python实现微信接口(itchat)详细介绍

sudo pip install itchat

itchat.auto_login() 这种方法将会通过微信扫描二维码登录，但是这种登录的方式确实短时间的登录，并不会保留登录的状态，也就是下次登录时还是需要扫描二维码，如果加上hotReload==True,那么就会保留登录的状态，至少在后面的几次登录过程中不会再次扫描二维码，该参数生成一个静态文件itchat.pkl用于存储登录状态

这里主要使用的是灰调函数的方法,登录完成后的方法需要赋值在 loginCallback 中退出后的方法,需要赋值在 exitCallback 中.若不设置 loginCallback 的值, 将会自动删除二维码图片并清空命令行显示.

import itchat, timedef lc():  print("Finash Login!")def ec():  print("exit")itchat.auto_login(loginCallback=lc, exitCallback=ec)time.sleep()itchat.logout()  #强制退出登录  

send(msg="Text Message", toUserName=None)

True or False

# coding-utf-8import itchatitchat.auto_login()itchat.send("Hello World!")ithcat.send("@fil@%s" % '/tmp/test.text')ithcat.send("@img@%s" % '/tmp/test.png')ithcat.send("@vid@%s" % '/tmp/test.mkv')

send_msg(msg='Text Message', toUserName=None),其中的的msg是要发送的文本，toUserName是发送对象, 如果留空, 将发送给自己，返回值为True或者False

import itchatitchat.auto_login()itchat.send_msg("hello world.")

send_file(fileDir, toUserName=None) fileDir是文件路径, 当文件不存在时, 将打印无此文件的提醒，返回值为True或者False

import itchatitchat.auto_login()itchat.send_file("/tmp/test.txt")

send_image(fileDir, toUserName=None) 参数同上

import itchatitchat.auto_login()itchat.send_img("/tmp/test.txt")

send_video(fileDir, toUserName=None) 参数同上

import itchatitchat.auto_login()itchat.send_video("/tmp/test.txt")

itchat 将根据接受到的消息类型寻找对应的已注册的方法.如果一个消息类型没有对应的注册方法, 该消息将会被舍弃.在运行过程中也可以动态注册方法, 注册方式与结果不变.

不带具体对象注册, 将注册为普通消息的回复方法.

import itchatfrom itchat.content import *@itchat.msg_register(TEXT)  #这里的TEXT表示如果有人发送文本消息，那么就会调用下面的方法def simple_reply(msg):  #这个是向发送者发送消息  itchat.send_msg('已经收到了文本消息，消息内容为%s'%msg['Text'],toUserName=msg['FromUserName'])  return "T reveived: %s" % msg["Text"]   #返回的给对方的消息，msg["Text"]表示消息的内容

import itchatfrom itchat.content import *@itchat.msg_register(TEXT, isFriendChat=True, isGroupChat=True,isMpChat=True)def text_reply(msg):  msg.user.send("%s : %s" % (mst.type, msg.text))

@itchat.msg_register([PICTURE, RECORDING, ATTACHMENT, VIDEO])def download_files(msg):  #msg.download(msg['FileName'])  #这个同样是下载文件的方式  msg['Text'](msg['FileName'])   #下载文件  #将下载的文件发送给发送者  itchat.send('@%s@%s' % ('img' if msg['Type'] == 'Picture' else 'fil', msg["FileName"]), msg["FromUserName"])

isAt 判断是否 @ 本号ActualNickName : 实际 NickName(昵称)Content : 实际 Content

import itcahtfrom itchat.content import TEXT@itchat.msg_register(TEXT, isGroupChat=True)def text_reply(msg):  if(msg.isAt):  #判断是否有人@自己  #如果有人@自己，就发一个消息告诉对方我已经收到了信息  itchat.send_msg("我已经收到了来自{0}的消息，实际内容为{1}".format(msg['ActualNickName'],msg['Text']),toUserName=msg['FromUserName'])itchat.auto_login()itchat.run()

{  "FromUserName": "",  "ToUserName": "",  "Content": "",  "StatusNotifyUserName": "",  "ImgWidth": 0,  "PlayLength": 0,  "RecommendInfo": {},  "StatusNotifyCode": 0,  "NewMsgId": "",  "Status": 0,  "VoiceLength": 0,  "ForwardFlag": 0,  "AppMsgType": 0,  "Ticket": "",  "AppInfo": {},  "Url": "",  "ImgStatus": 0,  "MsgType": 0,  "ImgHeight": 0,  "MediaId": "",  "MsgId": "",  "FileName": "",  "HasProductId": 0,  "FileSize": "",  "CreateTime": 0,  "SubMsgType": 0}

