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android中AutoCompleteTextView的简单用法(实现搜索历史)

2019-12-12 04:41:53
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网上有不少教程,那个提示框字符集都是事先写好的,例如用一个String[] 数组去包含了这些数据,但是,我们也可以吧用户输入的作为历史记录保存

下面先上我写的代码:

 import android.app.Activity; import android.content.SharedPreferences; import android.os.Bundle; import android.util.Log; import android.view.View; import android.view.View.OnClickListener; import android.view.View.OnFocusChangeListener; import android.widget.ArrayAdapter; import android.widget.AutoCompleteTextView; import android.widget.Button;  public class Read_historyActivity extends Activity implements     OnClickListener {   private AutoCompleteTextView autoTv;    /** Called when the activity is first created. */   @Override   public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {     super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);     setContentView(R.layout.main);     autoTv = (AutoCompleteTextView) findViewById(R.id.autoCompleteTextView1);     initAutoComplete("history",autoTv);     Button search = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button1);     search.setOnClickListener(this);   }   @Override   public void onClick(View v) {     // 这里可以设定:当搜索成功时,才执行保存操作     saveHistory("history",autoTv);   }    /**    * 初始化AutoCompleteTextView,最多显示5项提示,使    * AutoCompleteTextView在一开始获得焦点时自动提示    * @param field 保存在sharedPreference中的字段名    * @param auto 要操作的AutoCompleteTextView    */   private void initAutoComplete(String field,AutoCompleteTextView auto) {     SharedPreferences sp = getSharedPreferences("network_url", 0);     String longhistory = sp.getString("history", "nothing");     String[] hisArrays = longhistory.split(",");     ArrayAdapter<String> adapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(this,         android.R.layout.simple_dropdown_item_1line, hisArrays);     //只保留最近的50条的记录     if(hisArrays.length > 50){       String[] newArrays = new String[50];       System.arraycopy(hisArrays, 0, newArrays, 0, 50);       adapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(this,           android.R.layout.simple_dropdown_item_1line, newArrays);     }     auto.setAdapter(adapter);     auto.setDropDownHeight(350);     auto.setThreshold(1);     auto.setCompletionHint("最近的5条记录");     auto.setOnFocusChangeListener(new OnFocusChangeListener() {       @Override       public void onFocusChange(View v, boolean hasFocus) {         AutoCompleteTextView view = (AutoCompleteTextView) v;         if (hasFocus) {             view.showDropDown();         }       }     });   }      /**    * 把指定AutoCompleteTextView中内容保存到sharedPreference中指定的字符段    * @param field 保存在sharedPreference中的字段名    * @param auto 要操作的AutoCompleteTextView    */   private void saveHistory(String field,AutoCompleteTextView auto) {     String text = auto.getText().toString();     SharedPreferences sp = getSharedPreferences("network_url", 0);     String longhistory = sp.getString(field, "nothing");     if (!longhistory.contains(text + ",")) {       StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(longhistory);       sb.insert(0, text + ",");       sp.edit().putString("history", sb.toString()).commit();     } <span style="font-family: monospace; white-space: pre; background-color: rgb(240, 240, 240); "> } }</span> 

上面的代码我实现了autocomplettextview的从sharepreference中读取历史记录并显示的功能,当没有任何输入时,提示最新的5项历史记录(这里可以加个条件,当有历史记录时才显示)

补上布局的代码

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout   xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"   android:orientation="vertical"   android:layout_width="fill_parent"   android:layout_height="fill_parent">   <TextView android:layout_width="fill_parent"     android:layout_height="wrap_content"     android:text="@string/hello" />   <LinearLayout android:layout_width="0px"     android:layout_height="0px" android:focusable="true"     android:focusableInTouchMode="true"></LinearLayout>   <AutoCompleteTextView     android:hint="请输入文字进行搜索" android:layout_height="wrap_content"     android:layout_width="match_parent"     android:id="@+id/autoCompleteTextView1">   </AutoCompleteTextView>   <Button android:text="搜索" android:id="@+id/button1"     android:layout_width="wrap_content"     android:layout_height="wrap_content"></Button> </LinearLayout> 

