python使用Flask操作mysql实现登录功能

用到的一些知识点：Flask-SQLAlchemy、Flask-Login、Flask-WTF、PyMySQL

这里通过一个完整的登录实例来介绍，程序已经成功运行，在未登录时拦截了success.html页面跳转到登录页面，登录成功后才能访问success。

以下是项目的整体结构图：

首先是配置信息，配置了数据库连接等基本的信息，config.py

DEBUG = True SQLALCHEMY_ECHO = False SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI = 'mysql+pymysql://root:1011@localhost/rl_project?charset=utf8' SECRET_KEY = '*/xff/x93/xc8w/x13/x0e@3/xd6/x82/x0f/x84/x18/xe7/xd9//|/x04e/xb9(/xfd/xc3'common/_init_.py# config=utf-8 from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy __all__ = ['db'] db = SQLAlchemy()

数据库配置类，common/data.py

# config=utf-8 from sqlalchemy import create_engine from sqlalchemy.sql import text from config import SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI, SQLALCHEMY_ECHO def db_query(sql, settings=None, echo=None):  if settings is None:   settings = SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI  if echo is None:   echo = SQLALCHEMY_ECHO  return create_engine(settings, echo=echo).connect().execute(text(sql)).fetchall() def db_execute(sql, settings=None, echo=None):  if settings is None:   settings = SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI  if echo is None:   echo = SQLALCHEMY_ECHO  return create_engine(settings, echo=echo).connect().execute(text(sql)).rowcount

SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI用于连接数据的数据库。

SQLALCHEMY_ECHO如果设置成 True，SQLAlchemy 将会记录所有 发到标准输出(stderr)的语句，这对调试很有帮助。

当然，我们在setting中设置了基本的连接数据库信息，启动时加载app = create_app('../config.py')，所以这个类删掉也不会报错。

form/login_form.py

# config=utf-8 from flask_wtf import FlaskForm as Form from wtforms import StringField, PasswordField from wtforms.validators import DataRequired class LoginForm(Form):  accountNumber = StringField('accountNumber', validators=[DataRequired('accountNumber is null')])  password = PasswordField('password', validators=[DataRequired('password is null')])

使用Flask-WTF做登录的表单验证，这里简单做了账号密码不为空

如，当我们不填写密码时，点击登录：

model/_init_.py

# config=utf-8 from flask import Flask from flask_login import LoginManager from common import db login_manager = LoginManager() login_manager.login_view = "user.login" def create_app(config_filename=None):  app = Flask(__name__)  login_manager.init_app(app)  if config_filename is not None:   app.config.from_pyfile(config_filename)   configure_database(app)  return app def configure_database(app):  db.init_app(app)