首页 > 系统 > iOS > 正文

Objective-C中使用NSString类操作字符串的方法小结

2019-10-21 18:56:17
字体:
来源:转载
供稿:网友
这篇文章主要介绍了Objective-C中使用NSString类操作字符串的方法小结,文中讲到了字符串的分割和拼接等一些常见的用法,需要的朋友可以参考下
 

一、字符串切割
1、带节点的字符串,如@"<p>讨厌的节点<br/></p>"我们只想要中间的中文

处理方法:

复制代码代码如下:

NSString *string1 = @"<p>讨厌的节点<br/></p>";
 
/*此处将不想要的字符全部放进characterSet1中,不需另外加逗号或空格之类的,除非字符串中有你想要去除的空格,此处< p /等都是单独存在,不作为整个字符*/
 
NSCharacterSet *characterSet1 = [NSCharacterSet characterSetWithCharactersInString:@"<p/brh>"];
 
// 将string1按characterSet1中的元素分割成数组
 
NSArray *array1 = [string1 componentsSeparatedByCharactersInSet:characterSet1];
 
NSLog(@"array = %@",array1);
 
for(NSString *string1 in array1)
{
    if ([string1 length]>0) {
         
        // 此处string即为中文字符串
 
        NSLog(@"string = %@",string1);
    }
}

打印结果:

 

2016-01-17 10:55:34.017 string[17634:303] array = ( "", "", "", "/U8ba8/U538c/U7684/U8282/U70b9", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "")2016-01-17 10:55:34.049 string[17634:303] string = 讨厌的节点

2、带空格的字符串,如

@"hello world"去掉空格

复制代码代码如下:

NSString *string2 = @"hello world";
 
/*处理空格*/
 
NSCharacterSet *characterSet2 = [NSCharacterSet whitespaceCharacterSet];
 
// 将string1按characterSet1中的元素分割成数组
NSArray *array2 = [string2 componentsSeparatedByCharactersInSet:characterSet2];
 
NSLog(@"/narray = %@",array2);
 
// 用来存放处理后的字符串
NSMutableString *newString1 = [NSMutableString string];
 
for(NSString *string in array1)
{
    [newString1 appendString:string];
}
NSLog(@"newString = %@", newString1);

打印结果:

 

2016-01-17 11:02:49.656 string[17889:303] array = ( hello, world)2016-01-17 11:02:49.657 string[17889:303] newString = helloworld

PS:处理字母等其他元素只需将NSCharacterSet的值改变即可。

 

复制代码代码如下:

+ (id)controlCharacterSet;
 
+ (id)whitespaceCharacterSet;
 
+ (id)whitespaceAndNewlineCharacterSet;
 
+ (id)decimalDigitCharacterSet;
 
+ (id)letterCharacterSet;
 
+ (id)lowercaseLetterCharacterSet;
 
+ (id)uppercaseLetterCharacterSet;
 
+ (id)nonBaseCharacterSet;
 
+ (id)alphanumericCharacterSet;
 
+ (id)decomposableCharacterSet;
 
+ (id)illegalCharacterSet;
 
+ (id)punctuationCharacterSet;
 
+ (id)capitalizedLetterCharacterSet;
 
+ (id)symbolCharacterSet;
 
+ (id)newlineCharacterSet NS_AVAILABLE(10_5, 2_0);
 
+ (id)characterSetWithRange:(NSRange)aRange;
 
+ (id)characterSetWithCharactersInString:(NSString *)aString;
 
+ (id)characterSetWithBitmapRepresentation:(NSData *)data;
 
+ (id)characterSetWithContentsOfFile:(NSString *)fName;

 

二、用字符将NSArray中的元素拼接起来

 

复制代码代码如下:

NSArray *array = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"hello",@"world",nil];
 
//如要用,:等字符串拼接,只需将下面的@" "空格换成@","或@":"即可
NSString *string = [array componentsJoinedByString:@" "];
 
NSLog(@"string = %@",string);

