centos7下安装oracle11gR2的详细步骤

环境准备

安装包:

本教程是在VMware下安装的，注意设置内存的时候，不要设置动态内存。

安装Oracle前准备

创建运行oracle数据库的系统用户和用户组

[jonathan@localhost ~]$ su root　　#切换到rootPassword:[root@localhost]# groupadd oinstall　　#创建用户组oinstall[root@localhost]# groupadd dba　　#创建用户组dba[root@localhost]# useradd -g oinstall -g dba -m oracle　　#创建oracle用户，并加入到oinstall和dba用户组[root@localhost]# passwd oracle　　#设置用户oracle的登陆密码，不设置密码，在CentOS的图形登陆界面没法登陆Changing password for user oracle.New password: 　　# 密码BAD PASSWORD: The password is shorter than 8 charactersRetype new password: 　　# 确认密码passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.[root@localhost]# id oracle # 查看新建的oracle用户uid=1001(oracle) gid=1002(dba) groups=1002(dba)

创建oracle数据库安装目录

[jonathan@localhost ~]$ su rootPassword:[root@localhost]# mkdir -p /data/oracle　　#oracle数据库安装目录[root@localhost]# mkdir -p /data/oraInventory　　#oracle数据库配置文件目录[root@localhost]# mkdir -p /data/database　　#oracle数据库软件包解压目录[root@localhost]# cd /data[root@localhost data]# ls　　#创建完毕检查一下（强迫症）database oracle oraInventory[root@localhost data]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /data/oracle　　#设置目录所有者为oinstall用户组的oracle用户[root@localhost data]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /data/oraInventory[root@localhost data]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /data/database[root@localhost data]#

修改OS系统标识

Oracle默认不支持CentOS系统安装，Oracle Database 11g Release 2 的 OS要求参考：link

修改文件 /etc/RedHat-release

[root@localhost data]# cat /proc/versionLinux version 3.10.0-327.el7.x86_64 (builder@kbuilder.dev.centos.org) (gcc version 4.8.3 20140911 (Red Hat 4.8.3-9) (GCC) ) #1 SMP Thu Nov 19 22:10:57 UTC 2015[root@localhost data]# cat /etc/redhat-release　　CentOS Linux release 7.1.1503 (Core)[root@localhost data]# vi /etc/redhat-release[root@localhost data]# cat /etc/redhat-releaseredhat-7[root@localhost data]#

安装oracle数据库所需要的软件包

Oracle Database Package Requirements for Linux x86-64 如下：（参考：https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E11882_01/install.112/e47689/pre_install.htm#BABCFJFG）

复制代码 代码如下:
yum install gcc* gcc-* gcc-c++-* glibc-devel-* glibc-headers-* compat-libstdc* libstdc* elfutils-libelf-devel* libaio-devel* sysstat* unixODBC-* pdksh-*

根据具体情况去安装,上面只是提供了一个大概的内容，不是很全

关闭防火墙

CentOS 7.2默认使用的是firewall作为防火墙

[root@localhost /]# systemctl status firewalld.service　　#查看防火墙状态，运行中● firewalld.service - firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/firewalld.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled) Active: active (running) since Thu 2016-04-07 18:54:29 PDT; 2h 20min ago Main PID: 802 (firewalld) CGroup: /system.slice/firewalld.service  └─802 /usr/bin/python -Es /usr/sbin/firewalld --nofork --nopidApr 07 18:54:25 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon...Apr 07 18:54:29 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon.[root@localhost /]# systemctl stop firewalld.service　　#关闭防火墙[root@localhost /]# systemctl status firewalld.service　　#再次查看防火墙状态，发现已关闭● firewalld.service - firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/firewalld.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled) Active: inactive (dead) since Thu 2016-04-07 21:15:34 PDT; 9s ago Main PID: 802 (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)Apr 07 18:54:25 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon...Apr 07 18:54:29 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon.Apr 07 21:15:33 localhost systemd[1]: Stopping firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon...Apr 07 21:15:34 localhost systemd[1]: Stopped firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon.[root@localhost /]# systemctl disable firewalld.service　　#禁止使用防火墙（重启也是禁止的）Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.Fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service.Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/basic.target.wants/firewalld.service.[root@localhost /]#