mac下安装和配置mongodb的步骤详解

2020-10-29 18:45:52

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MongoDB是什么

MongoDB是一个基于分布式文件存储的数据库。由C++语言编写。旨在为WEB应用提供可扩展的高性能数据存储解决方案。

他的特点:高性能、易部署、易使用，存储数据非常方便。

本文主要给大家介绍了在mac下安装和配置mongodb的步骤，分享出来供大家参考学习，下面话不多说，来一起看看详细的介绍：

备注：本文相关源码可在文末下载！

安装 mongodb

install 之前，iTerm2 下用 brew 查看已安装软件、搜索 mongodb：

brew listbrew search mongodb

安装 mongodb :

brew install mongodb

此处需要稍等一段时间，成功后会输出以下即说明安装成功：

$ brew install mongodbUpdating Homebrew...==> Downloading https://homebrew.bintray.com/bottles/mongodb-3.4.0.sierra.bottle.1.tar.gz######################################################################## 100.0%==> Pouring mongodb-3.4.0.sierra.bottle.1.tar.gz==> CaveatsTo have launchd start mongodb now and restart at login: brew services start mongodbOr, if you don't want/need a background service you can just run: mongod --config /usr/local/etc/mongod.conf==> Summary🍺 /usr/local/Cellar/mongodb/3.4.0: 17 files, 261.4M

启动 mongodb

新建一个 iTerm2 窗口，执行 mongod 尝试启动 mongodb 但会失败 exiting：

$ mongod2017-06-12T15:51:49.810+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] MongoDB starting : pid=1765 port=27017 dbpath=/data/db 64-bit host=MacBook-Pro-2.local2017-06-12T15:51:49.810+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] db version v3.4.02017-06-12T15:51:49.810+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] git version: f4240c60f005be757399042dc12f6addbc3170c12017-06-12T15:51:49.810+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] OpenSSL version: OpenSSL 1.0.2j 26 Sep 20162017-06-12T15:51:49.810+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] allocator: system2017-06-12T15:51:49.810+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] modules: none2017-06-12T15:51:49.810+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] build environment:2017-06-12T15:51:49.810+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] distarch: x86_642017-06-12T15:51:49.810+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] target_arch: x86_642017-06-12T15:51:49.810+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] options: {}2017-06-12T15:51:49.811+0800 I STORAGE [initandlisten] exception in initAndListen: 29 Data directory /data/db not found., terminating2017-06-12T15:51:49.811+0800 I NETWORK [initandlisten] shutdown: going to close listening sockets...2017-06-12T15:51:49.811+0800 I NETWORK [initandlisten] shutdown: going to flush diaglog...2017-06-12T15:51:49.811+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] now exiting2017-06-12T15:51:49.811+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] shutting down with code:100

启动 mongodb 之前，要先新建一个mongodb默认的数据写入目录：

$ mkdir -p /data/dbmkdir: /data/db: Permission denied (没有权限拒绝访问)// sudo 并输入密码，重新新建目录$ sudo mkdir -p /data/dbPassword:

给刚才新建的数据库目录赋予权限：

$ sudo chown -R guojc /data

此时，执行 mongod 启动 mongodb 服务：

$ mongod2017-06-12T16:00:48.036+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] MongoDB starting : pid=1837 port=27017 dbpath=/data/db 64-bit host=MacBook-Pro-2.local2017-06-12T16:00:48.037+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] db version v3.4.02017-06-12T16:00:48.037+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] git version: f4240c60f005be757399042dc12f6addbc3170c12017-06-12T16:00:48.037+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] OpenSSL version: OpenSSL 1.0.2j 26 Sep 20162017-06-12T16:00:48.037+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] allocator: system2017-06-12T16:00:48.037+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] modules: none2017-06-12T16:00:48.037+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] build environment:2017-06-12T16:00:48.037+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] distarch: x86_642017-06-12T16:00:48.037+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] target_arch: x86_642017-06-12T16:00:48.037+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] options: {}2017-06-12T16:00:48.037+0800 I STORAGE [initandlisten] wiredtiger_open config: create,cache_size=3584M,session_max=20000,eviction=(threads_max=4),config_base=false,statistics=(fast),log=(enabled=true,archive=true,path=journal,compressor=snappy),file_manager=(close_idle_time=100000),checkpoint=(wait=60,log_size=2GB),statistics_log=(wait=0),2017-06-12T16:00:48.616+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten]2017-06-12T16:00:48.616+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** WARNING: Access control is not enabled for the database.2017-06-12T16:00:48.616+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] **  Read and write access to data and configuration is unrestricted.2017-06-12T16:00:48.616+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten]2017-06-12T16:00:48.665+0800 I FTDC [initandlisten] Initializing full-time diagnostic data capture with directory '/data/db/diagnostic.data'2017-06-12T16:00:48.741+0800 I INDEX [initandlisten] build index on: admin.system.version properties: { v: 2, key: { version: 1 }, name: "incompatible_with_version_32", ns: "admin.system.version" }2017-06-12T16:00:48.741+0800 I INDEX [initandlisten] building index using bulk method; build may temporarily use up to 500 megabytes of RAM2017-06-12T16:00:48.755+0800 I INDEX [initandlisten] build index done. scanned 0 total records. 0 secs2017-06-12T16:00:48.756+0800 I COMMAND [initandlisten] setting featureCompatibilityVersion to 3.42017-06-12T16:00:48.756+0800 I NETWORK [thread1] waiting for connections on port 27017

mongodb 启动成功，正等待着被连接。

新建 iTerm2 窗口，执行 mongo，进入 mongodb 命令行模式：

$ mongoMongoDB shell version v3.4.0connecting to: mongodb://127.0.0.1:27017MongoDB server version: 3.4.0Welcome to the MongoDB shell.For interactive help, type "help".For more comprehensive documentation, see http://docs.mongodb.org/Questions? Try the support group http://groups.google.com/group/mongodb-userServer has startup warnings:2017-06-12T16:00:48.616+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten]2017-06-12T16:00:48.616+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** WARNING: Access control is not enabled for the database.2017-06-12T16:00:48.616+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] **  Read and write access to data and configuration is unrestricted.2017-06-12T16:00:48.616+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten]>

继续在上面的终端输入 show dbs,会列出系统自带的2个数据库：

> show dbsadmin 0.000GBlocal 0.000GBhelp

小结一下，往后要重新启动 mongodb 服务、进入 mongodb 命令行的操作：

在一个iTerm2窗口执行：mongod //MongoDB starting........waiting for connections

另一个iTerm2窗口执行：mongo //MongoDB shell

插入数据

首先，在电脑根目录下安装 node 的数据驱动库：

# guojc @ MacBook-Pro-2 in ~ [16:29:33] C:127$ cnpm install mongodb

新建目录并编辑text.js文件: s3_mongodb/test.js:

var MongoClient = require('mongodb').MongoClient;// 连接数据库var url_test = 'mongodb://localhost:27017/test'; //数据库test本不存在，连接时会自动创建var insertData = function(db){ // 往test数据库里新建一个site集合，并插入一条数据 db.collection('site').insertOne({name: 'guojc', age: 99, hobby: 'movie'}, function(err, result){ console.log('inserted successly'); console.log(result); db.close(); console.log('close'); });}MongoClient.connect(url_test, function(err, db) { console.log('Connected successly to server.'); insertData(db);});

新建 iTerm2 窗口，运行 test.js：

node test.js

成功后，来到之前执行过 mongo 的 MongoDB shell 窗口，执行：

> show dbsadmin 0.000GBlocal 0.000GBtest 0.000GBhelp

继续执行：选中数据库test、显示test中的表，查询该表的所有数据：

> use testswitched to db test> show tablessite> db.site.find(){ "_id" : ObjectId("593e594ab4727b09349c33a6"), "name" : "guojc", "age" : 99, "hobby" : "movie" }

至此，mongodb的安装配置与基本启动就介绍完了。