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C#操作XML通用方法汇总

2020-01-24 00:58:32
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 在.net的项目开发中,经常会对XML文件进行操作,由于XML文件可以实现跨平台传输,较多的应用在数据传输中,特总结以下几种常用的XML操作方法:

1.创建XML文档:

  /// <summary>  /// 创建XML文档  /// </summary>  /// <param name="name">根节点名称</param>  /// <param name="type">根节点的一个属性值</param>  /// <returns>XmlDocument对象</returns>    public static XmlDocument CreateXmlDocument(string name, string type)  {   XmlDocument doc;   try   {    doc = new XmlDocument();    doc.LoadXml("<" + name + "/>");    var rootEle = doc.DocumentElement;    rootEle?.SetAttribute("type", type);   }   catch (Exception er)   {    throw new Exception(er.ToString());   }   return doc;  }

2.读取XML文档中的数据:

  /// <summary>  /// 读取数据  /// </summary>  /// <param name="path">路径</param>  /// <param name="node">节点</param>  /// <param name="attribute">属性名,非空时返回该属性值,否则返回串联值</param>  /// <returns>string</returns>  public static string Read(string path, string node, string attribute)  {   var value = "";   try   {    var doc = new XmlDocument();    doc.Load(path);    var xn = doc.SelectSingleNode(node);    if (xn != null && xn.Attributes != null)     value = (attribute.Equals("") ? xn.InnerText : xn.Attributes[attribute].Value);   }   catch (Exception er)   {    throw new Exception(er.ToString());   }   return value;  }

3.对XML文档插入数据:

  /// <summary>  /// 插入数据  /// </summary>  /// <param name="path">路径</param>  /// <param name="node">节点</param>  /// <param name="element">元素名,非空时插入新元素,否则在该元素中插入属性</param>  /// <param name="attribute">属性名,非空时插入该元素属性值,否则插入元素值</param>  /// <param name="value">值</param>  /// <returns></returns>  public static void Insert(string path, string node, string element, string attribute, string value)  {   try   {    var doc = new XmlDocument();    doc.Load(path);    var xn = doc.SelectSingleNode(node);    if (element.Equals(""))    {     if (!attribute.Equals(""))     {      var xe = (XmlElement)xn;      xe?.SetAttribute(attribute, value);      //xe?.SetAttribute(attribute, value);     }    }    else    {     var xe = doc.CreateElement(element);     if (attribute.Equals(""))      xe.InnerText = value;     else      xe.SetAttribute(attribute, value);     xn?.AppendChild(xe);    }    doc.Save(path);   }   catch (Exception er)   {    throw new Exception(er.ToString());   }  }

4.修改XML文档中的数据:

  /// <summary>  /// 修改数据  /// </summary>  /// <param name="path">路径</param>  /// <param name="node">节点</param>  /// <param name="attribute">属性名,非空时修改该节点属性值,否则修改节点值</param>  /// <param name="value">值</param>  /// <returns></returns>  public static void Update(string path, string node, string attribute, string value)  {   try   {    var doc = new XmlDocument();    doc.Load(path);    var xn = doc.SelectSingleNode(node);    var xe = (XmlElement)xn;    if (attribute.Equals(""))    {     if (xe != null) xe.InnerText = value;    }    else    {     xe?.SetAttribute(attribute, value);    }    doc.Save(path);   }   catch (Exception er)   {    throw new Exception(er.ToString());   }  }

5.删除XML文档中数据:

  /// <summary>  /// 删除数据  /// </summary>  /// <param name="path">路径</param>  /// <param name="node">节点</param>  /// <param name="attribute">属性名,非空时删除该节点属性值,否则删除节点值</param>  /// <returns></returns>  public static void Delete(string path, string node, string attribute)  {   try   {    var doc = new XmlDocument();    doc.Load(path);    var xn = doc.SelectSingleNode(node);    var xe = (XmlElement)xn;    if (attribute.Equals(""))    {     xn?.ParentNode?.RemoveChild(xn);    }    else    {     xe?.RemoveAttribute(attribute);    }    doc.Save(path);   }   catch (Exception er)   {    throw new Exception(er.ToString());   }  }

6.读取XML文档中指定节点数据:

  /// <summary>  /// 获得xml文件中指定节点的节点数据  /// </summary>  /// <param name="path"></param>  /// <param name="nodeName"></param>  /// <returns></returns>  public static string GetNodeInfoByNodeName(string path, string nodeName)  {   var xmlString = string.Empty;   try   {    var xml = new XmlDocument();    xml.Load(path);    var root = xml.DocumentElement;    if (root == null) return xmlString;    var node = root.SelectSingleNode("//" + nodeName);    if (node != null)    {     xmlString = node.InnerText;    }   }   catch (Exception er)   {    throw new Exception(er.ToString());   }   return xmlString;  }

7.获取XML指定节点的属性:

  /// <summary>   /// 功能:读取指定节点的指定属性值    /// </summary>  /// <param name="path"></param>  /// <param name="strNode">节点名称</param>   /// <param name="strAttribute">此节点的属性</param>   /// <returns></returns>   public string GetXmlNodeAttributeValue(string path, string strNode, string strAttribute)  {   var strReturn = "";   try   {    var xml = new XmlDocument();    xml.Load(path);    //根据指定路径获取节点     var xmlNode = xml.SelectSingleNode(strNode);    if (xmlNode != null)    {     //获取节点的属性,并循环取出需要的属性值      var xmlAttr = xmlNode.Attributes;     if (xmlAttr == null) return strReturn;     for (var i = 0; i < xmlAttr.Count; i++)     {      if (xmlAttr.Item(i).Name != strAttribute) continue;      strReturn = xmlAttr.Item(i).Value;      break;     }    }   }   catch (XmlException xmle)   {    throw new Exception(xmle.Message);   }   return strReturn;  }

