php使用递归与迭代实现快速排序示例

代码如下:
/**
 * 递归法实现的快速排序
 * @param $seq
 * @return array
 */
function quicksort($seq)
{
    if (count($seq) > 1) {
        $k = $seq[0];
        $x = array();
        $y = array();
        $_size = count($seq); //do not use count($seq) in loop for.
        for ($i = 1; $i < $_size; $i++) {
            if ($seq[$i] <= $k) {
                $x[] = $seq[$i];
            } else {
                $y[] = $seq[$i];
            }
        }
        $x = quicksort($x);
        $y = quicksort($y);
        return array_merge($x, array($k), $y);
    } else {
        return $seq;
    }
}

/**用迭代实现
 * @param $seq
 * @return array
 */
function quicksortX(&$seq)
{
    $stack = array($seq);
    $sort = array();
    while ($stack) {
        $arr = array_pop($stack);
        if(count($arr) <= 1){
            if (count($arr) == 1) {
                $sort[] = &$arr[0];
            }
            continue;
        }

        $k = $arr[0];
        $x = array();
        $y = array();
        $_size = count($arr);
        for ($i = 1; $i < $_size; $i++) {
            if ($arr[$i] <= $k) {
                $x[] = &$arr[$i];
            } else {
                $y[] = &$arr[$i];
            }
        }