使用C语言实现vector动态数组的实例分享

2020-01-26 14:36:37

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下面是做项目时实现的一个动态数组，先后加入了好几个之后的项目，下面晒下代码。

头文件：

# ifndef __CVECTOR_H__ # define __CVECTOR_H__ # define MIN_LEN 256 # define CVEFAILED -1 # define CVESUCCESS 0 # define CVEPUSHBACK 1 # define CVEPOPBACK 2 # define CVEINSERT  3 # define CVERM    4 # define EXPANED_VAL 1 # define REDUSED_VAL 2  typedef void *citerator; typedef struct _cvector *cvector;  # ifdef _cplusplus # define EXTERN_ extern "C" # else # define EXTERN_ extern # endif  EXTERN_ cvector  cvector_create  (const size_t size              ); EXTERN_ void   cvector_destroy (const cvector cv              ); EXTERN_ size_t  cvector_length  (const cvector cv              ); EXTERN_ int    cvector_pushback (const cvector cv, void *memb        ); EXTERN_ int    cvector_popback (const cvector cv, void *memb        ); EXTERN_ size_t  cvector_iter_at (const cvector cv, citerator iter      ); EXTERN_ int    cvector_iter_val (const cvector cv, citerator iter, void *memb); EXTERN_ citerator cvector_begin  (const cvector cv              ); EXTERN_ citerator cvector_end   (const cvector cv              ); EXTERN_ citerator cvector_next   (const cvector cv, citerator iter      ); EXTERN_ int    cvector_val_at  (const cvector cv, size_t index, void *memb ); EXTERN_ int    cvector_insert  (const cvector cv, citerator iter, void *memb); EXTERN_ int    cvector_insert_at(const cvector cv, size_t index, void *memb ); EXTERN_ int    cvector_rm    (const cvector cv, citerator iter      ); EXTERN_ int    cvector_rm_at  (const cvector cv, size_t index       );   /* for test */ EXTERN_ void   cv_info     (const cvector cv              ); EXTERN_ void   cv_print     (const cvector cv              ); #endif /* EOF file cvector.h */

