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简介Objective-C解析XML与JSON数据格式的方法

2019-10-21 18:56:13
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这篇文章主要介绍了Objective-C解析XML与JSON数据格式的方法,文中解析JSON包括拼接JSON字符串用到了SBJson这个解析器,需要的朋友可以参考下
 

解析XML
本文以解析本地XML为例,网络获取到的返回值只需转换成NSData型,解析是同理

需要解析的xml文件如下,users.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><AllUsers> <message>用户信息</message> <user>  <name>芳仔小脚印</name>  <age>10</age>  <school>JiangSu University</school> </user> <user>  <name>毒虫</name>  <age>22</age>  <school>NanJing University</school> </user> <user>  <name>女神</name>  <age>23</age>  <school>HongKong University</school> </user></AllUsers>

我们用一个数组来存放,最终数据结构为

(    {    message = "用户信息";  },    {    age = 10;    name = "芳仔小脚印";    school = "JiangSu University";  },    {    age = 22;    name = "毒虫";    school = "NanJing University";  },    {    age = 23;    name = "女神";    school = "HongKong University";  })

解析步骤

一、声明代理 NSXMLParserDelegate

二、解析

复制代码代码如下:

// 遇到节点message和user时作为一个字典存放
    NSArray *keyElements = [[NSArray alloc] initWithObjects:@"message",@"user", nil];
    // 需要解析的字段
    NSArray *rootElements = [[NSArray alloc] initWithObjects:@"message",@"name",@"age",@"school", nil];
    // 获取xml文件的路径
    NSString *xmlPath = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"users" ofType:@"xml"];
    // 转化为Data
    NSData *data = [[NSData alloc] initWithContentsOfFile:xmlPath];
     
    // 初始化
    NSXMLParser *xmlParser = [[NSXMLParser alloc] initWithData:data];
     
    // 代理
    xmlParser.delegate = self;
    // 开始解析
    BOOL flag = [xmlParser parse];
    if (flag) {
        NSLog(@"解析成功");
    }
    else{
        NSLog(@"解析出错");
    }

中间变量,在.m的interface的中定义
复制代码代码如下:

NSString *currentElement;
     
    NSString *currentValue;
     
    NSMutableDictionary *rootDic;
     
    NSMutableArray *finalArray;

代理方法
复制代码代码如下:

#pragma - mark 开始解析时
-(void)parserDidStartDocument:(NSXMLParser *)parser
{
    // 用数组存储每一组信息
    finalArray = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];
     
     
}
#pragma - mark 发现节点时
-(void)parser:(NSXMLParser *)parser didStartElement:(NSString *)elementName namespaceURI:(NSString *)namespaceURI qualifiedName:(NSString *)qName attributes:(NSDictionary *)attributeDict
{
    for(NSString *key in self.keyElements){
        if ([elementName isEqualToString:key]) {
            // 关键节点开始时,初始化一个字典来存放值
            rootDic = nil;
             
            rootDic = [[NSMutableDictionary alloc] initWithCapacity:0];
             
        }
        else {
            for(NSString *element in self.rootElements){
                if ([element isEqualToString:element]) {
                    currentElement = elementName;
                    currentValue = [NSString string];
                }
            }
        }
    }
     
}
#pragma - mark 发现节点值时
 
-(void)parser:(NSXMLParser *)parser foundCharacters:(NSString *)string
{
     
    if (currentElement) {
 
        currentValue = string;
        [rootDic setObject:string forKey:currentElement];
    }
     
}
#pragma - mark 结束节点时
-(void)parser:(NSXMLParser *)parser didEndElement:(NSString *)elementName namespaceURI:(NSString *)namespaceURI qualifiedName:(NSString *)qName
{
    if (currentElement) {
        [rootDic setObject:currentValue forKey:currentElement];
        currentElement = nil;
        currentValue = nil;
    }
    for(NSString *key in self.keyElements){
 
        if ([elementName isEqualToString:key]) {
            // 关键节点结束时,将字典存放在数组中
            if (rootDic) {
 
                [finalArray addObject:rootDic];
            }
        }
    }
}
#pragma - mark 结束解析
-(void)parserDidEndDocument:(NSXMLParser *)parser
{
     
}

解析完成后,打印出finalArray为

 

