用Python编写一个简单的俄罗斯方块游戏的教程

from Tkinter import *   from tkMessageBox import *   import random   import time   #俄罗斯方块界面的高度   HEIGHT = 18   #俄罗斯方块界面的宽度   WIDTH  = 10   ACTIVE = 1   PASSIVE = 0   TRUE  = 1   FALSE  = 0   root=Tk();root.title('Russia')   class App(Frame):     def __init__(self,master):       Frame.__init__(self)       master.bind('<Up>',self.Up)       master.bind('<Left>',self.Left)       master.bind('<Right>',self.Right)       master.bind('<Down>',self.Down)       #master.bind('<Down>',self.Space)       master.bind('<space>',self.Space)       master.bind('<Control-Shift-Key-F12>',self.Play)       master.bind('<Key-F6>',self.Pause)       self.backg="#%02x%02x%02x" % (120,150,30)       self.frontg="#%02x%02x%02x" % (40,120,150)       self.nextg="#%02x%02x%02x" % (150,100,100)       self.flashg="#%02x%02x%02x" % (210,130,100)       self.LineDisplay=Label(master,text='Lines: ',bg='black',fg='red')       self.Line=Label(master,text='0',bg='black',fg='red')       self.ScoreDisplay=Label(master,text='Score: ',bg='black',fg='red')       self.Score=Label(master,text='0',bg='black',fg='red')       #Display time       self.SpendTimeDisplay=Label(master,text='Time: ',bg='black',fg='red')       self.SpendTime=Label(master,text='0.0',bg='black',fg='red')       self.LineDisplay.grid(row=HEIGHT-2,column=WIDTH,columnspan=2)       self.Line.grid(row=HEIGHT-2,column=WIDTH+2,columnspan=3)       self.ScoreDisplay.grid(row=HEIGHT-1,column=WIDTH,columnspan=2)       self.Score.grid(row=HEIGHT-1,column=WIDTH+2,columnspan=3)       #Display time       self.SpendTimeDisplay.grid(row=HEIGHT-4,column=WIDTH,columnspan=2)       self.SpendTime.grid(row=HEIGHT-4,column=WIDTH+2,columnspan=3)       self.TotalTime=0.0       self.TotalLine=0;self.TotalScore=0       #Game over       self.isgameover=FALSE       #Pause       self.isPause=FALSE       #Start       self.isStart=FALSE       self.NextList=[];self.NextRowList=[]       r=0;c=0       for k in range(4*4):         LN=Label(master,text='  ',bg=str(self.nextg),fg='white',relief=FLAT,bd=4)         LN.grid(row=r,column=WIDTH+c,sticky=N+E+S+W)         self.NextRowList.append(LN)         c=c+1         if c>=4:           r=r+1;c=0           self.NextList.append(self.NextRowList)           self.NextRowList=[]       self.BlockList=[];self.LabelList=[]       self.BlockRowList=[];self.LabelRowList=[]       row=0;col=0       for i in range(HEIGHT*WIDTH):         L=Label(master,text='  ',bg=str(self.backg),fg='white',relief=FLAT,bd=4)         L.grid(row=row,column=col,sticky=N+E+S+W)         L.row=row;L.col=col;L.isactive=PASSIVE         self.BlockRowList.append(0);self.LabelRowList.append(L)         col=col+1         if col>=WIDTH:           row=row+1;col=0           self.BlockList.append(self.BlockRowList)           self.LabelList.append(self.LabelRowList)           self.BlockRowList=[];self.LabelRowList=[]       #file       fw=open('text.txt','a')       fw.close()       hasHead=FALSE       f=open('text.txt','r')       if f.read(5)=='score':         hasHead=TRUE       f.close()       self.file=open('text.txt','r+a')       if hasHead==FALSE:         self.file.write('score  line  time  scorePtime  linePtime  scorePline  date/n')         self.file.flush()                self.time=1000       self.OnTimer()     def __del__(self):       #self.file.close()       pass            def Pause(self,event):       self.isPause=1-self.isPause     def Up(self,event):       BL=self.BlockList;LL=self.LabelList       Moveable=TRUE       xtotal=0;ytotal=0;count=0       for i in range(HEIGHT):         for j in range(WIDTH):           if LL[i][j].isactive==ACTIVE:             xtotal=xtotal+i;ytotal=ytotal+j;count=count+1       SourceList=[];DestList=[]       for i in range(HEIGHT):         for j in range(WIDTH):           if LL[i][j].isactive==ACTIVE:             x0=(xtotal+ytotal)/count;y0=(ytotal-xtotal )/count             xr=(xtotal+ytotal)%count;yr=(ytotal-xtotal)%count             x=x0-j;y=y0+i             if xr>=count/2:x=x+1             if yr>=count/2:y=y+1             SourceList.append([i,j]);DestList.append([x,y])             if x<0 or x>=HEIGHT or y<0 or y>=WIDTH:Moveable=FALSE             if x>=0 and x<HEIGHT and y>=0 and y<WIDTH and BL[x][y]==1 and LL[x][y].isactive==PASSIVE:Moveable=FALSE       if Moveable==TRUE:         for i in range(len(SourceList)):           self.Empty(SourceList[i][0],SourceList[i][1])         for i in range(len(DestList)):           self.Fill(DestList[i][0],DestList[i][1])     def Left(self,event):       BL=self.BlockList;LL=self.LabelList       Moveable=TRUE       for i in range(HEIGHT):         for j in range(WIDTH):           if LL[i][j].isactive==ACTIVE and j-1<0:Moveable=FALSE           if LL[i][j].isactive==ACTIVE and j-1>=0 and BL[i][j-1]==1 and LL[i][j-1].isactive==PASSIVE:Moveable=FALSE       if Moveable==TRUE:         for i in range(HEIGHT):           for j in range(WIDTH):             if j-1>=0 and LL[i][j].isactive==ACTIVE and BL[i][j-1]==0:               self.Fill(i,j-1);self.Empty(i,j)     def Right(self,event):       BL=self.BlockList;LL=self.LabelList       Moveable=TRUE       for i in range(HEIGHT):         for j in range(WIDTH):           if LL[i][j].isactive==ACTIVE and j+1>=WIDTH:Moveable=FALSE           if LL[i][j].isactive==ACTIVE and j+1<WIDTH and BL[i][j+1]==1 and LL[i][j+1].isactive==PASSIVE:Moveable=FALSE       if Moveable==TRUE:         for i in range(HEIGHT-1,-1,-1):           for j in range(WIDTH-1,-1,-1):             if j+1<WIDTH and LL[i][j].isactive==ACTIVE and BL[i][j+1]==0:               self.Fill(i,j+1);self.Empty(i,j)     def Space(self,event):       while 1:         if self.Down(0)==FALSE:break     def OnTimer(self):       if self.isStart==TRUE and self.isPause==FALSE:         self.TotalTime = self.TotalTime + float(self.time)/1000         self.SpendTime.config(text=str(self.TotalTime))              if self.isPause==FALSE:         self.Down(0)       if self.TotalScore>=1000:self.time=900       if self.TotalScore>=2000:self.time=750       if self.TotalScore>=3000:self.time=600       if self.TotalScore>=4000:self.time=400       self.after(self.time,self.OnTimer)     def Down(self,event):       BL=self.BlockList;LL=self.LabelList       Moveable=TRUE       for i in range(HEIGHT):         for j in range(WIDTH):           if LL[i][j].isactive==ACTIVE and i+1>=HEIGHT:Moveable=FALSE           if LL[i][j].isactive==ACTIVE and i+1<HEIGHT and BL[i+1][j]==1 and LL[i+1][j].isactive==PASSIVE:Moveable=FALSE       if Moveable==TRUE:         for i in range(HEIGHT-1,-1,-1):           for j in range(WIDTH-1,-1,-1):             