C文件：

# include <stdio.h> # include <stdlib.h> # include <string.h> # include <unistd.h> # define MIN_LEN 256 # define CVEFAILED -1 # define CVESUCCESS 0 # define CVEPUSHBACK 1 # define CVEPOPBACK 2 # define CVEINSERT  3 # define CVERM    4 # define EXPANED_VAL 1 # define REDUSED_VAL 2  typedef void *citerator; typedef struct _cvector  {      void *cv_pdata;   size_t cv_len, cv_tot_len, cv_size; } *cvector;  # define CWARNING_ITER(cv, iter, file, func, line) /   do {/     if ((cvector_begin(cv) > iter) || (cvector_end(cv) <= iter)) {/       fprintf(stderr, "var(" #iter ") warng out of range, "/           "at file:%s func:%s line:%d!!/n", file, func, line);/       return CVEFAILED;/     }/   } while (0)  # ifdef _cplusplus # define EXTERN_ extern "C" # else # define EXTERN_ extern # endif  EXTERN_ cvector  cvector_create  (const size_t size              ); EXTERN_ void   cvector_destroy (const cvector cv              ); EXTERN_ size_t  cvector_length  (const cvector cv              ); EXTERN_ int    cvector_pushback (const cvector cv, void *memb        ); EXTERN_ int    cvector_popback (const cvector cv, void *memb        ); EXTERN_ size_t  cvector_iter_at (const cvector cv, citerator iter      ); EXTERN_ int    cvector_iter_val (const cvector cv, citerator iter, void *memb); EXTERN_ citerator cvector_begin  (const cvector cv              ); EXTERN_ citerator cvector_end   (const cvector cv              ); EXTERN_ citerator cvector_next   (const cvector cv, citerator iter      ); EXTERN_ int    cvector_val_at  (const cvector cv, size_t index, void *memb ); EXTERN_ int    cvector_insert  (const cvector cv, citerator iter, void *memb); EXTERN_ int    cvector_insert_at(const cvector cv, size_t index, void *memb ); EXTERN_ int    cvector_rm    (const cvector cv, citerator iter      ); EXTERN_ int    cvector_rm_at  (const cvector cv, size_t index       );  /* for test */ EXTERN_ void   cv_info     (const cvector cv              ); EXTERN_ void   cv_print     (const cvector cv              );  cvector cvector_create(const size_t size) {   cvector cv = (cvector)malloc(sizeof (struct _cvector));    if (!cv) return NULL;    cv->cv_pdata = malloc(MIN_LEN * size);    if (!cv->cv_pdata)    {     free(cv);     return NULL;   }    cv->cv_size = size;   cv->cv_tot_len = MIN_LEN;   cv->cv_len = 0;    return cv; }  void cvector_destroy(const cvector cv) {   free(cv->cv_pdata);   free(cv);   return; }  size_t cvector_length(const cvector cv) {   return cv->cv_len; }  int cvector_pushback(const cvector cv, void *memb) {   if (cv->cv_len >= cv->cv_tot_len)    {     void *pd_sav = cv->cv_pdata;     cv->cv_tot_len <<= EXPANED_VAL;     cv->cv_pdata = realloc(cv->cv_pdata, cv->cv_tot_len * cv->cv_size);      if (!cv->cv_pdata)      {       cv->cv_pdata = pd_sav;       cv->cv_tot_len >>= EXPANED_VAL;       return CVEPUSHBACK;     }   }    memcpy(cv->cv_pdata + cv->cv_len * cv->cv_size, memb, cv->cv_size);   cv->cv_len++;    return CVESUCCESS; }  int cvector_popback(const cvector cv, void *memb) {   if (cv->cv_len <= 0) return CVEPOPBACK;    cv->cv_len--;   memcpy(memb, cv->cv_pdata + cv->cv_len * cv->cv_size, cv->cv_size);    if ((cv->cv_tot_len >= (MIN_LEN << REDUSED_VAL))        && (cv->cv_len <= (cv->cv_tot_len >> REDUSED_VAL)))    {     void *pd_sav = cv->cv_pdata;     cv->cv_tot_len >>= EXPANED_VAL;     cv->cv_pdata = realloc(cv->cv_pdata, cv->cv_tot_len * cv->cv_size);      if (!cv->cv_pdata)      {       cv->cv_tot_len <<= EXPANED_VAL;       cv->cv_pdata = pd_sav;       return CVEPOPBACK;     }   }    return CVESUCCESS; }  size_t cvector_iter_at(const cvector cv, citerator iter) {   CWARNING_ITER(cv, iter, __FILE__, __func__, __LINE__);   