pygame 精灵的行走及二段跳的实现方法(必看篇)

2020-01-04 16:58:01

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不得不承认《Python游戏编程入门》这本书翻译、排版非常之烂，但是里面的demo还是很好的，之前做了些改编放到这里。

先是素材：

背景

pygame,精灵

精灵

pygame,精灵

所有素材均取自此书

接下来就是精灵类的创建了：

class MySprite(pygame.sprite.Sprite):  def __init__(self, target):    pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)    self.master_image = None    self.frame = 0    self.old_frame = -1    self.frame_width = 1    self.frame_height = 1    self.first_frame = 0    self.last_frame = 0    self.columns = 1    self.last_time = 0  #　　使用property方法，让精灵类对坐标操作更方便  def _getx(self):    return self.rect.x  def _setx(self, value):    self.rect.x = value  X = property(_getx, _setx)  def _gety(self):    return self.rect.y  def _sety(self, value):    self.rect.y = value  Y = property(_gety, _sety)  def _getpos(self):    return self.rect.topleft  def _setpos(self, pos):    self.rect.topleft = pos  position = property(_getpos, _setpos)　　#　　load方法中定义了图片位置，长宽和帧的列数，由此来将素材切成一帧一帧  def load(self, filename, width, height, columns):    self.master_image = pygame.image.load(filename).convert_alpha()    self.frame_width = width    self.frame_height = height    self.rect = Rect(0, 0, width, height)    self.columns = columns    rect = self.master_image.get_rect()    self.last_frame = (rect.width // width) * (rect.height // height) - 1  def update(self, current_time, rate=30):    #　　更新帧数    if current_time > self.last_time + rate:      self.frame += 1      if self.frame > self.last_frame:        self.frame = self.first_frame      self.last_time = current_time    #　　当帧数发生改变时，创建新的图片    if self.frame != self.old_frame:      frame_x = (self.frame % self.columns) * self.frame_width      frame_y = (self.frame // self.columns) * self.frame_height      rect = Rect(frame_x, frame_y, self.frame_width, self.frame_height)      self.image = self.master_image.subsurface(rect)      self.old_frame = self.frame

将精灵类“放置”到游戏屏幕上，并加上背景

pygame.init()screen = pygame.display.set_mode((800, 600))font = pygame.font.Font(None, 24)framerate = pygame.time.Clock()bg = pygame.image.load("background.png").convert_alpha()pl = pygame.image.load('caveman.png').convert_alpha()# 创建精灵组group = pygame.sprite.Group()player = MySprite(screen)player.load("caveman.png", 50, 64, 8)player.first_frame = 1player.last_frame = 7player.position = 400, 303group.add(player)while True:  for event in pygame.event.get():    if event.type == QUIT:      sys.exit()  #  设置帧数  framerate.tick(30)  ticks = pygame.time.get_ticks()

这样的话精灵就在画布上了，我们得让它能左右移动：

keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()  if keys[K_ESCAPE]:    sys.exit()  if keys[K_RIGHT]:    player.X += 8  if keys[K_LEFT]:    if player.X > 0:      player.X -= 8

然后实现跳跃及二段跳跃

这里需要说下二段跳跃的注意点：

1.直到落地前，只能跳两次，也就是说精灵进行二次跳跃后不能再跳了

2.按下空格后，精灵的加速度重置

这需要修改前面的代码:

jump_vel = 0.0#  设置一个记录跳跃次数的变量space_number = 0#  跳跃判断player_jumping = Falseplayer_start_y = player.Ywhile True:  for event in pygame.event.get():    if event.type == QUIT:      sys.exit()    if event.type == KEYDOWN:      if event.key == K_SPACE:        #  跳跃次数小于2次时，        if space_number < 2:          jump_vel = -15.0          space_number += 1          player_jumping = True  keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()  if keys[K_ESCAPE]:    sys.exit()  if keys[K_RIGHT]:    player.X += 8  if keys[K_LEFT]:    if player.X > 0:      player.X -= 8  #  设置帧数  framerate.tick(30)  ticks = pygame.time.get_ticks()  #  当按下空格后，jump_vel变量不断变大，直到接触地面  if player_jumping:    player.Y += jump_vel    jump_vel += 2    #  落地后，重置跳跃速度和其他判断变量    if player.Y >= player_start_y:        player_jumping = False        player.Y = player_start_y        jump_vel = 0        space_number = 0        #  创建背景  screen.blit(bg, (0, 0))  # 精灵组更新  group.update(ticks, 50)  group.draw(screen)  pygame.display.update()