8.设置XML文档中指定节点的属性:

 /// <summary>   /// 功能:设置节点的属性值    /// </summary>  /// <param name="path"></param>  /// <param name="xmlNodePath">节点名称</param>   /// <param name="xmlNodeAttribute">属性名称</param>   /// <param name="xmlNodeAttributeValue">属性值</param>   public void SetXmlNodeAttributeValue(string path, string xmlNodePath, string xmlNodeAttribute, string xmlNodeAttributeValue)  {   try   {    var xml = new XmlDocument();    xml.Load(path);    //可以批量为符合条件的节点的属性付值     var xmlNode = xml.SelectNodes(xmlNodePath);    if (xmlNode == null) return;    foreach (var xmlAttr in from XmlNode xn in xmlNode select xn.Attributes)    {     if (xmlAttr == null) return;     for (var i = 0; i < xmlAttr.Count; i++)     {      if (xmlAttr.Item(i).Name != xmlNodeAttribute) continue;      xmlAttr.Item(i).Value = xmlNodeAttributeValue;      break;     }    }   }   catch (XmlException xmle)   {    throw new Exception(xmle.Message);   }  }

9.读取XML文档指定节点的值:

  /// <summary>  /// 读取XML资源中的指定节点内容  /// </summary>  /// <param name="source">XML资源</param>  /// <param name="xmlType">XML资源类型:文件,字符串</param>  /// <param name="nodeName">节点名称</param>  /// <returns>节点内容</returns>  public static object GetNodeValue(string source, XmlType xmlType, string nodeName)  {   var xd = new XmlDocument();   if (xmlType == XmlType.File)   {    xd.Load(source);   }   else   {    xd.LoadXml(source);   }   var xe = xd.DocumentElement;   XmlNode xn = null;   if (xe != null)   {     xn= xe.SelectSingleNode("//" + nodeName);       }   return xn.InnerText;  }

10.更新XML文档指定节点的内容:

  /// <summary>  /// 更新XML文件中的指定节点内容  /// </summary>  /// <param name="filePath">文件路径</param>  /// <param name="nodeName">节点名称</param>  /// <param name="nodeValue">更新内容</param>  /// <returns>更新是否成功</returns>  public static bool UpdateNode(string filePath, string nodeName, string nodeValue)  {      try   {    bool flag;    var xd = new XmlDocument();    xd.Load(filePath);    var xe = xd.DocumentElement;    if (xe == null) return false;    var xn = xe.SelectSingleNode("//" + nodeName);    if (xn != null)    {     xn.InnerText = nodeValue;     flag = true;    }    else    {     flag = false;    }    return flag;   }   catch (Exception ex)   {    throw new Exception(ex.Message);   }     }复制代码11.将对象转化为XML文件,并存入指定目录:复制代码  /// <summary>  /// 将对象转化为xml,并写入指定路径的xml文件中  /// </summary>  /// <typeparam name="T">C#对象名</typeparam>  /// <param name="item">对象实例</param>  /// <param name="path">路径</param>  /// <param name="jjdbh">标号</param>  /// <param name="ends">结束符号(整个xml的路径类似如下:C:/xmltest/201111send.xml,其中path=C:/xmltest,jjdbh=201111,ends=send)</param>  /// <returns></returns>  public static string WriteXml<T>(T item, string path, string jjdbh, string ends)  {   if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(ends))   {    //默认为发送    ends = "send";   }   //控制写入文件的次数   var i = 0;   //获取当前对象的类型,也可以使用反射typeof(对象名)   var serializer = new XmlSerializer(item.GetType());   //xml的路径组合   object[] obj = { path, "//", jjdbh, ends, ".xml" };   var xmlPath = string.Concat(obj);   while (true)   {    try    {     //用filestream方式创建文件不会出现“文件正在占用中,用File.create”则不行     var fs = System.IO.File.Create(xmlPath);     fs.Close();     TextWriter writer = new StreamWriter(xmlPath, false, Encoding.UTF8);     var xml = new XmlSerializerNamespaces();     xml.Add(string.Empty, string.Empty);     serializer.Serialize(writer, item, xml);     writer.Flush();     writer.Close();     break;    }    catch (Exception)    {     if (i < 5)     {      i++;      continue;     }     break;    }   }   return SerializeToXmlStr<T>(item, true);  }

12.向一个已经存在的父节点中插入一个子节点:

  /// <summary>   /// 向一个已经存在的父节点中插入一个子节点   /// </summary>  /// <param name="path"></param>  /// <param name="parentNodePath">父节点</param>  /// <param name="childnodename">子节点名称</param>   public void AddChildNode(string path, string parentNodePath, string childnodename)  {   try   {    var xml = new XmlDocument();    xml.Load(path);    var parentXmlNode = xml.SelectSingleNode(parentNodePath);    XmlNode childXmlNode = xml.CreateElement(childnodename);    if ((parentXmlNode) != null)    {     //如果此节点存在      parentXmlNode.AppendChild(childXmlNode);    }    else    {     //如果不存在就放父节点添加      GetXmlRoot(path).AppendChild(childXmlNode);    }   }   catch (XmlException xmle)   {    throw new Exception(xmle.Message);   }  }

以上的方法总结采用.net4.5版本和c#6.0语法,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持武林网。

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