( {  message = "/U7528/U6237/U4fe1/U606f"; }, {  age = 10;  name = "/U82b3/U4ed4/U5c0f/U811a/U5370";  school = "JiangSu University"; }, {  age = 22;  name = "/U6bd2/U866b";  school = "NanJing University"; }, {  age = 23;  name = "/U5973/U795e";  school = "HongKong University"; })
 

使用SBJson拼接和解析json
1.ios解析json 

使用开源json包,项目地址: 
http://www.superloopy.io/json-framework/

复制代码代码如下:

NSData * responseData = [respones responseData]; 
      
     NSString * strResponser = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:responseData encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]; 
SBJsonParser * parser = [[SBJsonParser alloc]init]; 
     NSMutableDictionary *dicMessageInfo = [parser objectWithString:strResponser]; // 解析成json解析对象 
[parser release]; 
     //发送者 
     NSString * sender = [dicMessageInfo objectForKey:@"sender"]; 

2.json嵌套对象解析: 
复制代码代码如下:

//要上传的字符串 
    NSString *dataStr=[[NSString alloc] initWithString:@"{/"cross/":{/"1/":/"true/",/"2/":/"false/",/"3/":/"true/"}}"]; 
//获取响应返回字符串 
NSData * responseData = [respones responseData]; 
        
        NSString * strResponser = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:responseData encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]; 
//嵌套解析 
SBJsonParser * parser = [[SBJsonParser alloc]init]; 
            
            NSMutableDictionary *dicMessageInfo = [parser objectWithString:strResponser]; // 解析成json解析对象 
            
            NSMutableDictionary * cross = [dicMessageInfo objectForKey:@"cross"]; 
            
            NSString *cross1= [cross objectForKey:@"1"]; 
            //解析json到各个字符串 
            //发送者 
            [parser release]; 
            NSLog(@"cross1: %@",cross1); 

3.拼接json字符串

 

通过使用SBJson中的SBJsonWriter类的方法- (NSString*)stringWithObject:(id)value可以将一个对象中的值格式化为json字符串,符合key/value格式的数据封装到NSDictionary后可以使用该方法进行格式化,其他数据通过拼接字符串的方式格式化。 
在拼接过程中可以使用类NSMutableString的方法:

复制代码代码如下:

- (void)appendString:(NSString *)aString;、 
- (void)appendFormat:(NSString *)format, ... NS_FORMAT_FUNCTION(1,2); 

动态添加字符串。 
拼接的字符串可通过json在线验证的方式验证其格式是否正确,网址为: 
http://jsonlint.com/ 
复制代码代码如下:

-(NSString *) getJsonString 

    NSMutableString *json = [NSMutableString stringWithCapacity:128]; 
    NSString *jsonString=nil; 
    SBJsonWriter *writer = [[SBJsonWriter alloc] init]; 
    [json appendString:@"{/"data/":{"]; 
    [json appendFormat:@"/"%@/":/"%d/",",@"reset",reset]; 
    if(missionStatus!=NULL) 
    { 
        jsonString=[writer stringWithObject:status]; 
        if(jsonString!=NULL) 
        { 
            [json appendString:@"/"status/":"]; 
            [json appendString:jsonString]; 
        } 
    } 
    [json appendString:@"}}"]; 
    return json; 

4.利用多个NSDictionary,拼接多层嵌套的json字符串,减少因手工拼接忘记加引号导致的json格式错误 
示例代码: 
复制代码代码如下:

NSDictionary *dataDictionary= [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:mac,@"mac", 
                                   game,@"game", 
                                   devicetoken,@"devicetoken", 
                                   device,@"device", 
                                   gv,@"gv", 
                                   lang,@"lang", 
                                   os,@"os", 
                                   hardware,@"hardware", 
                                   down,@"down",nil]; 
    NSDictionary *parmDictionary= [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:@"getSession",@"act", 
                                   dataDictionary,@"data",nil]; 
    NSDictionary *jsonDictionary=[NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:pv,@"pv", 
                                  parmDictionary,@"param",nil]; 
    SBJsonWriter *writer = [[SBJsonWriter alloc] init]; 
    
    NSString *jsonString=nil; 
    jsonString=[writer stringWithObject:jsonDictionary]; 
    NSLog(@"%@",jsonString); 


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