if i+1<HEIGHT and LL[i][j].isactive==ACTIVE and BL[i+1][j]==0:               self.Fill(i+1,j);self.Empty(i,j)       if Moveable==FALSE:         for i in range(HEIGHT):           for j in range(WIDTH):             LL[i][j].isactive=PASSIVE         self.JudgeLineFill()         self.Start()         if self.isgameover==TRUE:showinfo('T_T','The game is over!');self.Distroy();return FALSE         for i in range(4):           for j in range(4):             self.NextEmpty(i,j)         self.Rnd()       return Moveable     def JudgeLineFill(self):       BL=self.BlockList;LL=self.LabelList       count=0;LineList=[]       for i in range(WIDTH):LineList.append(1)       #display flash       for i in range(HEIGHT):         if BL[i]==LineList:           count=count+1           for k in range(WIDTH):             LL[i][k].config(bg=str(self.flashg))             LL[i][k].update()       if count!=0:self.after(100)       #delete block       for i in range(HEIGHT):         if BL[i]==LineList:           #count=count+1           for j in range(i,0,-1):             for k in range(WIDTH):               BL[j][k]=BL[j-1][k]               LL[j][k]['relief']=LL[j-1][k].cget('relief')               LL[j][k]['bg']=LL[j-1][k].cget('bg')           for l in range(WIDTH):             BL[0][l]=0             LL[0][l].config(relief=FLAT,bg=str(self.backg))       self.TotalLine=self.TotalLine+count       if count==1:self.TotalScore=self.TotalScore+1*WIDTH       if count==2:self.TotalScore=self.TotalScore+3*WIDTH       if count==3:self.TotalScore=self.TotalScore+6*WIDTH       if count==4:self.TotalScore=self.TotalScore+10*WIDTH       self.Line.config(text=str(self.TotalLine))       self.Score.config(text=str(self.TotalScore))     def Fill(self,i,j):       if j<0:return       if self.BlockList[i][j]==1:self.isgameover=TRUE       self.BlockList[i][j]=1       self.LabelList[i][j].isactive=ACTIVE       self.LabelList[i][j].config(relief=RAISED,bg=str(self.frontg))     def Empty(self,i,j):       self.BlockList[i][j]=0       self.LabelList[i][j].isactive=PASSIVE       self.LabelList[i][j].config(relief=FLAT,bg=str(self.backg))     def Play(self,event):       showinfo('Made in China','^_</font></p>   <p><span mce_name="em" style="font-style: italic;" class="Apple-style-span" mce_style="font-style: italic;"><span style="font-size: small; " id="" mce_style="font-size: small;"><br></span></span></p>   <p><span mce_name="em" style="font-style: italic;" class="Apple-style-span" mce_style="font-style: italic;"><span style="font-size: small; " id="" mce_style="font-size: small;">  </span></span></p>   <p><br></p>)     def NextFill(self,i,j):       self.NextList[i][j].config(relief=RAISED,bg=str(self.frontg))     def NextEmpty(self,i,j):       self.NextList[i][j].config(relief=FLAT,bg=str(self.nextg))     def Distroy(self):       #save       if self.TotalScore!