MsgType: 51  FromUserName: 自己ID  ToUserName: 自己ID  StatusNotifyUserName: 最近联系的联系人ID  Content:    <msg>      <op id='4'>        <username>          # 最近联系的联系人          filehelper,xxx@chatroom,wxid_xxx,xxx,...        </username>        <unreadchatlist>          <chat>            <username>            # 朋友圈              MomentsUnreadMsgStatus            </username>            <lastreadtime>              1454502365            </lastreadtime>          </chat>        </unreadchatlist>        <unreadfunctionlist>        # 未读的功能账号消息，群发助手，漂流瓶等        </unreadfunctionlist>      </op>    </msg>

MsgType: 1  FromUserName: 发送方ID  ToUserName: 接收方ID  Content: 消息内容

itchat 增加了 Text 键, 键值为 下载该图片的方法.

MsgType: 3  FromUserName: 发送方ID  ToUserName: 接收方ID  MsgId: 用于获取图片，用于表示每一条消息  Content:    <msg>      <img length="6503" hdlength="0" />      <commenturl></commenturl>    </msg>

*itchat 增加了 Text 键, 键值为 下载该视频的方法.*

  MsgType: 62  FromUserName: 发送方ID  ToUserName: 接收方ID  MsgId: 用于获取小视频  Content:    <msg>      <img length="6503" hdlength="0" />      <commenturl></commenturl>    </msg>

MsgType: 1  FromUserName: 发送方ID  ToUserName: 接收方ID  Content: http://weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/redirectforward?args=xxx    OriContent:<?xml version="1.0"?><msg>  <location x="34.195278" y="117.177803" scale="16" label="江苏省徐州市铜山区新区海河路" maptype="0" poiname="江苏师范大学大学生公寓园区" /></msg>

 MsgType: 42  FromUserName: 发送方ID  ToUserName: 接收方ID  Content:    <?xml version="1.0"?>    <msg bigheadimgurl="" smallheadimgurl="" username="" nickname="" shortpy="" alias="" imagestatus="3" scene="17" province="" city="" sign="" sex="1" certflag="0" certinfo="" brandIconUrl="" brandHomeUrl="" brandSubscriptConfigUrl="" brandFlags="0" regionCode="" />  RecommendInfo:    {      "UserName": "xxx", # ID，这里的是昵称      "Province": "xxx",        "City": "xxx",        "Scene": 17,       "QQNum": 0,       "Content": "",       "Alias": "xxx", # 微信号      "OpCode": 0,       "Signature": "",       "Ticket": "",       "Sex": 0, # 1:男, 2:女      "NickName": "xxx", # 昵称      "AttrStatus": 4293221,       "VerifyFlag": 0    }

@itchat.msg_register(itchat.content.CARD,isFriendChat=True)def simply(msg):  print msg['Text']  print msg['Content']  itchat.add_friend(userName=msg['Text']['UserName']) #添加推荐的好友  print msg['RecommendInfo']  print msg['RecommendInfo']['UserName']

MsgType: 34  FromUserName: 发送方ID  ToUserName: 接收方ID  MsgId: 用于获取语音  Content:    <msg>      <voicemsg endflag="1" cancelflag="0" forwardflag="0" voiceformat="4" voicelength="1580" length="2026" bufid="216825389722501519" clientmsgid="49efec63a9774a65a932a4e5fcd4e923filehelper174_1454602489" fromusername="" />    </msg>

 MsgType: 47  FromUserName: 发送方ID  ToUserName: 接收方ID  Content:    <msg>      <emoji fromusername = "" tousername = "" type="2" idbuffer="media:0_0" md5="e68363487d8f0519c4e1047de403b2e7" len = "86235" productid="com.tencent.xin.emoticon.bilibili" androidmd5="e68363487d8f0519c4e1047de403b2e7" androidlen="86235" s60v3md5 = "e68363487d8f0519c4e1047de403b2e7" s60v3len="86235" s60v5md5 = "e68363487d8f0519c4e1047de403b2e7" s60v5len="86235" cdnurl = "http://emoji.qpic.cn/wx_emoji/eFygWtxcoMF8M0oCCsksMA0gplXAFQNpiaqsmOicbXl1OC4Tyx18SGsQ/" designerid = "" thumburl = "http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmemoticon/dx4Y70y9XctRJf6tKsy7FwWosxd4DAtItSfhKS0Czr56A70p8U5O8g/0" encrypturl = "http://emoji.qpic.cn/wx_emoji/UyYVK8GMlq5VnJ56a4GkKHAiaC266Y0me0KtW6JN2FAZcXiaFKccRevA/" aeskey= "a911cc2ec96ddb781b5ca85d24143642" ></emoji>       <gameext type="0" content="0" ></gameext>    </msg>