当之有一个edittext或者auto的时候,进入画面时是默认得到焦点的,要想去除焦点,可以在auto之前加一个o像素的layout,并设置他先得到焦点。

效果图如下

下面出现的是源码内容 

需要注意的是,我这里用到的AutoCompleteTextView的几个方法

1. setAdapter()方法:这里要传递的adapter参数必须是继承ListAdapter和Filterable的,其中arrayAdapter和simpleAdapter都能满足要求,我们常用arrayAdapter,因为他不需要像simpleAdapte那样设置他的显示位置和textview组件。

要想掌握它,就必须查看他的源码,我们可以看看arrayadapter是如何实现

凡是继承了Filterable的adapter都必须重写getFilter接口方法

public Filter getFilter() {   if (mFilter == null) {     mFilter = new ArrayFilter();   }   return mFilter; } 

这个filter 就是实现过滤方法的对象,同样,我们可以查看他的源码是如何实现的
 

 /**   * <p>An array filter constrains the content of the array adapter with   * a prefix. Each item that does not start with the supplied prefix   * is removed from the list.</p>   */   private class ArrayFilter extends Filter {     @Override     protected FilterResults performFiltering(CharSequence prefix) {       FilterResults results = new FilterResults();        if (mOriginalValues == null) {         synchronized (mLock) {           mOriginalValues = new ArrayList<T>(mObjects);         }       }        if (prefix == null || prefix.length() == 0) {         synchronized (mLock) {           ArrayList<T> list = new ArrayList<T>(mOriginalValues);           results.values = list;           results.count = list.size();         }       } else {         String prefixString = prefix.toString().toLowerCase();          final ArrayList<T> values = mOriginalValues;         final int count = values.size();          final ArrayList<T> newValues = new ArrayList<T>(count);          for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {           final T value = values.get(i);           final String valueText = value.toString().toLowerCase();            // First match against the whole, non-splitted value           if (valueText.startsWith(prefixString)) {             newValues.add(value);           } else {             final String[] words = valueText.split(" ");             final int wordCount = words.length;              for (int k = 0; k < wordCount; k++) {               if (words[k].startsWith(prefixString)) {                 newValues.add(value);                 break;               }             }           }         }          results.values = newValues;         results.count = newValues.size();       }        return results;     } 

这是arrayAdapter自定义的一个私有内部类,所谓私有,就意味着你不能通过继承去修改这种过滤方法,同样你也不能直接得到他过滤后结果集results。假如你想使用新的过滤方法,你必须重写getfilter()方法,返回的filter对象是你要新建的filter对象(在里面包含performFiltering()方法重新构造你要的过滤方法)

2.setDropDownHeight方法 ,用来设置提示下拉框的高度,注意,这只是限制了提示下拉框的高度,提示数据集的个数并没有变化

3.setThreshold方法,设置从输入第几个字符起出现提示

4.setCompletionHint方法,设置提示框最下面显示的文字

 5.setOnFocusChangeListener方法,里面包含OnFocusChangeListener监听器,设置焦点改变事件

 6.showdropdown方法,让下拉框弹出来       

我没有用到的一些方法列举

1.clearListSelection,去除selector样式,只是暂时的去除,当用户再输入时又重新出现

2.dismissDropDown,关闭下拉提示框

3.enoughToFilter,这是一个是否满足过滤条件的方法,sdk建议我们可以重写这个方法

4. getAdapter,得到一个可过滤的列表适配器

5.getDropDownAnchor,得到下拉框的锚计的view的id

6.getDropDownBackground,得到下拉框的背景色

7.setDropDownBackgroundDrawable,设置下拉框的背景色

8.setDropDownBackgroundResource,设置下拉框的背景资源

9.setDropDownVerticalOffset,设置下拉表垂直偏移量,即是list里包含的数据项数目

10.getDropDownVerticalOffset ,得到下拉表垂直偏移量

11..setDropDownHorizontalOffset,设置水平偏移量

12.setDropDownAnimationStyle,设置下拉框的弹出动画

13.getThreshold,得到过滤字符个数

14.setOnItemClickListener,设置下拉框点击事件

15.getListSelection,得到下拉框选中为位置

16.getOnItemClickListener。得到单项点击事件

17.getOnItemSelectedListener得到单项选中事件

18.getAdapter,得到那个设置的适配器
一些隐藏方法和构造我没有列举了,具体可以参考api文档

自定义:

网上找到的都是同ArrayAdapter一起使用的,有时候需要自定义风格,咋办?follow me!
看上图,实现了清空输入框内容和删除Item功能。

其实使用AutoCompleteTextView就得实现过滤器Filterable,你得告诉它怎么过滤。由于ArrayAdapter已经帮我们实现了Filterable接口,所以我们很容易忽略这个,以为AutoCompleteTextView用起来很简单。如果你使用的是BaseAdapter呢?当然,事实上也不难,只要让它也实现Filterable接口就可以了。

下面是源码:

实现自定义的Adapter

import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List;  import qianlong.qlmobile.tablet.csco.R;  import android.content.Context; import android.util.Log; import android.view.LayoutInflater; import android.view.View; import android.view.ViewGroup; import android.view.View.OnClickListener; import android.widget.BaseAdapter; import android.widget.Filter; import android.widget.Filterable; import android.widget.ImageView; import android.widget.TextView;  public class AutoCompleteAdapter extends BaseAdapter implements Filterable{   private Context context;   private ArrayFilter mFilter;   private ArrayList<String> mOriginalValues;//所有的Item   private List<String> mObjects;//过滤后的item   private final Object mLock = new Object();   private int maxMatch=10;//最多显示多少个选项,负数表示全部   public AutoCompleteAdapter(Context context,ArrayList<String> mOriginalValues,int maxMatch){     this.context=context;     this.mOriginalValues=mOriginalValues;     this.maxMatch=maxMatch;   }      @Override   public Filter getFilter() {     // TODO Auto-generated method stub     if (mFilter == null) {        mFilter = new ArrayFilter();      }      return mFilter;   }      private class ArrayFilter extends Filter {      @Override     protected FilterResults performFiltering(CharSequence prefix) {       // TODO Auto-generated method stub       FilterResults results = new FilterResults();          //     if (mOriginalValues == null) {  //        synchronized (mLock) {  //          mOriginalValues = new ArrayList<String>(mObjects);//  //        }  //      }              if (prefix == null || prefix.length() == 0) {          synchronized (mLock) {           Log.i("tag", "mOriginalValues.size="+mOriginalValues.size());           ArrayList<String> list = new ArrayList<String>(mOriginalValues);            results.values = list;            results.count = list.size();            return results;         }        } else {         String prefixString = prefix.toString().toLowerCase();            final int count = mOriginalValues.size();            final ArrayList<String> newValues = new ArrayList<String>(count);            for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {           final String value = mOriginalValues.get(i);            final String valueText = value.toLowerCase();    //          if(valueText.contains(prefixString)){//匹配所有 //            //          }           // First match against the whole, non-splitted value            if (valueText.startsWith(prefixString)) { //源码 ,匹配开头             newValues.add(value);            }  //          else {  //            final String[] words = valueText.split(" ");//分隔符匹配,效率低 //            final int wordCount = words.length;  //  //            for (int k = 0; k < wordCount; k++) {  //              if (words[k].startsWith(prefixString)) {  //                newValues.add(value);  //                break;  //              }  //            }  //          }           if(maxMatch>0){//有数量限制              if(newValues.size()>maxMatch-1){//不要太多                break;              }            }          }            results.values = newValues;          results.count = newValues.size();        }          return results;     }      @Override     protected void publishResults(CharSequence constraint,         FilterResults results) {       // TODO Auto-generated method stub       mObjects = (List<String>) results.values;        if (results.count > 0) {          notifyDataSetChanged();        } else {          notifyDataSetInvalidated();        }     }        }    @Override   public int getCount() {     // TODO Auto-generated method stub     return mObjects.size();   }    @Override   public Object getItem(int position) {     // TODO Auto-generated method stub     //此方法有误,尽量不要使用     return mObjects.get(position);   }    @Override   public long getItemId(int position) {     // TODO Auto-generated method stub     return position;   }    @Override   public View getView(final int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {     // TODO Auto-generated method stub     ViewHolder holder = null;     if(convertView==null){       holder=new ViewHolder();       LayoutInflater inflater = (LayoutInflater)context.getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);       convertView=inflater.inflate(R.layout.simple_list_item_for_autocomplete, null);       holder.tv=(TextView)convertView.findViewById(R.id.simple_item_0);        holder.iv=(ImageView)convertView.findViewById(R.id.simple_item_1);       convertView.setTag(holder);     }else{       holder = (ViewHolder) convertView.getTag();     }          holder.tv.setText(mObjects.get(position));     holder.iv.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {              @Override       public void onClick(View v) {         // TODO Auto-generated method stub         String obj=mObjects.remove(position);         mOriginalValues.remove(obj);         notifyDataSetChanged();       }     });     return convertView;   }    class ViewHolder {     TextView tv;     ImageView iv;   }      public ArrayList<String> getAllItems(){     return mOriginalValues;   } } 
import android.content.Context; import android.util.AttributeSet; import android.view.View; import android.widget.AutoCompleteTextView; import android.widget.ImageView; import android.widget.RelativeLayout; import android.widget.ImageView.ScaleType;  public class AdvancedAutoCompleteTextView extends RelativeLayout{    private Context context;   private AutoCompleteTextView tv;   public AdvancedAutoCompleteTextView(Context context) {     super(context);     // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub     this.context=context;   }   public AdvancedAutoCompleteTextView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {     super(context, attrs);     // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub     this.context=context;   }    @Override   protected void onFinishInflate() {     super.onFinishInflate();     initViews();   }    private void initViews() {     RelativeLayout.LayoutParams params=new RelativeLayout.LayoutParams(RelativeLayout.LayoutParams.FILL_PARENT,RelativeLayout.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT);     tv=new AutoCompleteTextView(context);     tv.setLayoutParams(params);     tv.setPadding(10, 0, 40, 0); //   tv.setSingleLine(true);          RelativeLayout.LayoutParams p=new RelativeLayout.LayoutParams(RelativeLayout.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT,RelativeLayout.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT);     p.addRule(RelativeLayout.ALIGN_PARENT_RIGHT);     p.addRule(RelativeLayout.CENTER_VERTICAL);     p.rightMargin=10;     ImageView iv=new ImageView(context);     iv.setLayoutParams(p);     iv.setScaleType(ScaleType.FIT_CENTER);     iv.setImageResource(R.drawable.delete);     iv.setClickable(true);     iv.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {              @Override       public void onClick(View v) {         // TODO Auto-generated method stub         tv.setText("");       }     });            this.addView(tv);     this.addView(iv);             }      public void setAdapter(AutoCompleteAdapter adapter){     tv.setAdapter(adapter);   }      public void setThreshold(int threshold){     tv.setThreshold(threshold);   }      public AutoCompleteTextView getAutoCompleteTextView(){     return tv;   } } 

