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C# WPF使用AForge类库操作USB摄像头拍照并保存

2020-01-24 00:14:33
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项目中用到 USB 摄像头,需要根据情况进行图像抓拍,查了半天资料,比较多的是使用 WPFMediaKit 和 AForge 。
但是由于项目要求不显示 USB 摄像头拍摄的画面,最终确定使用 AForge 解决。
下面用一个测试程序记录一下。

一、无预览拍照

首先建立一个 WPF 项目,我的就叫 AForgeTest,你们随意就好:

然后在 NuGet 包管理器中安装 AForge 库:

我只安装了图中打勾的几个库,这个根据自己项目需要安装就好。
不过用 USB 摄像头拍照必须安装:
AForge.Video
AForge.Control
AForge.Video.DirectShow
这三个库文件。

不习惯使用 NuGet 也可以到 AForge 的 .NET lib 下载页面下载。

在 MainWindow.xaml 文件中添加两个按钮:

<Window x:Class="AForgeTest.MainWindow"  xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"  xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"  xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"  xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"  xmlns:local="clr-namespace:AForgeTest"  mc:Ignorable="d"  Title="MainWindow" Height="300" Width="300"  Closing="Window_Closing"> <StackPanel>  <Button Name="btnCapture" Click="btnCapture_Click">拍照</Button>  <Button Name="btnOpenCamera" Click="btnOpenCamera_Click">打开</Button> </StackPanel></Window>

后台交互逻辑如下:

using System;using System.Windows;namespace AForgeTest{ /// <summary> /// MainWindow.xaml 的交互逻辑 /// </summary> public partial class MainWindow : Window {  public MainWindow()  {   InitializeComponent();  }  private void btnOpenCamera_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)  {   CameraHelper.UpdateCameraDevices();   if (CameraHelper.CameraDevices.Count > 0)   {    CameraHelper.SetCameraDevice(0);   }  }  private void btnCapture_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)  {   CameraHelper.CaptureImage(@"E:/1");  }  private void Window_Closing(object sender, System.ComponentModel.CancelEventArgs e)  {   CameraHelper.CloseDevice();  } }}

CameraHelper 类代码如下:

using System;using AForge.Video.DirectShow;using AForge.Controls;using System.Windows;using System.IO;using System.Drawing;using System.Drawing.Imaging;namespace AForgeTest{ public static class CameraHelper {  private static FilterInfoCollection _cameraDevices;  private static VideoCaptureDevice div = null;  private static VideoSourcePlayer sourcePlayer = new VideoSourcePlayer();  private static bool _isDisplay = false;  //指示_isDisplay设置为true后,是否设置了其他的sourcePlayer,若未设置则_isDisplay重设为false  private static bool isSet = false;  /// <summary>  /// 获取或设置摄像头设备,无设备为null  /// </summary>  public static FilterInfoCollection CameraDevices  {   get   {    return _cameraDevices;   }   set   {    _cameraDevices = value;   }  }  /// <summary>  /// 指示是否显示摄像头视频画面  /// 默认false  /// </summary>  public static bool IsDisplay  {   get { return _isDisplay; }   set { _isDisplay = value; }  }  /// <summary>  /// 获取或设置VideoSourcePlayer控件,  /// 只有当IsDisplay设置为true时,该属性才可以设置成功  /// </summary>  public static VideoSourcePlayer SourcePlayer  {   get { return sourcePlayer; }   set   {    if (_isDisplay)    {     sourcePlayer = value;     isSet = true;    }   }  }  /// <summary>  /// 更新摄像头设备信息  /// </summary>  public static void UpdateCameraDevices()  {   _cameraDevices = new FilterInfoCollection(FilterCategory.VideoInputDevice);  }  /// <summary>  /// 设置使用的摄像头设备  /// </summary>  /// <param name="index">设备在CameraDevices中的索引</param>  /// <returns><see cref="bool"/></returns>  public static bool SetCameraDevice(int index)  {   if (!isSet) _isDisplay = false;   //无设备,返回false   if (_cameraDevices.Count <= 0 || index < 0) return false;   if (index > _cameraDevices.Count - 1) return false;   // 设定初始视频设备   div = new VideoCaptureDevice(_cameraDevices[index].MonikerString);   sourcePlayer.VideoSource = div;   div.Start();   sourcePlayer.Start();   return true;  }  /// <summary>  /// 截取一帧图像并保存  /// </summary>  /// <param name="filePath">图像保存路径</param>  /// <param name="fileName">保存的图像文件名</param>  public static void CaptureImage(string filePath, string fileName = null)  {   if (sourcePlayer.VideoSource == null) return;   if (!Directory.Exists(filePath))   {    Directory.CreateDirectory(filePath);   }   try   {    //sourcePlayer.Start();    Image bitmap = sourcePlayer.GetCurrentVideoFrame();    if(fileName == null) fileName = DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd-HH-mm-ss");    bitmap.Save(filePath + @"/" + fileName + "-cap.jpg", ImageFormat.Jpeg);    bitmap.Dispose();    //sourcePlayer.Stop();   }   catch (Exception e)   {    MessageBox.Show(e.Message.ToString());   }  }  /// <summary>  /// 关闭摄像头设备  /// </summary>  public static void CloseDevice()  {   if (div != null && div.IsRunning)   {    sourcePlayer.Stop();    div.SignalToStop();    div = null;    _cameraDevices = null;   }  } }}

