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iOS中的地理位置的获取及plist设置方法

2019-10-21 18:41:48
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1、在前台的时候获取地理位置信息

ios 8/9

在info.plist中配置NSLocationWhenInUseUsageDescription的值,否则上面的方法无效

调用.requestWhenInUseAuthorization()获取前台获取地理位置权限

调用.startUpdatingLocation()

代码示例

class ViewController: UIViewController { lazy var locateM : CLLocationManager = {  let locate = CLLocationManager()  locate.delegate = self  locate.requestWhenInUseAuthorization()  return locate }() override func touchesBegan(touches: Set<UITouch>, withEvent event: UIEvent?) {  self.locateM.startUpdatingLocation() }}extension ViewController : CLLocationManagerDelegate{ func locationManager(manager: CLLocationManager, didUpdateLocations locations: [CLLocation]) {  print("位置信息已经更新") }}

2、前后台获取,但是后台获取的时候,屏幕上方有蓝框提示用户正在后台获取

ios8

调用.requestWhenInUseAuthorization()获取前台获取地理位置权限

在info.plist中配置NSLocationWhenInUseUsageDescription的值,否则上面的方法无效

设置Capabilities>BackgroundModes>Location Updates 打对勾

调用.startUpdatingLocation()

ios9

调用.requestWhenInUseAuthorization()获取前台获取地理位置权限

设置 .allowsBackgroundLocationUpdates = true (ios 9需要执行)

在info.plist中配置NSLocationWhenInUseUsageDescription的值,否则上面的方法无效

设置Capabilities>BackgroundModes>Location Updates 打对勾 (如果第二步做了,此步没做,直接crash)

调用.startUpdatingLocation()

ios8/ios9可以后台蓝框定位的代码示例:

class ViewController: UIViewController { lazy var locateM : CLLocationManager = {  let locate = CLLocationManager()  locate.delegate = self  locate.requestWhenInUseAuthorization()  if #available(iOS 9.0, *) {   locate.allowsBackgroundLocationUpdates = true  }  return locate }() override func touchesBegan(touches: Set<UITouch>, withEvent event: UIEvent?) {  self.locateM.startUpdatingLocation() }}extension ViewController : CLLocationManagerDelegate{ func locationManager(manager: CLLocationManager, didUpdateLocations locations: [CLLocation]) {  print("位置信息已经更新") }}

3、后台获取,后台获取的时候,屏幕上方无蓝框提示

调用.requestAlwaysAuthorization()获取前台获取地理位置权限

在info.plist中配置NSLocationAlwaysUsageDescription的值,否则上面的方法无效

设置 .allowsBackgroundLocationUpdates = true (ios 9需要执行)

设置Capabilities>BackgroundModes>Location Updates 打对勾 (本步骤在ios 8中可以不做设置,但是在ios9中如果第三步做了,而此步没有做,直接crash)

调用.startUpdatingLocation()

代码示例

class ViewController: UIViewController { lazy var locateM : CLLocationManager = {  let locate = CLLocationManager()  locate.delegate = self  locate.requestAlwaysAuthorization()  if #available(iOS 9.0, *) {   locate.allowsBackgroundLocationUpdates = true  }  return locate }() override func touchesBegan(touches: Set<UITouch>, withEvent event: UIEvent?) {  self.locateM.startUpdatingLocation() }}extension ViewController : CLLocationManagerDelegate{ func locationManager(manager: CLLocationManager, didUpdateLocations locations: [CLLocation]) {  print("位置信息已经更新") }}

4、权限改变的通知

注意:在Denied或者NotDetermined的状态下startUpdatingLocation,开始监听之后,当状态改变成允许的状态时,会直接进入监听状态,不必再次调用startUpdateingLocation

func locationManager(manager: CLLocationManager, didChangeAuthorizationStatus status: CLAuthorizationStatus) {  switch status {  case .AuthorizedAlways:   print("始终")  case .AuthorizedWhenInUse:   print("使用的时候")  case .Denied:   print("拒绝")   if CLLocationManager.locationServicesEnabled() {    print("真拒绝了")   }else{    print("是关闭了定位服务")   }  case .NotDetermined:   print("第一次,尚未决定")  case .Restricted:   print("没有权限的")  } }