 MsgType: 49  AppMsgType: 5  FromUserName: 发送方ID  ToUserName: 接收方ID  Url: 链接地址  FileName: 链接标题  Content:    <msg>      <appmsg appid="" sdkver="0">        <title></title>        <des></des>        <type>5</type>        <content></content>        <url></url>        <thumburl></thumburl>        ...      </appmsg>      <appinfo>        <version></version>        <appname></appname>      </appinfo>    </msg>

MsgType: 49  AppMsgType: 3  FromUserName: 发送方ID  ToUserName: 接收方ID  Url: 链接地址  FileName: 音乐名  AppInfo: # 分享链接的应用    {      Type: 0,       AppID: wx485a97c844086dc9    }  Content:    <msg>      <appmsg appid="wx485a97c844086dc9" sdkver="0">        <title></title>        <des></des>        <action></action>        <type>3</type>        <showtype>0</showtype>        <mediatagname></mediatagname>        <messageext></messageext>        <messageaction></messageaction>        <content></content>        <contentattr>0</contentattr>        <url></url>        <lowurl></lowurl>        <dataurl>          http://ws.stream.qqmusic.qq.com/C100003i9hMt1bgui0.m4a?vkey=6867EF99F3684&guid=ffffffffc104ea2964a111cf3ff3edaf&fromtag=46        </dataurl>        <lowdataurl>          http://ws.stream.qqmusic.qq.com/C100003i9hMt1bgui0.m4a?vkey=6867EF99F3684&guid=ffffffffc104ea2964a111cf3ff3edaf&fromtag=46        </lowdataurl>        <appattach>          <totallen>0</totallen>          <attachid></attachid>          <emoticonmd5></emoticonmd5>          <fileext></fileext>        </appattach>        <extinfo></extinfo>        <sourceusername></sourceusername>        <sourcedisplayname></sourcedisplayname>        <commenturl></commenturl>        <thumburl>          http://imgcache.qq.com/music/photo/album/63/180_albumpic_143163_0.jpg        </thumburl>        <md5></md5>      </appmsg>      <fromusername></fromusername>      <scene>0</scene>      <appinfo>        <version>29</version>        <appname>摇一摇搜歌</appname>      </appinfo>      <commenturl></commenturl>    </msg>

isAt : 判断是否 @ 本号ActualNickName : 实际 NickNameContent : 实际 Content

MsgType: 1FromUserName: @@xxxToUserName: @xxxContent:  @xxx:<br/>xxx

 MsgType: 49  AppMsgType: 2001  FromUserName: 发送方ID  ToUserName: 接收方ID  Content: 未知

 MsgType: 10000  FromUserName: 发送方ID  ToUserName: 自己ID  Content:    "你已添加了 xxx ，现在可以开始聊天了。"    "如果陌生人主动添加你为朋友，请谨慎核实对方身份。"    "收到红包，请在手机上查看"

tchat 为三种账号都提供了 整体获取方法与搜索方法.

# 获取自己的用户信息，返回自己的属性字典itchat.search_friends()

# 获取特定UserName的用户信息itchat.search_friends(userName='@abcdefg1234567') ## 获取发送信息的好友的详细信息@itchat.msg_register(itchat.content.TEXT,isFriendChat=True)def reply(msg):  print msg['FromUserName']  print itchat.search_friends(userName=msg['FromUserName'])  #详细信息  print itchat.search_friends(userName=msg['FromUserName'])['NickName']  #获取昵称

# 获取任何一项等于name键值的用户itchat.search_friends(name='autolife')

# 获取分别对应相应键值的用户itchat.search_friends(wechatAccount='littlecodersh')# 三、四项功能可以一同使用itchat.search_friends(name='LittleCoder机器人', wechatAccount='littlecodersh')

memberList = itchat.update_friend('@abcdefg1234567')

