python中使用urllib2伪造HTTP报头的2个方法

在采集网页信息的时候，经常需要伪造报头来实现采集脚本的有效执行

下面，我们将使用urllib2的header部分伪造报头来实现采集信息

方法1、

#!/usr/bin/python# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-#encoding=utf-8#Filename:urllib2-header.py import urllib2import sys #抓取网页内容-发送报头-1url= "//www.jb51.net"send_headers = { 'Host':'www.jb51.net', 'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2; rv:16.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/16.0', 'Accept':'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8', 'Connection':'keep-alive'} req = urllib2.Request(url,headers=send_headers)r = urllib2.urlopen(req) html = r.read()        #返回网页内容receive_header = r.info()     #返回的报头信息 # sys.getfilesystemencoding() html = html.decode('utf-8','replace').encode(sys.getfilesystemencoding()) #转码:避免输出出现乱码  print receive_header# print '####################################'print html

方法2、

#!/usr/bin/python# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-#encoding=utf-8#Filename:urllib2-header.py import urllib2import sys url = '//www.jb51.net' req = urllib2.Request(url)req.add_header('Referer','//www.jb51.net/')req.add_header('User-Agent','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2; rv:16.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/16.0')r = urllib2.urlopen(req) html = r.read()receive_header = r.info() html = html.decode('utf-8').encode(sys.getfilesystemencoding()) print receive_headerprint '#####################################'print html