部分,否则显示。

2,Adapter.getItem(int n)始终返回的数据是在数据列表中对应的第n个数据,这样容易理解。

3,控制header的点击事件更加容易

缺点:
1、使用更多的内存,第一个Item view中都包含一个header view,这样会费更多的内存,多数时候都可能header都是隐藏的。

方法二:

使用不同类型的View:重写getItemViewType(int)和getViewTypeCount()方法。

优点:

1,允许多个不同类型的item

2,理解更加简单

缺点:

1,实现比较复杂

2,得到指定位置的数据变得复杂一些

到这里,我的实现方式是选择第二种方案,尽管它的实现方式要复杂一些,但优点比较明显。

3、Adapter的实现

这里主要就是说一下getPinnedHeaderState和configurePinnedHeader这两个方法的实现

private class ListViewAdapter extends BaseAdapter implements PinnedHeaderAdapter {      private ArrayList<Contact> mDatas;   private static final int TYPE_CATEGORY_ITEM = 0;    private static final int TYPE_ITEM = 1;       public ListViewAdapter(ArrayList<Contact> datas) {     mDatas = datas;   }      @Override   public boolean areAllItemsEnabled() {     return false;   }      @Override   public boolean isEnabled(int position) {     // 异常情况处理      if (null == mDatas || position < 0|| position > getCount()) {       return true;     }           Contact item = mDatas.get(position);     if (item.isSection) {       return false;     }          return true;   }      @Override   public int getCount() {     return mDatas.size();   }      @Override   public int getItemViewType(int position) {     // 异常情况处理      if (null == mDatas || position < 0|| position > getCount()) {       return TYPE_ITEM;     }           Contact item = mDatas.get(position);     if (item.isSection) {       return TYPE_CATEGORY_ITEM;     }          return TYPE_ITEM;   }    @Override   public int getViewTypeCount() {     return 2;   }    @Override   public Object getItem(int position) {     return (position >= 0 && position < mDatas.size()) ? mDatas.get(position) : 0;   }    @Override   public long getItemId(int position) {     return 0;   }    @Override   public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {     int itemViewType = getItemViewType(position);     Contact data = (Contact) getItem(position);     TextView itemView;          switch (itemViewType) {     case TYPE_ITEM:       if (null == convertView) {         itemView = new TextView(SectionListView.this);         itemView.setLayoutParams(new AbsListView.LayoutParams(ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,             mItemHeight));         itemView.setTextSize(16);         itemView.setPadding(10, 0, 0, 0);         itemView.setGravity(Gravity.CENTER_VERTICAL);         //itemView.setBackgroundColor(Color.argb(255, 20, 20, 20));         convertView = itemView;       }              itemView = (TextView) convertView;       itemView.setText(data.toString());       break;            case TYPE_CATEGORY_ITEM:       if (null == convertView) {         convertView = getHeaderView();       }       itemView = (TextView) convertView;       itemView.setText(data.toString());       break;     }          return convertView;   }    @Override   public int getPinnedHeaderState(int position) {     if (position < 0) {       return PINNED_HEADER_GONE;     }          Contact item = (Contact) getItem(position);     Contact itemNext = (Contact) getItem(position + 1);     boolean isSection = item.isSection;     boolean isNextSection = (null != itemNext) ? itemNext.isSection : false;     if (!isSection && isNextSection) {       return PINNED_HEADER_PUSHED_UP;     }          return PINNED_HEADER_VISIBLE;   }    @Override   public void configurePinnedHeader(View header, int position, int alpha) {     Contact item = (Contact) getItem(position);     if (null != item) {       if (header instanceof TextView) {         ((TextView) header).setText(item.sectionStr);       }     }   } } 

在getPinnedHeaderState方法中,如果第一个item不是section,第二个item是section的话,就返回状态PINNED_HEADER_PUSHED_UP,否则返回PINNED_HEADER_VISIBLE。
在configurePinnedHeader方法中,就是将item的section字符串设置到header view上面去。

【重要说明】

Adapter中的数据里面已经包含了section(header)的数据,数据结构中有一个方法来标识它是否是section。那么,在点击事件就要注意了,通过position可能返回的是section数据结构。

数据结构Contact的定义如下:

public class Contact {   int id;   String name;   String pinyin;   String sortLetter = "#";   String sectionStr;   String phoneNumber;   boolean isSection;   static CharacterParser sParser = CharacterParser.getInstance();      Contact() {        }      Contact(int id, String name) {     this.id = id;     this.name = name;     this.pinyin = sParser.getSpelling(name);     if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(pinyin)) {       String sortString = this.pinyin.substring(0, 1).toUpperCase();       if (sortString.matches("[A-Z]")) {         this.sortLetter = sortString.toUpperCase();       } else {         this.sortLetter = "#";       }     }   }      @Override   public String toString() {     if (isSection) {       return name;     } else {       //return name + " (" + sortLetter + ", " + pinyin + ")";       return name + " (" + phoneNumber + ")";     }   } }  

