python实现RabbitMQ的消息队列的示例代码

最近在研究redis做消息队列时，顺便看了一下RabbitMQ做消息队列的实现。以下是总结的RabbitMQ中三种exchange模式的实现，分别是fanout, direct和topic。

base.py：

import pika# 获取认证对象，参数是用户名、密码。远程连接时需要认证credentials = pika.PlainCredentials("admin", "admin")# BlockingConnection(): 实例化连接对象# ConnectionParameters(): 实例化链接参数对象connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters(  "192.168.0.102", 5672, "/", credentials))# 创建新的channel(通道)channel = connection.channel()

fanout模式：向绑定到指定exchange的queue中发送消息，消费者从queue中取出数据，类似于广播模式、发布订阅模式。
绑定方式: 在接收端channel.queue_bind(exchange="logs", queue=queue_name)

代码：

publisher.py:

from base import channel, connection# 声明exchange, 不声明queuechannel.exchange_declare(exchange="logs", exchange_type="fanout") # 广播message = "hello fanout"channel.basic_publish(  exchange="logs",  routing_key="",  body=message)connection.close()

consumer.py：

from base import channel, connection    # 声明exchangechannel.exchange_declare(exchange="logs", exchange_type="fanout")# 不指定queue名字, rabbitmq会随机分配一个名字, 消息处理完成后queue会自动删除result = channel.queue_declare(exclusive=True) # 获取queue名字queue_name = result.method.queue# 绑定exchange和queuechannel.queue_bind(exchange="logs", queue=queue_name)def callback(ch, method, properties, body):  print("body:%s" % body)channel.basic_consume(  callback,  queue=queue_name)channel.start_consuming()

direct模式：发送端绑定一个routing_key1, queue中绑定若干个routing_key2, 若key1与key2相等，或者key1在key2中，则消息就会发送到这个queue中，再由相应的消费者去queue中取数据。

publisher.py：

from base import channel, connectionchannel.exchange_declare(exchange="direct_test", exchange_type="direct")message = "hello"channel.basic_publish(  exchange="direct_test",  routing_key="info", # 绑定key  body=message)connection.close()

consumer01.py：

from base import channel, connection            channel.exchange_declare(exchange="direct_test", exchange_type="direct")result = channel.queue_declare(exclusive=True)queue_name = result.method.queuechannel.queue_bind(  exchange="direct_test",  queue=queue_name,  # 绑定的key,与publisher中的相同  routing_key="info" )def callback(ch, method, properties, body):  print("body:%s" % body)channel.basic_consume(  callback,  queue=queue_name)channel.start_consuming()

consumer02.py：

from base import channel, connectionchannel.exchange_declare(exchange="direct_test", exchange_type="direct")result = channel.queue_declare(exclusive=True)queue_name = result.method.queuechannel.queue_bind(  exchange="direct_test",  queue=queue_name,  # 绑定的key  routing_key="error"  )def callback(ch, method, properties, bosy):  print("body:%s" % body)channel.basic_consume(  callback,  queue=queue_name)channel.start_consuming()