5、过滤距离

很多时候我们需要监听函数只调用一次来获取用户当前的位置

在监听函数中停止监听

设置监听的过滤距离

//如果监听器已经开启,此值修改之后立即生效self.locateM.distanceFilter = 100 //每100米,调用一次监听

6、精度

注意:越精确越耗电,定位的时间越长,如果要定位城市,没有必要选最精确的

self.locateM.desiredAccuracy = kCLLocationAccuracyBest //kCLLocationAccuracyBestForNavigation //kCLLocationAccuracyBest //kCLLocationAccuracyNearestTenMeters //kCLLocationAccuracyHundredMeters //kCLLocationAccuracyKilometer //kCLLocationAccuracyThreeKilometers

7.CLLocation详解

public var coordinate: CLLocationCoordinate2D { get }  //经纬度public var altitude: CLLocationDistance { get }   //海拔public var horizontalAccuracy: CLLocationAccuracy { get } //位置信息是否有效,如果为负数,则无效 public var verticalAccuracy: CLLocationAccuracy { get } //海拔数据是否有效,如果为负数,则无效 public var course: CLLocationDirection { get }   //当前的角度(0-359.9)public var speed: CLLocationSpeed { get }     //当前的速度  public var timestamp: NSDate { get }      //位置确定的时间戳  public var floor: CLFloor? { get }      //楼层(前提是已经注册的建筑),如果没有为nil  //计算两个经纬度之间的距离  public func distanceFromLocation(location: CLLocation) -> CLLocationDistance

8、指南针小例子

class ViewController: UIViewController { @IBOutlet weak var mImageView: UIImageView! lazy var locateM : CLLocationManager = {  let locate = CLLocationManager()  locate.delegate = self  locate.requestAlwaysAuthorization()  if #available(iOS 9.0, *) {   locate.allowsBackgroundLocationUpdates = true  }  return locate }() override func viewDidLoad() {  super.viewDidLoad()  if(CLLocationManager.headingAvailable()){   self.locateM.startUpdatingHeading()  }else{   print("当前磁力计有问题")  }  }}extension ViewController : CLLocationManagerDelegate{ func locationManager(manager: CLLocationManager, didUpdateHeading newHeading: CLHeading) {  //1.拿到当前设备对正朝向的角度  let angle = newHeading.magneticHeading  //2.把角度转换成弧度  let hudu = CGFloat(angle / 180 * M_PI)  //3.反向旋转照片  UIView.animateWithDuration(0.5) {    self.mImageView.transform = CGAffineTransformMakeRotation(-hudu)  } }}

9、区域的监听

class ViewController: UIViewController { lazy var locateM : CLLocationManager = {  let locate = CLLocationManager()  locate.delegate = self  locate.requestAlwaysAuthorization()  if #available(iOS 9.0, *) {   locate.allowsBackgroundLocationUpdates = true  }  return locate }() override func viewDidLoad() {  super.viewDidLoad()  //首先应该判断当前是否可以监听某个区域  if CLLocationManager.isMonitoringAvailableForClass(CLCircularRegion){   //1.创建区域   let center = CLLocationCoordinate2DMake(21.123, 121.345)   var distance : CLLocationDistance = 1000   //限制监听的范围不能超过最大的范围   if distance < locateM.maximumRegionMonitoringDistance{    distance = locateM.maximumRegionMonitoringDistance   }   let region = CLCircularRegion(center: center, radius: distance, identifier: "xiaoxiao")   //2.监听区域   self.locateM.startMonitoringForRegion(region)   //3.判断当前状态是否是在区域内还是区域外,   //在`didDetermineState`代理方法中获得结果   self.locateM.requestStateForRegion(region)  } }}extension ViewController : CLLocationManagerDelegate{ func locationManager(manager: CLLocationManager, didEnterRegion region: CLRegion) {  print("进入了区域"+region.identifier) } func locationManager(manager: CLLocationManager, didExitRegion region: CLRegion) {  print("出了区域"+region.identifier) } func locationManager(manager: CLLocationManager, didDetermineState state: CLRegionState, forRegion region: CLRegion) {  //获取刚开始是否在区域内或者区域外  if region.identifier == "xiaoxiao"{   switch state {   case .Inside:    print("已经是区域内的")   case .Outside:    print("没有在区域内")   case .Unknown:    print("不清楚")   }  } }}