完整的代码

package com.lee.sdk.test.section;  import java.util.ArrayList;  import android.graphics.Color; import android.os.Bundle; import android.view.Gravity; import android.view.View; import android.view.ViewGroup; import android.widget.AbsListView; import android.widget.AdapterView; import android.widget.AdapterView.OnItemClickListener; import android.widget.BaseAdapter; import android.widget.TextView; import android.widget.Toast;  import com.lee.sdk.test.GABaseActivity; import com.lee.sdk.test.R; import com.lee.sdk.widget.PinnedHeaderListView; import com.lee.sdk.widget.PinnedHeaderListView.PinnedHeaderAdapter;  public class SectionListView extends GABaseActivity {    private int mItemHeight = 55;   private int mSecHeight = 25;      @Override   protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {     super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);     setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);          float density = getResources().getDisplayMetrics().density;     mItemHeight = (int) (density * mItemHeight);     mSecHeight = (int) (density * mSecHeight);          PinnedHeaderListView mListView = new PinnedHeaderListView(this);     mListView.setAdapter(new ListViewAdapter(ContactLoader.getInstance().getContacts(this)));     mListView.setPinnedHeaderView(getHeaderView());     mListView.setBackgroundColor(Color.argb(255, 20, 20, 20));     mListView.setOnItemClickListener(new OnItemClickListener() {       @Override       public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id) {         ListViewAdapter adapter = ((ListViewAdapter) parent.getAdapter());         Contact data = (Contact) adapter.getItem(position);         Toast.makeText(SectionListView.this, data.toString(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();       }     });      setContentView(mListView);   }      private View getHeaderView() {     TextView itemView = new TextView(SectionListView.this);     itemView.setLayoutParams(new AbsListView.LayoutParams(ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,         mSecHeight));     itemView.setGravity(Gravity.CENTER_VERTICAL);     itemView.setBackgroundColor(Color.WHITE);     itemView.setTextSize(20);     itemView.setTextColor(Color.GRAY);     itemView.setBackgroundResource(R.drawable.section_listview_header_bg);     itemView.setPadding(10, 0, 0, itemView.getPaddingBottom());          return itemView;   }    private class ListViewAdapter extends BaseAdapter implements PinnedHeaderAdapter {          private ArrayList<Contact> mDatas;     private static final int TYPE_CATEGORY_ITEM = 0;      private static final int TYPE_ITEM = 1;           public ListViewAdapter(ArrayList<Contact> datas) {       mDatas = datas;     }          @Override     public boolean areAllItemsEnabled() {       return false;     }          @Override     public boolean isEnabled(int position) {       // 异常情况处理        if (null == mDatas || position < 0|| position > getCount()) {         return true;       }               Contact item = mDatas.get(position);       if (item.isSection) {         return false;       }              return true;     }          @Override     public int getCount() {       return mDatas.size();     }          @Override     public int getItemViewType(int position) {       // 异常情况处理        if (null == mDatas || position < 0|| position > getCount()) {         return TYPE_ITEM;       }               Contact item = mDatas.get(position);       if (item.isSection) {         return TYPE_CATEGORY_ITEM;       }              return TYPE_ITEM;     }      @Override     public int getViewTypeCount() {       return 2;     }      @Override     public Object getItem(int position) {       return (position >= 0 && position < mDatas.size()) ? mDatas.get(position) : 0;     }      @Override     public long getItemId(int position) {       return 0;     }      @Override     public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {       int itemViewType = getItemViewType(position);       Contact data = (Contact) getItem(position);       TextView itemView;              switch (itemViewType) {       case TYPE_ITEM:         if (null == convertView) {           itemView = new TextView(SectionListView.this);           itemView.setLayoutParams(new AbsListView.LayoutParams(ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,               mItemHeight));           itemView.setTextSize(16);           itemView.setPadding(10, 0, 0, 0);           itemView.setGravity(Gravity.CENTER_VERTICAL);           //itemView.setBackgroundColor(Color.argb(255, 20, 20, 20));           convertView = itemView;         }                  itemView = (TextView) convertView;         itemView.setText(data.toString());         break;                case TYPE_CATEGORY_ITEM:         if (null == convertView) {           convertView = getHeaderView();         }         itemView = (TextView) convertView;         itemView.setText(data.toString());         break;       }              return convertView;     }      @Override     public int getPinnedHeaderState(int position) {       if (position < 0) {         return PINNED_HEADER_GONE;       }              Contact item = (Contact) getItem(position);       Contact itemNext = (Contact) getItem(position + 1);       boolean isSection = item.isSection;       boolean isNextSection = (null != itemNext) ? itemNext.isSection : false;       if (!isSection && isNextSection) {         return PINNED_HEADER_PUSHED_UP;       }              return PINNED_HEADER_VISIBLE;     }      @Override     public void configurePinnedHeader(View header, int position, int alpha) {       Contact item = (Contact) getItem(position);       if (null != item) {         if (header instanceof TextView) {           ((TextView) header).setText(item.sectionStr);         }       }     }   } } 

最后来一张截图:
以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持武林网。

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