FreeBSD5.4Release X Windows 安装笔记 (Freebsd5.4R+Gnome2.10.0)

机器配置：

核心：P4/1.7G

主板：MSI845

内存：金士顿256*2

硬盘：迈拓40G

显卡：ATI Radeon 7500

显板：Samsung SyncMaster 753DFX

声卡：Creative Sound Blaster Live！

一、安装FreeBSD5.4Release

从http://www.freebsd.org/releases/5.4R/announce.html选择一个FTP服务器下载，然后刻成光盘。接下来从光盘安装，我的几点选项： 

1、选择软件包时选择最小化安装。

2、安装到ports时选择net-->cvsup，以便更新ports。 

二、配置FreeBSD 

1、配置/etc/rc.conf，我的rc.conf: 

hostname="gjf.jscpu.com"

defaultrouter="192.168.20.254"

ifconfig_rl0="inet 192.168.121.250 netmask 255.255.255.0"

ifconfig_rl1="inet 192.168.20.1 netmask 255.255.255.0"

inetd_enable="YES"

linux_enable="YES"

moused_enable="YES"

#sshd_enable="YES"

#usbd_enable="YES" 

2、配置/etc/resolv.conf，我的resolv.conf: 

domain  jscpu.com

nameserver      221.228.255.1

nameserver      218.2.135.1 

完成后重启机器。 

3、将光盘放入光驱中，安装ports和src 

#/stand/sysinstall

然后选择Configure-->Distributions，然后利用空格键选择src和ports两项，点install，安装完成后重启机器。 

4、启用ftp（后面上传文件用） 

#cd /etc

# ee inetd.conf

将ftp     stream  tcp     nowait  root    /usr/libexec/ftpd       ftpd -l一行的#号去掉。

保存后退出。 

三、升级ports 

#cp /usr/share/examples/cvsup/ports-supfile /etc/funpower

#cd /etc

# ee funpower

修改下面一行：

default host=cvsup2.FreeBSDChina.org

然后运行如下命令：

cvsup -g -L 2  funpower 

完成安装后重启机器。 

四、配置内核文件 

配置内核时每项说明可以参考这：http://people.freebsdchina.org/kinki/9.htm，配置中要加入对声卡的支持，关于如何安装声卡可以参考这：http://www.freebsd.org.cn/snap/doc/zh_CN.GB2312/books/handbook/sound-setup.html

下面是具体的操作： 

#cd /sys/i386/conf

#cp GENERIC funpower

#ee funpower 

我的内核文件如下： 

#

# GENERIC -- Generic kernel configuration file for FreeBSD/i386

#

# For more information on this file, please read the handbook section on

# Kernel Configuration Files:

#

#    http://www.FreeBSD.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/kernelconfig-config.html

#

# The handbook is also available locally in /usr/share/doc/handbook

# if you've installed the doc distribution, otherwise always see the

# FreeBSD World Wide Web server (http://www.FreeBSD.org/) for the

# latest information.

#

# An exhaustive list of options and more detailed explanations of the

# device lines is also present in the ../../conf/NOTES and NOTES files.

# If you are in doubt as to the purpose or necessity of a line, check first

# in NOTES.

#

# $FreeBSD: src/sys/i386/conf/GENERIC,v 1.413.2.13 2005/04/02 16:37:58 scottl Exp $

machine      i386

cpu             I686_CPU

ident           funpower

# To statically compile in device wiring instead of /boot/device.hints

#hints                  "GENERIC.hints"                 # Default places to look for devices.

options     SCHED_4BSD             # 4BSD scheduler

options     INET                            # InterNETworking

options     INET6                          # IPv6 communications protocols

options     FFS                     # Berkeley Fast Filesystem

options     SOFTUPDATES                  # Enable FFS soft updates support

options     UFS_ACL                    # Support for access control lists

options     UFS_DIRHASH          # Improve performance on big directories

options     MD_ROOT                          # MD is a potential root device

options     NFSCLIENT                # Network Filesystem Client

options     NFSSERVER               # Network Filesystem Server

options     NFS_ROOT                 # NFS usable as /, requires NFSCLIENT

options     MSDOSFS                            # MSDOS Filesystem

options     CD9660                        # ISO 9660 Filesystem

options     PROCFS                      # Process filesystem (requires PSEUDOFS)

options     PSEUDOFS                 # Pseudo-filesystem framework

options     GEOM_GPT               # GUID Partition Tables.

options     COMPAT_43              # Compatible with BSD 4.3 [KEEP THIS!]

options     COMPAT_FREEBSD4                 # Compatible with FreeBSD4

options     SCSI_DELAY=15000  # Delay (in ms) before probing SCSI

options     KTRACE                     # ktrace(1) support

options     SYSVSHM                            # SYSV-style shared memory

options     SYSVMSG                   #

# GENERIC -- Generic kernel configuration file for FreeBSD/i386

#

# For more information on this file, please read the handbook section on

# Kernel Configuration Files:

#

#    http://www.FreeBSD.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/kernelconfig-config.html

#

# The handbook is also available locally in /usr/share/doc/handbook

# if you've installed the doc distribution, otherwise always see the

# FreeBSD World Wide Web server (http://www.FreeBSD.org/) for the

# latest information.

#

# An exhaustive list of options and more detailed explanations of the

# device lines is also present in the ../../conf/NOTES and NOTES files.

# If you are in doubt as to the purpose or necessity of a line, check first

# in NOTES.

#

# $FreeBSD: src/sys/i386/conf/GENERIC,v 1.413.2.13 2005/04/02 16:37:58 scottl Exp $

machine               i386

cpu             I686_CPU

ident           funpower

# To statically compile in device wiring instead of /boot/device.hints

#hints                  "GENERIC.hints"                 # Default places to look for devices.

options     SCHED_4BSD             # 4BSD scheduler

options     INET                            # InterNETworking

options     INET6                          # IPv6 communications protocols

options     FFS                     # Berkeley Fast Filesystem

options     SOFTUPDATES                  # Enable FFS soft updates support

options     UFS_ACL                    # Support for access control lists

options     UFS_DIRHASH                   # SYSV-style message queues

options     SYSVSEM                    # SYSV-style semaphores

options     _KPOSIX_PRIORITY_SCHEDULING # POSIX P1003_1B real-time extensions

options     KBD_INSTALL_CDEV       # install a CDEV entry in /dev

options     AHC_REG_PRETTY_PRINT      # Print register bitfields in debug

                                               # output.  Adds ~128k to driver.

options     AHD_REG_PRETTY_PRINT      # Print register bitfields in debug

                                              # output.  Adds ~215k to driver.

options     ADAPTIVE_GIANT           # Giant mutex is adaptive.

device                  apic                     # I/O APIC

# Bus support.  Do not remove isa, even if you have no isa slots

device                  isa

device                  eisa

device                  pci

# Floppy drives

#device                fdc

# ATA and ATAPI devices

device                  ata

device                  atadisk                 # ATA disk drives

#device                ataraid                 # ATA RAID drives

device                  atapicd                # ATAPI CDROM drives