Python实现拷贝/删除文件夹的方法详解

本文实例讲述了Python实现拷贝 删除文件夹的方法。分享给大家供大家参考，具体如下：

1. 拷贝文件夹

from shutil import copytree, ignore_patternscopytree(source, destination, ignore=ignore_patterns('*.pyc', 'tmp*'))

注：shutil.copytree实现

def copytree(src, dst, symlinks=False, ignore=None):  names = os.listdir(src)  if ignore is not None:    ignored_names = ignore(src, names)  else:    ignored_names = set()  os.makedirs(dst)  errors = []  for name in names:    if name in ignored_names:      continue    srcname = os.path.join(src, name)    dstname = os.path.join(dst, name)    try:      if symlinks and os.path.islink(srcname):        linkto = os.readlink(srcname)        os.symlink(linkto, dstname)      elif os.path.isdir(srcname):        copytree(srcname, dstname, symlinks, ignore)      else:        copy2(srcname, dstname)      # XXX What about devices, sockets etc.?    except (IOError, os.error) as why:      errors.append((srcname, dstname, str(why)))    # catch the Error from the recursive copytree so that we can    # continue with other files    except Error as err:      errors.extend(err.args[0])  try:    copystat(src, dst)  except WindowsError:    # can't copy file access times on Windows    pass  except OSError as why:    errors.extend((src, dst, str(why)))  if errors:    raise Error(errors)

2. 删除文件夹

#! /usr/bash/python# encoding:utf-8import osimport os.pathimport statimport shutilclass DelDir: ''' 删除指定根目录下特定文件夹 ''' def __init__(self, root, dirname): self.root = root self.dirname = dirname def run(self): for r, dirs, files in os.walk(self.root):  if self.dirname in dirs:  srcDir = os.path.join(r, self.dirname)  #更改权限（win7会出现权限问题）  os.chmod(srcDir, stat.S_IREAD | stat.S_IWRITE)  result = shutil.rmtree(srcDir, False, self.__handler)  print "%s" %(srcDir) def __handler(self, function, path, excinfo): ''' 删除出错处理 ''' #更改权限（win7会出现权限问题） os.chmod(path, stat.S_IREAD | stat.S_IWRITE) function(path) print "[Handler] ==> Path:%s /n/tHandler the Error: %s" %(path, excinfo)if __name__ == '__main__': rootdir = r"E:/workspace/minioffice/mini-core/src/main/webapp" # 需要处理的文件夹 rootdir = unicode(rootdir, "utf8") dirname = ".svn" # 删除的文件夹 c = DelDir(rootdir, dirname) c.run()

Python实现文件夹递归拷贝

目标：

1.多层文件夹嵌套，在要备份的文件夹中嵌套多个文件夹

2.增量备份，因为文件较多，且之前已有部分备份，所以只需对新增的文件进行备份，提升效率

Python安装：

1.下载安装包，http://www.python.org/getit/，可以选择Python2或3，2的兼容性更好

2.添加Python安装目录如D:/Program/Python到环境变量Path中

编写脚本：