return (iter - cv->cv_pdata) / cv->cv_size; }  int cvector_iter_val(const cvector cv, citerator iter, void *memb) {   CWARNING_ITER(cv, iter, __FILE__, __func__, __LINE__);   memcpy(memb, iter, cv->cv_size);   return 0; }  citerator cvector_begin(const cvector cv) {   return cv->cv_pdata; }  citerator cvector_end(const cvector cv) {   return cv->cv_pdata + (cv->cv_size * cv->cv_len); }  static inline void cvmemove_foreward(const cvector cv, void *from, void *to) {   size_t size = cv->cv_size;   void *p;   for (p = to; p >= from; p -= size) memcpy(p + size, p, size);   return; }  static inline void cvmemove_backward(const cvector cv, void *from, void *to) {   memcpy(from, from + cv->cv_size, to - from);   return; }  int cvector_insert(const cvector cv, citerator iter, void *memb) {   CWARNING_ITER(cv, iter, __FILE__, __func__, __LINE__);    if (cv->cv_len >= cv->cv_tot_len)    {     void *pd_sav = cv->cv_pdata;     cv->cv_tot_len <<= EXPANED_VAL;     cv->cv_pdata = realloc(cv->cv_pdata, cv->cv_tot_len * cv->cv_size);      if (!cv->cv_pdata)      {       cv->cv_pdata = pd_sav;       cv->cv_tot_len >>= EXPANED_VAL;       return CVEINSERT;     }   }    cvmemove_foreward(cv, iter, cv->cv_pdata + cv->cv_len * cv->cv_size);   memcpy(iter, memb, cv->cv_size);   cv->cv_len++;    return CVESUCCESS; }  int cvector_insert_at(const cvector cv, size_t index, void *memb) {   citerator iter;    if (index >= cv->cv_tot_len)    {     cv->cv_len = index + 1;     while (cv->cv_len >= cv->cv_tot_len) cv->cv_tot_len <<= EXPANED_VAL;     cv->cv_pdata = realloc(cv->cv_pdata, cv->cv_tot_len * cv->cv_size);     iter = cv->cv_pdata + cv->cv_size * index;     memcpy(iter, memb, cv->cv_size);   }   else    {     iter = cv->cv_pdata + cv->cv_size * index;     cvector_insert(cv, iter, memb);   }    return 0; }  citerator cvector_next(const cvector cv, citerator iter) {   return iter + cv->cv_size; }  int cvector_val(const cvector cv, citerator iter, void *memb) {   memcpy(memb, iter, cv->cv_size);   return 0; }  int cvector_val_at(const cvector cv, size_t index, void *memb) {   memcpy(memb, cv->cv_pdata + index * cv->cv_size, cv->cv_size);   return 0; }  int cvector_rm(const cvector cv, citerator iter) {   citerator from;   citerator end;   CWARNING_ITER(cv, iter, __FILE__, __func__, __LINE__);   from = iter;   end = cvector_end(cv);   memcpy(from, from + cv->cv_size, end - from);   cv->cv_len--;    if ((cv->cv_tot_len >= (MIN_LEN << REDUSED_VAL))       && (cv->cv_len <= (cv->cv_tot_len >> REDUSED_VAL)))    {     void *pd_sav = cv->cv_pdata;     cv->cv_tot_len >>= EXPANED_VAL;     cv->cv_pdata = realloc(cv->cv_pdata, cv->cv_tot_len * cv->cv_size);      if (!cv->cv_pdata)      {       cv->cv_tot_len <<= EXPANED_VAL;       cv->cv_pdata = pd_sav;       return CVERM;     }   }    return CVESUCCESS; }  int cvector_rm_at(const cvector cv, size_t index) {   citerator iter;   iter = cv->cv_pdata + cv->cv_size * index;   CWARNING_ITER(cv, iter, __FILE__, __func__, __LINE__);   return cvector_rm(cv, iter); }  void cv_info(const cvector cv) {   printf("/n/ntot :%s : %d/n", __func__, cv->cv_tot_len);   printf("len :%s : %d/n",   __func__, cv->cv_len);   printf("size:%s : %d/n/n",  __func__, cv->cv_size);   return; }  void cv_print(const cvector cv) {   int num;   citerator iter;    if (cvector_length(cv) == 0)     fprintf(stderr, "file:%s func:%s line:%d error, null length cvector!!/n", __FILE__, __func__, __LINE__);    for (iter = cvector_begin(cv);        iter != cvector_end(cv);       iter = cvector_next(cv, iter))    {     cvector_iter_val(cv, iter, &num);     printf("var:%d at:%d/n", num, cvector_iter_at(cv, iter));   }    return; }