simple_list_item_for_autocomplete.xml 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"   android:layout_width="fill_parent"   android:layout_height="wrap_content"   android:orientation="horizontal"   android:paddingTop="5dip"   android:paddingBottom="5dip"   >   <TextView android:id="@+id/simple_item_0"     android:layout_width="fill_parent"     android:layout_height="wrap_content"     android:layout_weight="1"     android:paddingLeft="5dip"     android:textColor="@android:color/black"     />   <ImageView android:id="@+id/simple_item_1"     android:layout_width="wrap_content"     android:layout_height="wrap_content"     android:scaleType="fitCenter"     android:src="@drawable/delete"     android:layout_centerVertical="true"     android:layout_marginRight="5dip"     /> </LinearLayout> 

使用,通常情况下都这样: 

private AdvancedAutoCompleteTextView tv;   private AutoCompleteAdapter adapter;   private ArrayList<String> mOriginalValues=new ArrayList<String>();   @Override   public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {     super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);     setContentView(R.layout.main);          mOriginalValues.add("1234561");     mOriginalValues.add("1234562");     mOriginalValues.add("2234563");     mOriginalValues.add("2234564");     mOriginalValues.add("3234561111");     mOriginalValues.add("32345622222");     mOriginalValues.add("323456333333");     mOriginalValues.add("3234564444");     mOriginalValues.add("3234565555");     mOriginalValues.add("32345666666");     mOriginalValues.add("32345777777");          tv = (AdvancedAutoCompleteTextView) findViewById(R.id.tv);     tv.setThreshold(0);     adapter = new AutoCompleteAdapter(this, mOriginalValues, 10);     tv.setAdapter(adapter);   } 

以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持武林网。

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