打印结果:

 

hello world

三、截取子串:

这里以获取时间为例,利用NSDate获取到当前时间时,有时候只需要日期或者只需要时间

1、从字符串开头截取到指定的位置,如

复制代码代码如下:

//获取到当前日期时间    
NSDate *date = [NSDate date];
         
//定义日期格式,此处不重点讨论NSDate,故不详细说明,在后面会详细讨论       
NSDateFormatter *dateformatter = [[NSDateFormatter alloc] init];
         
//设置日期格式        
[dateformatter setDateFormat:@"YYYY-MM-dd HH:mm"];
         
//将日期转换成NSString类型      
NSString *string = [dateformatter stringFromDate:date];
NSLog(@"/ncurrent = %@",string);
                
//截取日期substringToIndex 
NSString *currentDate = [string substringToIndex:10];
                 
NSLog(@"/ncurrentDate = %@",currentDate);

打印结果:

 

current = 2016-01-1711:12currentDate = 2016-01-17

2、抽取中间子串-substringWithRange

复制代码代码如下:

//截取月日
NSString *currentMonthAndDate = [string substringWithRange:[NSMakeRange(5, 5)]];
         
NSLog(@"currentMonthAndDate = %@",currentMonthAndDate);

打印结果:

 

currentMonthAndDate = 06-27

3、从某一位置开始截取- substringFromIndex

 

复制代码代码如下:

//截取时间substringFromIndex
NSString *currentTime = [string substringFromIndex:11];
         
NSLog(@"/ncurrentTime = %@",currentTime);/

打印结果:

 

currentTime = 11:25

四、比较字符串

复制代码代码如下:

NSString *first = @"string";
NSString *second = @"String";

1、判断两个字符串是否相同-isEqualToString方法
复制代码代码如下:

BOOL isEqual = [first isEqualToString:second];
 
NSLog(@"first is Equal to second:%@",isEqual);

打印结果:

 

first is Equal to second:0

2、compare方法比较字符串三个值

复制代码代码如下:

NSOrderedSame//是否相同
NSOrderedAscending//升序,按字母顺序比较,大于为真
NSOrderedDescending//降序,按字母顺序比较,小于为真

 

BOOL result = [first compare:sencond] == NSOrderedSame;    
NSLog(@"result:%d",result);

 


打印结果:

 

result:0 

 

复制代码代码如下:

 

BOOL result = [first compare:second] == NSOrderedAscending;    
NSLog(@"result:%d",result);


打印结果:

 

result:0

 

复制代码代码如下:

 

BOOL result = [first compare:second] == NSOrderedDecending; NSLog(@"result:%d",result);

 

 

打印结果:

result:1

3、不考虑大小写比较字符串

复制代码代码如下:

BOOL result = [first compare:second
                     options:NSCaseInsensitiveSearch | NSNumericSearch] == NSOrderedSame;
NSLog(@"result:%d",result);

打印结果:

 

result:1

五、改变字符串大小写

复制代码代码如下:

NSString *aString = @"A String"; 
NSString *string = @"String"; 
//大写
NSLog(@"aString:%@",[aString uppercaseString]);
//小写
NSLog(@"string:%@",[string lowercaseString]);
//首字母大小写
NSLog(@"string:%@",[string capitalizedString]);

打印结果:

 

aString:A STRINGstring:stringstring:String

六、在字符串中搜索子串

复制代码代码如下:

NSString *string1 = @"This is a string";
NSString *string2 = @"string";
NSRange range = [string1 rangeOfString:string2];
NSUInteger location = range.location;
NSUInteger leight = range.length;
NSString *astring = [[NSString alloc] initWithString:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"Location:%li,Leight:%li",location,leight]];
NSLog(@"astring:%@",astring);
[astring release];

打印结果:

 

astring:Location:10,Leight:6


注:相关教程知识阅读请移步到IOS开发频道。
发表评论 共有条评论
用户名: 密码:
验证码: 匿名发表