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html5新增的定时器requestAnimationFrame实现进度条功能

2024-09-05 07:19:06
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在requestAnimationFrame出现之前,我们一般都用setTimeout和setInterval,那么html5为什么新增一个requestAnimationFrame,他的出现是为了解决什么问题?

优势与特点:

1)requestAnimationFrame会把每一帧中的所有DOM操作集中起来,在一次重绘或回流中就完成,并且重绘或回流的时间间隔紧紧跟随浏览器的刷新频率

2)在隐藏或不可见的元素中,requestAnimationFrame将不会进行重绘或回流,这当然就意味着更少的CPU、GPU和内存使用量

3)requestAnimationFrame是由浏览器专门为动画提供的API,在运行时浏览器会自动优化方法的调用,并且如果页面不是激活状态下的话,动画会自动暂停,有效节省了CPU开销

一句话就是:这玩意性能高,不会卡屏,根据不同的浏览器自动调整帧率。如果看不懂或者不理解,也没有什么关系,这玩意跟浏览器渲染原理有关。我们先学会使用它!

如何使用requestAnimationFrame?

使用方式跟定时器setTimeout差不多,不同之处在于,他不需要设置时间间隔参数

     var timer = requestAnimationFrame( function(){            console.log( '定时器代码' );        } );

参数是一个回调函数,返回值是一个整数,用来表示定时器的编号.

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head>    <meta charset="UTF-8">    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">    <title>Document</title>    <script>        window.onload = function(){            var aInput = document.querySelectorAll( "input" ),                timer = null;            aInput[0].onclick = function(){                timer = requestAnimationFrame( function say(){                    console.log( 1 );                    timer = requestAnimationFrame( say );                } );            };            aInput[1].onclick = function(){                cancelAnimationFrame( timer );            }        }    </script></head><body>    <input type="button" value="开启">    <input type="button" value="关闭"></body></html>

cancelAnimationFrame用来关闭定时器

这个方法需要处理兼容:

 简单的兼容:

 window.requestAnimFrame = (function(){  return  window.requestAnimationFrame       ||          window.webkitRequestAnimationFrame ||          window.mozRequestAnimationFrame    ||          function( callback ){            window.setTimeout(callback, 1000 / 60);          };})();

如果浏览器都不认识AnimationFrame,就用setTimeout兼容.

运用3种不同的定时器(setTimeout, setInterval, requestAnimationFrame)实现一个进度条的加载

一、setInterval方式:

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head>    <meta charset="UTF-8">    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">    <title>Document</title>    <style>        div{            width:0px;            height:40px;            border-radius:20px;            background:#09f;            text-align:center;            font:bold 30px/40px '微软雅黑';            color:white;        }    </style>    <script>        window.onload = function(){            var oBtn = document.querySelector( "input" ),                oBox = document.querySelector( "div" ),                timer = null, curWidth = 0,                getStyle = function( obj, name, value ){                    if( obj.currentStyle ) {                        return obj.currentStyle[name];                    }else {                        return getComputedStyle( obj, false )[name];                    }                };            oBtn.onclick = function(){                clearInterval( timer );                oBox.style.width = '0';                timer = setInterval( function(){                    curWidth = parseInt( getStyle( oBox, 'width' ) );                    if ( curWidth < 1000 ) {                        oBox.style.width = oBox.offsetWidth + 10 + 'px';                        oBox.innerHTML = parseInt( getStyle( oBox, 'width' ) ) / 10 + '%';                    }else {                        clearInterval( timer );                    }                }, 1000 / 60 );            }        }    </script></head><body>    <div>0%</div>    <p><input type="button" value="ready!Go"></p></body></html>

二、setTimeout方式

<script>        window.onload = function(){            var oBtn = document.querySelector( "input" ),                oBox = document.querySelector( "div" ),                timer = null, curWidth = 0,                getStyle = function( obj, name, value ){                    if( obj.currentStyle ) {                        return obj.currentStyle[name];                    }else {                        return getComputedStyle( obj, false )[name];                    }                };            oBtn.onclick = function(){                clearTimeout( timer );                oBox.style.width = '0';                timer = setTimeout( function go(){                    curWidth = parseInt( getStyle( oBox, 'width' ) );                    if ( curWidth < 1000 ) {                        oBox.style.width = oBox.offsetWidth + 10 + 'px';                        oBox.innerHTML = parseInt( getStyle( oBox, 'width' ) ) / 10 + '%';                        timer = setTimeout( go, 1000 / 60 );                    }else {                        clearInterval( timer );                    }                }, 1000 / 60 );            }        }    </script>

    三、requestAnimationFrame方式   

 <!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head>    <meta charset="UTF-8">    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">    <title>Document</title>    <style>        div{            width:0px;            height:40px;            border-radius:20px;            background:#09f;            text-align:center;            font:bold 30px/40px '微软雅黑';            color:white;        }    </style>    <script>        window.onload = function(){            var oBtn = document.querySelector( "input" ),                oBox = document.querySelector( "div" ),                timer = null, curWidth = 0,                getStyle = function( obj, name, value ){                    if( obj.currentStyle ) {                        return obj.currentStyle[name];                    }else {                        return getComputedStyle( obj, false )[name];                    }                };            oBtn.onclick = function(){                cancelAnimationFrame( timer );                oBox.style.width = '0';                timer = requestAnimationFrame( function go(){                    curWidth = parseInt( getStyle( oBox, 'width' ) );                    if ( curWidth < 1000 ) {                        oBox.style.width = oBox.offsetWidth + 10 + 'px';                        oBox.innerHTML = parseInt( getStyle( oBox, 'width' ) ) / 10 + '%';                        timer = requestAnimationFrame( go );                    }else {                        cancelAnimationFrame( timer );                    }                } );            }        }    </script></head><body>    <div>0%</div>    <p><input type="button" value="ready!Go"></p></body></html>

 

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