10、地理编码与反地理编码

地理编码

let geoCoder = CLGeocoder()geoCoder.geocodeAddressString("广州") { (pls:[CLPlacemark]?, error : NSError?) in if error == nil{  print("地址编码成功")  print(pls?.last?.location) }else{  print("错误 /(error)") }  }

打印

地址编码成功

Optional(<+23.12517800,+113.28063700> +/- 100.00m (speed -1.00 mps / course -1.00) @ 8/14/16, 9:49:22 PM China Standard Time)

反地理编码

let geoCoder = CLGeocoder()geoCoder.reverseGeocodeLocation(CLLocation(latitude:23.125,longitude: 113.280)) { (pls:[CLPlacemark]?, error:NSError?) in   if error == nil{    print("地址反编码成功 城市:/(pls?.last?.locality)")    print(pls?.last?.addressDictionary)   }else{    print("错误 /(error)")   }  }

打印

地址反编码成功 城市:Optional("Guangzhou")

Optional([SubLocality: Yuexiu, Street: Yunhai Tongjin No.11, State: Guangdong, CountryCode: CN, Thoroughfare: Yunhai Tongjin No.11, Name: Luo Sangmeidi, Country: China, FormattedAddressLines: <__NSArrayM 0x7ff1da5652d0>(Yunhai Tongjin No.11 Yuexiu,Guangzhou,Guangdong China), City: Guangzhou])

注意同一个CLGeocoder对象,不能同时编码与反编码

比如

let geoCoder = CLGeocoder()geoCoder.geocodeAddressString("广州") { (pls:[CLPlacemark]?, error : NSError?) in ...}geoCoder.reverseGeocodeLocation(CLLocation(latitude:23.125,longitude: 113.280)) { (pls:[CLPlacemark]?, error:NSError?) in ... }

这样只会打印第一个编码成功的结果

11、CLPlacemark对象详解

@NSCopying public var location: CLLocation? { get }    //经纬度@NSCopying public var region: CLRegion? { get }     //所关联的地理区域@available(iOS 9.0, *)@NSCopying public var timeZone: NSTimeZone? { get }    //时间域public var addressDictionary: [NSObject : AnyObject]? { get } //详细地址信息//addressDictionary中的属性public var name: String? { get }     //名字 public var thoroughfare: String? { get }   //街道名字public var subThoroughfare: String? { get }  //子街道名字public var locality: String? { get }    //城市名称public var subLocality: String? { get }   //邻城市名称public var administrativeArea: String? { get }  //行政区域 比如:CApublic var subAdministrativeArea: String? { get } //子行政区域public var postalCode: String? { get }    //邮政编码public var ISOcountryCode: String? { get }   //国家代码表public var country: String? { get }    //国家public var inlandWater: String? { get }   //内陆水域public var ocean: String? { get }     //海洋public var areasOfInterest: [String]? { get }  //兴趣点

以上这篇iOS中的地理位置的获取及plist设置方法就是小编分享给大家的全部内容了,希望能给大家一个参考,也希望大家多多支持VEVB武林网。


注:相关教程知识阅读请移步到IOS开发频道。
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