改进版
上面那份代码是在Linux下写的，如果是在Windows的Visul C++环境下编译似乎会出些问题，所以特别做了个改进版：
下面是更新后的代码：

cvector.h

# ifndef __CVECTOR_H__ # define __CVECTOR_H__  # include <stdio.h>  # include <stdlib.h>  # include <string.h>   # define MIN_LEN 256 # define CVEFAILED -1 # define CVESUCCESS 0 # define CVEPUSHBACK 1 # define CVEPOPBACK 2 # define CVEINSERT  3 # define CVERM    4 # define EXPANED_VAL 1 # define REDUSED_VAL 2  typedef void *citerator; typedef struct _cvector *cvector;  # ifdef __cplusplus extern "C" { # endif    cvector  cvector_create  (const size_t size              );   void   cvector_destroy (const cvector cv              );   size_t  cvector_length  (const cvector cv              );   int    cvector_pushback (const cvector cv, void *memb        );   int    cvector_popback (const cvector cv, void *memb        );   size_t  cvector_iter_at (const cvector cv, citerator iter      );   int    cvector_iter_val (const cvector cv, citerator iter, void *memb);   citerator cvector_begin  (const cvector cv              );   citerator cvector_end   (const cvector cv              );   citerator cvector_next   (const cvector cv, citerator iter      );   int    cvector_val_at  (const cvector cv, size_t index, void *memb );   int    cvector_insert  (const cvector cv, citerator iter, void *memb);   int    cvector_insert_at(const cvector cv, size_t index, void *memb );   int    cvector_rm    (const cvector cv, citerator iter      );   int    cvector_rm_at  (const cvector cv, size_t index       );    /* for test */   void   cv_info     (const cvector cv              );   void   cv_print     (const cvector cv              );  # ifdef __cplusplus } # endif  #endif /* EOF file cvector.h */