所有代码：

import sys, time, random, math, pygamefrom pygame.locals import *class MySprite(pygame.sprite.Sprite):  def __init__(self, target):    pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)    self.master_image = None    self.frame = 0    self.old_frame = -1    self.frame_width = 1    self.frame_height = 1    self.first_frame = 0    self.last_frame = 0    self.columns = 1    self.last_time = 0  # 　　使用property方法，让精灵类对坐标操作更方便  def _getx(self):    return self.rect.x  def _setx(self, value):    self.rect.x = value  X = property(_getx, _setx)  def _gety(self):    return self.rect.y  def _sety(self, value):    self.rect.y = value  Y = property(_gety, _sety)  def _getpos(self):    return self.rect.topleft  def _setpos(self, pos):    self.rect.topleft = pos  position = property(_getpos, _setpos)  def load(self, filename, width, height, columns):    self.master_image = pygame.image.load(filename).convert_alpha()    self.frame_width = width    self.frame_height = height    self.rect = Rect(0, 0, width, height)    self.columns = columns    rect = self.master_image.get_rect()    self.last_frame = (rect.width // width) * (rect.height // height) - 1  def update(self, current_time, rate=30):    # 　　更新帧数    if current_time > self.last_time + rate:      self.frame += 1      if self.frame > self.last_frame:        self.frame = self.first_frame      self.last_time = current_time    # 当帧数发生改变时，创建新的图片    if self.frame != self.old_frame:      frame_x = (self.frame % self.columns) * self.frame_width      frame_y = (self.frame // self.columns) * self.frame_height      rect = Rect(frame_x, frame_y, self.frame_width, self.frame_height)      self.image = self.master_image.subsurface(rect)      self.old_frame = self.framepygame.init()screen = pygame.display.set_mode((800, 600))font = pygame.font.Font(None, 24)framerate = pygame.time.Clock()bg = pygame.image.load("background.png").convert_alpha()pl = pygame.image.load('caveman.png').convert_alpha()# 创建精灵组group = pygame.sprite.Group()player = MySprite(screen)player.load("caveman.png", 50, 64, 8)player.first_frame = 1player.last_frame = 7player.position = 400, 303group.add(player)jump_vel = 0.0#  设置一个记录跳跃次数的变量space_number = 0#  跳跃判断player_jumping = Falseplayer_start_y = player.Ywhile True:  for event in pygame.event.get():    if event.type == QUIT:      sys.exit()    if event.type == KEYDOWN:      if event.key == K_SPACE:        #  跳跃次数小于2次时，        if space_number < 2:          jump_vel = -15.0          space_number += 1          player_jumping = True  keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()  if keys[K_ESCAPE]:    sys.exit()  if keys[K_RIGHT]:    player.X += 8  if keys[K_LEFT]:    if player.X > 0:      player.X -= 8  #  设置帧数  framerate.tick(30)  ticks = pygame.time.get_ticks()  #  当按下空格后，jump_vel变量不断变大，直到接触地面  if player_jumping:    player.Y += jump_vel    jump_vel += 2    #  落地后    if player.Y >= player_start_y:        player_jumping = False        player.Y = player_start_y        jump_vel = 0        space_number = 0        rush_number = 0  #  创建背景  screen.blit(bg, (0, 0))  # 精灵组更新  group.update(ticks, 50)  group.draw(screen)  pygame.display.update()

这样，一个粗糙的、会二段跳的精灵就完成了。

很感谢这本书提供单次跳跃的思路，让我有思考二段跳的想法。其实像二段跳这类看上去容易，但实现其实还是需要思考一番的。

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