=0:         savestr='%-9u%-8u%-8.2f%-14.2f%-13.2f%-14.2f%s/n' % (self.TotalScore,self.TotalLine,self.TotalTime                           ,self.TotalScore/self.TotalTime                           ,self.TotalLine/self.TotalTime                           ,float(self.TotalScore)/self.TotalLine                           ,time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S',time.localtime()))         self.file.seek(0,2)         self.file.write(savestr)         self.file.flush()              for i in range(HEIGHT):         for j in range(WIDTH):           self.Empty(i,j)       self.TotalLine=0;self.TotalScore=0;self.TotalTime=0.0       self.Line.config(text=str(self.TotalLine))       self.Score.config(text=str(self.TotalScore))       self.SpendTime.config(text=str(self.TotalTime))       self.isgameover=FALSE       self.isStart=FALSE       self.time=1000       for i in range(4):         for j in range(4):           self.NextEmpty(i,j)     def Start(self):       if self.x==1:self.Fill(0,WIDTH/2-2);self.Fill(0,WIDTH/2-1);self.Fill(0,WIDTH/2);self.Fill(0,WIDTH/2+1)       if self.x==2:self.Fill(0,WIDTH/2-1);self.Fill(0,WIDTH/2);self.Fill(1,WIDTH/2-1);self.Fill(1,WIDTH/2)       if self.x==3:self.Fill(0,WIDTH/2);self.Fill(1,WIDTH/2-1);self.Fill(1,WIDTH/2);self.Fill(1,WIDTH/2+1)       if self.x==4:self.Fill(0,WIDTH/2-1);self.Fill(1,WIDTH/2-1);self.Fill(1,WIDTH/2);self.Fill(1,WIDTH/2+1)       if self.x==5:self.Fill(0,WIDTH/2+1);self.Fill(1,WIDTH/2-1);self.Fill(1,WIDTH/2);self.Fill(1,WIDTH/2+1)       if self.x==6:self.Fill(0,WIDTH/2-1);self.Fill(0,WIDTH/2);self.Fill(1,WIDTH/2);self.Fill(1,WIDTH/2+1)       if self.x==7:self.Fill(0,WIDTH/2);self.Fill(0,WIDTH/2+1);self.Fill(1,WIDTH/2-1);self.Fill(1,WIDTH/2)       self.isStart=TRUE     def Rnd(self):       self.x=random.randint(1,7)       if self.x==1:self.NextFill(0,0);self.NextFill(0,1);self.NextFill(0,2);self.NextFill(0,3)       if self.x==2:self.NextFill(0,1);self.NextFill(0,2);self.NextFill(1,1);self.NextFill(1,2)       if self.x==3:self.NextFill(0,2);self.NextFill(1,1);self.NextFill(1,2);self.NextFill(1,3)       if self.x==4:self.NextFill(0,1);self.NextFill(1,1);self.NextFill(1,2);self.NextFill(1,3)       if self.x==5:self.NextFill(0,3);self.NextFill(1,1);self.NextFill(1,2);self.NextFill(1,3)       if self.x==6:self.NextFill(0,1);self.NextFill(0,2);self.NextFill(1,2);self.NextFill(1,3)       if self.x==7:self.NextFill(0,2);self.NextFill(0,3);self.NextFill(1,1);self.NextFill(1,2)     def RndFirst(self):       self.x=random.randint(1,7)     def Show(self):       self.file.seek(0)       strHeadLine=self.file.readline()       dictLine={}       strTotalLine=''       for OneLine in self.file.readlines():         temp=int(OneLine[:5])         dictLine[temp]=OneLine                list=sorted(dictLine.items(),key=lambda d:d[0])       ii=0           for onerecord in reversed(list):         ii=ii+1         if ii<11:           strTotalLine+=onerecord[1]       showinfo('Ranking', strHeadLine+strTotalLine)   def Start():     app.RndFirst();app.Start();app.Rnd()   def End():     app.Distroy()   def Set():     pass   def Show():     app.Show()      mainmenu=Menu(root)   root['menu']=mainmenu   gamemenu=Menu(mainmenu)   mainmenu.add_cascade(label='game',menu=gamemenu)   gamemenu.add_command(label='start',command=Start)   gamemenu.add_command(label='end',command=End)   gamemenu.add_separator()   gamemenu.add_command(label='exit',command=root.quit)   setmenu=Menu(mainmenu)   mainmenu.add_cascade(label='set',menu=setmenu)   setmenu.add_command(label='set',command=Set)   showmenu=Menu(mainmenu)   mainmenu.add_cascade(label='show',menu=showmenu)   showmenu.add_command(label='show',command=Show)   app=App(root)   root.mainloop()