cvector.c

#include "cvector.h"  #ifndef __gnu_linux__ #define __func__ "unknown" #define inline __forceinline #endif  # define CWARNING_ITER(cv, iter, file, func, line) /   do {/   if ((cvector_begin(cv) > iter) || (cvector_end(cv) <= iter)) {/   fprintf(stderr, "var(" #iter ") warng out of range, "/   "at file:%s func:%s line:%d!!/n", file, func, line);/   return CVEFAILED;/   }/   } while (0)  struct _cvector {   void *cv_pdata;   size_t cv_len, cv_tot_len, cv_size; };  cvector cvector_create(const size_t size) {   cvector cv = (cvector)malloc(sizeof (struct _cvector));    if (!cv) return NULL;    cv->cv_pdata = malloc(MIN_LEN * size);    if (!cv->cv_pdata)   {     free(cv);     return NULL;   }    cv->cv_size = size;   cv->cv_tot_len = MIN_LEN;   cv->cv_len = 0;    return cv; }   void cvector_destroy(const cvector cv)  {    free(cv->cv_pdata);    free(cv);    return;  }   size_t cvector_length(const cvector cv)  {    return cv->cv_len;  }   int cvector_pushback(const cvector cv, void *memb)  {    if (cv->cv_len >= cv->cv_tot_len)     {      void *pd_sav = cv->cv_pdata;      cv->cv_tot_len <<= EXPANED_VAL;      cv->cv_pdata = realloc(cv->cv_pdata, cv->cv_tot_len * cv->cv_size);       if (!cv->cv_pdata)       {        cv->cv_pdata = pd_sav;        cv->cv_tot_len >>= EXPANED_VAL;        return CVEPUSHBACK;      }    }     memcpy((char *)cv->cv_pdata + cv->cv_len * cv->cv_size, memb, cv->cv_size);    cv->cv_len++;     return CVESUCCESS;  }   int cvector_popback(const cvector cv, void *memb)  {    if (cv->cv_len <= 0) return CVEPOPBACK;     cv->cv_len--;    memcpy(memb, (char *)cv->cv_pdata + cv->cv_len * cv->cv_size, cv->cv_size);     if ((cv->cv_tot_len >= (MIN_LEN << REDUSED_VAL))       && (cv->cv_len <= (cv->cv_tot_len >> REDUSED_VAL)))     {      void *pd_sav = cv->cv_pdata;      cv->cv_tot_len >>= EXPANED_VAL;      cv->cv_pdata = realloc(cv->cv_pdata, cv->cv_tot_len * cv->cv_size);       if (!cv->cv_pdata)       {        cv->cv_tot_len <<= EXPANED_VAL;        cv->cv_pdata = pd_sav;        return CVEPOPBACK;      }    }     return CVESUCCESS;  }   size_t cvector_iter_at(const cvector cv, citerator iter)  {    CWARNING_ITER(cv, iter, __FILE__, __func__, __LINE__);    return ((char *)iter - (char *)cv->cv_pdata) / cv->cv_size;  }   int cvector_iter_val(const cvector cv, citerator iter, void *memb)  {    CWARNING_ITER(cv, iter, __FILE__, __func__, __LINE__);    memcpy(memb, iter, cv->cv_size);    return 0;  }   citerator cvector_begin(const cvector cv)  {    return cv->cv_pdata;  }   citerator cvector_end(const cvector cv)  {    return (char *)cv->cv_pdata + (cv->cv_size * cv->cv_len);  }   static inline void cvmemove_foreward(const cvector cv, void *from, void *to)  {    size_t size = cv->cv_size;    char *p;    for (p = (char *)to; p >= (char *)from; p -= size) memcpy(p + size, p, size);    return;  }   static inline void cvmemove_backward(const cvector cv, void *from, void *to)  {    memcpy(from, (char *)from + cv->cv_size, (char *)to - (char *)from);    return;  }   int cvector_insert(const cvector cv, citerator iter, void *memb)  {    CWARNING_ITER(cv, iter, __FILE__, __func__, __LINE__);     if (cv->cv_len >= cv->cv_tot_len)     {      void *pd_sav = cv->cv_pdata;      cv->cv_tot_len <<= EXPANED_VAL;      cv->cv_pdata = realloc(cv->cv_pdata, cv->cv_tot_len * cv->cv_size);       if (!cv->cv_pdata)       {        cv->cv_pdata = pd_sav;        cv->cv_tot_len >>= EXPANED_VAL;        return CVEINSERT;      }    }     cvmemove_foreward(cv, iter, (char *)cv->cv_pdata + cv->cv_len * cv->cv_size);    memcpy(iter, memb, cv->cv_size);    cv->cv_len++;     return CVESUCCESS;  }   int cvector_insert_at(const cvector cv, size_t index, void *memb)  {    citerator iter;     if (index >= cv->cv_tot_len)     {      cv->cv_len = index + 1;      while (cv->cv_len >= cv->cv_tot_len) cv->cv_tot_len <<= EXPANED_VAL;      cv->cv_pdata = realloc(cv->cv_pdata, cv->cv_tot_len * cv->cv_size);      iter = (char *)cv->cv_pdata + cv->cv_size * index;      memcpy(iter, memb, cv->cv_size);    }    else     {      iter = (char *)cv->cv_pdata + cv->cv_size * index;      cvector_insert(cv, iter, memb);    }     return 0;  }   citerator cvector_next(const cvector cv, citerator iter)  {    return (char *)iter + cv->cv_size;  }   int cvector_val(const cvector cv, citerator iter, void *memb)  {    memcpy(memb, iter, cv->cv_size);    return 0;  }   int cvector_val_at(const cvector cv, size_t index, void *memb)  {    memcpy(memb, (char *)cv->cv_pdata + index * cv->cv_size, cv->cv_size);    return 0;  }   int cvector_rm(const cvector cv, citerator iter)  {    citerator from;    citerator end;    CWARNING_ITER(cv, iter, __FILE__, __func__, __LINE__);    from = iter;    end = cvector_end(cv);    memcpy(from, (char *)from + cv->cv_size, (char *)end - (char *)from);    cv->cv_len--;     if ((cv->cv_tot_len >= (MIN_LEN << REDUSED_VAL))      && (cv->cv_len <= (cv->cv_tot_len >> REDUSED_VAL)))     {      void *pd_sav = cv->cv_pdata;      cv->cv_tot_len >>= EXPANED_VAL;      cv->cv_pdata = realloc(cv->cv_pdata, cv->cv_tot_len * cv->cv_size);       if (!cv->cv_pdata)       {        cv->cv_tot_len <<= EXPANED_VAL;        cv->cv_pdata = pd_sav;        return CVERM;      }    }     return CVESUCCESS;  }   int cvector_rm_at(const cvector cv, size_t index)  {    citerator iter;    iter = (char *)cv->cv_pdata + cv->cv_size * index;    CWARNING_ITER(cv, iter, __FILE__, __func__, __LINE__);    return cvector_rm(cv, iter);  }   void cv_info(const cvector cv)  {    printf("/n/ntot :%s : %d/n", __func__, cv->cv_tot_len);    printf("len :%s : %d/n",   __func__, cv->cv_len);    printf("size:%s : %d/n/n",  __func__, cv->cv_size);    return;  }   void cv_print(const cvector cv)  {    int num;    citerator iter;     if (cvector_length(cv) == 0)      fprintf(stderr, "file:%s func:%s line:%d error, null length cvector!!/n", __FILE__, __func__, __LINE__);     for (iter = cvector_begin(cv);       iter != cvector_end(cv);      iter = cvector_next(cv, iter))     {      cvector_iter_val(cv, iter, &num);      printf("var:%d at:%d/n", num, cvector_iter_at(cv, iter));    }     return;  }

main.cpp

#include "cvector.h"  int main() {   int i = 1;   cvector cv = cvector_create(sizeof(int));   cvector_pushback(cv, &i);   cvector_pushback(cv, &i);   cvector_pushback(cv, &i);   cvector_pushback(cv, &i);   cv_print(cv);   cvector_destroy(cv);   return 0; }

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