前言
本文主要介绍了mongodb用户权限管理的相关内容，关于接着上次实践的部分，下面话不多说了，来一起看看详细的介绍吧
启动mongodb并连接
./bin/mongod -f conf/mongod.conf./bin/mongo 127.0.0.1:12345
查看默认的数据库情况
> show dbsadmin 0.000GBlocal 0.000GB> use adminswitched to db admin> show tablessystem.version
可以看到，目前数据库里除了一些基本信息，什么都没有
在创建设置用户权限之前，先了解一下文档知识
创建用户
# demodb.createUser( { user: "reportsUser", pwd: "12345678", roles: [ { role: "read", db: "reporting" }, { role: "read", db: "products" }, { role: "read", db: "sales" }, { role: "readWrite", db: "accounts" } ] })数据库内建角色
数据库用户角色
数据库管理角色
集群管理角色
备份恢复角色
所有数据库角色
超级用户角色
内部角色
有了创建语法，和参数说明，接下来开始实践.
注意，还有一点，账号是跟着数据库绑定的，在那个库里授权，就在那个库里验证(auth)
否则会失败
创建 账号管理授权权限 的账号
> db.createUser(... {... user: 'admin',... pwd: '123456',... roles: [{role: 'userAdminAnyDatabase', db: 'admin'}]... }... )Successfully added user: { "user" : "admin", "roles" : [ { "role" : "userAdminAnyDatabase", "db" : "admin" } ]}然后退出数据库
> use adminswitched to db admin> db.shutdownServer()
重新启动mongodb，记得在配置文件mongod.conf里加上 auth = true
./bin/mongod -f conf/mongod.conf./bin/mongo 127.0.0.1:12345> show dbs # 没有验证，没有权限，会出错"errmsg" : "not authorized on admin to execute command> use admin> db.auth('admin', '123456')1# 返回 1 表示授权成功，0表示失败> show dbs #已经授权，可以查看了创建 读、读写权限的账户
> use bookswitched to db book> db.createUser(... {... user: 'zhangsan',... pwd: 'zhangsan',... roles: [{role: 'read', db: 'book'}]... }... )Successfully added user: { "user" : "zhangsan", "roles" : [ { "role" : "read", "db" : "book" } ]}> db.createUser(... {... user: 'lisi',... pwd: 'lisi',... roles: [{role: 'readWrite', db: 'book'}]... }... )Successfully added user: { "user" : "lisi", "roles" : [ { "role" : "readWrite", "db" : "book" } ]}> show users{ "_id" : "book.lisi", "user" : "lisi", "db" : "book", "roles" : [ { "role" : "readWrite", "db" : "book" } ]}{ "_id" : "book.zhangsan", "user" : "zhangsan", "db" : "book", "roles" : [ { "role" : "read", "db" : "book" } ]}然后验证用户权限是否正确
> db.book.insert({book: '小人书'}) # 没验证，会出错WriteResult({ "writeError" : { "code" : 13, "errmsg" : "not authorized on book to execute command { insert: /"book/", documents: [ { _id: ObjectId('5959b56edcc047dfe5c9b336'), book: /"小人书/" } ], ordered: true }" }})> db.auth('lisi', 'lisi')1> db.book.insert({book: '小人书'})WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })> db.auth('zhangsan', 'zhangsan') # 用户切到 zhangsan1> db.book.find() # 可以查看{ "_id" : ObjectId("5959b59fdcc047dfe5c9b337"), "book" : "小人书" }> db.book.insert({book: '择天记'}) # 没有write权限，会失败WriteResult({ "writeError" : { "code" : 13, "errmsg" : "not authorized on book to execute command { insert: /"book/", documents: [ { _id: ObjectId('5959b650dcc047dfe5c9b338'), book: /"择天记/" } ], ordered: true }" }})创建 root 超级权限账号
这个超级权限包括 授权 和 操控数据库集合数据，比较简单，只需要把role设置成 root
> use adminswitched to db admin> db.auth('admin', '123456')1> db.createUser(... {... user: 'dongsheng',... pwd: '123456',... roles: [{role: 'root', db: 'admin'}]... }... )Successfully added user: { "user" : "dongsheng", "roles" : [ { "role" : "root", "db" : "admin" } ]}> db.auth('dongsheng', '123456')1> use bookswitched to db book> db.book.insert({book: '笑傲江湖'})WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })> db.book.find(){ "_id" : ObjectId("5959b59fdcc047dfe5c9b337"), "book" : "小人书" }{ "_id" : ObjectId("5959b7abdcc047dfe5c9b339"), "book" : "笑傲江湖" }总结
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