最终效果如下:

首先单击打开按钮,然后单击拍照按钮,就会在指定路径下生成一个 jpg 文件。

单击打开按钮之后需要等待 2s 以上才能点击拍照(需要等待连接到摄像头),否则会报出异常,如下图:

二、显示摄像头拍摄画面和截取的图片

首先添加 System.Windows.Forms 和 WindowsFormsIntegration 的引用。
然后在 MainWindows.xmal 文件中加命名空间:

xmlns:wfi ="clr-namespace:System.Windows.Forms.Integration;assembly=WindowsFormsIntegration"xmlns:aforge ="clr-namespace:AForge.Controls;assembly=AForge.Controls"12

添加 VideoSourcePlayer 和 Image 控件:

<wfi:WindowsFormsHost Grid.Row="0"> <aforge:VideoSourcePlayer x:Name="player" Height="480" Width="640"/></wfi:WindowsFormsHost>
<Image Grid.Row="0" Grid.Column="1" Name="imgCapture" Stretch="Fill" Height="480" Width="640"/>

这里有个小细节,注意对 VideoSourcePlayer 命名时,一定要使用 x:Name 不要省略 x: ,否则无法在后台代码中使用(不要问我是怎么知道的)。

对 CameraHelper.cs 中的 CaptureImage 函数做一点修改:

/// <summary>/// 截取一帧图像并保存/// </summary>/// <param name="filePath">图像保存路径</param>/// <param name="fileName">保存的图像文件名</param>/// <returns>如果保存成功,则返回完整路径,否则为 null</returns> public static string CaptureImage(string filePath, string fileName = null)  {   if (sourcePlayer.VideoSource == null) return null;   if (!Directory.Exists(filePath))   {    Directory.CreateDirectory(filePath);   }   try   {    Image bitmap = sourcePlayer.GetCurrentVideoFrame();    if(fileName == null) fileName = DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd-HH-mm-ss");    string fullPath = Path.Combine(filePath, fileName + "-cap.jpg");    bitmap.Save(fullPath, ImageFormat.Jpeg);    bitmap.Dispose();    return fullPath;   }   catch (Exception e)   {    MessageBox.Show(e.Message.ToString());    return null;   }}

修改后台代码如下:

using System;using System.Windows;using System.Windows.Media.Imaging;namespace AForgeTest{ /// <summary> /// MainWindow.xaml 的交互逻辑 /// </summary> public partial class MainWindow : Window {  public MainWindow()  {   InitializeComponent();   CameraHelper.IsDisplay = true;   CameraHelper.SourcePlayer = player;   CameraHelper.UpdateCameraDevices();  }  private void btnOpenCamera_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)  {   if (CameraHelper.CameraDevices.Count > 0)   {    CameraHelper.SetCameraDevice(0);   }  }  private void btnCapture_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)  {   string fullPath = CameraHelper.CaptureImage(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory + @"/Capture");   BitmapImage bit = new BitmapImage();   bit.BeginInit();   bit.UriSource = new Uri(fullPath);   bit.EndInit();   imgCapture.Source = bit;  }  private void Window_Closing(object sender, System.ComponentModel.CancelEventArgs e)  {   CameraHelper.CloseDevice();  } }}

最终结果如下:

以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持武林网。

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