# 获取特定UserName的公众号，返回值为一个字典itchat.search_mps(userName='@abcdefg1234567')

# 获取名字中含有特定字符的公众号，返回值为一个字典的列表itchat.search_mps(name='LittleCoder')

memberList = itchat.update_chatroom('@@abcdefg1234567', detailedMember=True)

memberList = itchat.get_frients()[1:]# 创建群聊, topic 键值为群聊名称.chatroomUserName = itchat.create_chatroom(memberList, "test chatroom")# 删除群聊内的用户itchat.delete_member_from_chatroom(chatroomUserName, memberList[0])# 增加用户进入群聊.itchat.add_member_into_chatroom(chatroomUserName, memberList[0], useInvitation=False)

itchat.add_friend         itchat.new_instance        itchat.add_member_into_chatroom  itchat.originInstance       itchat.auto_login         itchat.returnvalues        itchat.check_login         itchat.run             itchat.components         itchat.search_chatrooms      itchat.config           itchat.search_friends       itchat.configured_reply      itchat.search_mps         itchat.content           itchat.send            itchat.core            itchat.send_file          itchat.Core            itchat.send_image         itchat.create_chatroom       itchat.send_msg          itchat.delete_member_from_chatroom itchat.send_raw_msg        itchat.dump_login_status      itchat.send_video         itchat.get_chatrooms        itchat.set_alias          itchat.get_contact         itchat.set_chatroom_name      itchat.get_friends         itchat.set_logging         itchat.get_head_img        itchat.set_pinned         itchat.get_mps           itchat.show_mobile_login      itchat.get_msg           itchat.start_receiving       itchat.get_QR           itchat.storage           itchat.get_QRuuid         itchat.update_chatroom       itchat.instanceList        itchat.update_friend        itchat.load_login_status      itchat.upload_file         itchat.log             itchat.utils            itchat.login            itchat.VERSION           itchat.logout           itchat.web_init          itchat.msg_register

# coding:utf-8import itchatfrom itchat.content import TEXTfrom itchat.content import *import sysimport timeimport rereload(sys)sys.setdefaultencoding('utf8')import osmsg_information = {}face_bug=None #针对表情包的内容@itchat.msg_register([TEXT, PICTURE, FRIENDS, CARD, MAP, SHARING, RECORDING, ATTACHMENT, VIDEO],isFriendChat=True, isGroupChat=True, isMpChat=True)def handle_receive_msg(msg):  global face_bug  msg_time_rec = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", time.localtime())  #接受消息的时间  msg_from = itchat.search_friends(userName=msg['FromUserName'])['NickName']  #在好友列表中查询发送信息的好友昵称  msg_time = msg['CreateTime']  #信息发送的时间  msg_id = msg['MsgId']  #每条信息的id  msg_content = None   #储存信息的内容  msg_share_url = None  #储存分享的链接，比如分享的文章和音乐  print msg['Type']  print msg['MsgId']  if msg['Type'] == 'Text' or msg['Type'] == 'Friends':   #如果发送的消息是文本或者好友推荐    msg_content = msg['Text']    print msg_content  #如果发送的消息是附件、视屏、图片、语音  elif msg['Type'] == "Attachment" or msg['Type'] == "Video" /      or msg['Type'] == 'Picture' /      or msg['Type'] == 'Recording':    msg_content = msg['FileName']  #内容就是他们的文件名    msg['Text'](str(msg_content))  #下载文件    # print msg_content  elif msg['Type'] == 'Card':  #如果消息是推荐的名片    msg_content = msg['RecommendInfo']['NickName'] + '的名片'  #内容就是推荐人的昵称和性别    if msg['RecommendInfo']['Sex'] == 1:      msg_content += '性别为男'    else:      msg_content += '性别为女'    print msg_content  elif msg['Type'] == 'Map':  #如果消息为分享的位置信息    x, y, location = re.search(      "<location x=/"(.*?)/" y=/"(.*?)/".*label=/"(.*?)/".*", msg['OriContent']).group(1, 2, 3)    if location is None:      msg_content = r"纬度->" + x.__str__() + " 经度->" + y.__str__()   #内容为详细的地址    else:      msg_content = r"" + location  elif msg['Type'] == 'Sharing':   #如果消息为分享的音乐或者文章，详细的内容为文章的标题或者是分享的名字    msg_content = msg['Text']    msg_share_url = msg['Url']    #记录分享的url    print msg_share_url  face_bug=msg_content##将信息存储在字典中，每一个msg_id对应一条信息  msg_information.update(    {      msg_id: {        "msg_from": msg_from, "msg_time": msg_time, "msg_time_rec": msg_time_rec,        "msg_type": msg["Type"],        "msg_content": msg_content, "msg_share_url": msg_share_url      }    }  )##这个是用于监听是否有消息撤回@itchat.msg_register(NOTE, isFriendChat=True, isGroupChat=True, isMpChat=True)def information(msg):  #这里如果这里的msg['Content']中包含消息撤回和id，就执行下面的语句  if '撤回了一条消息' in msg['Content']:    old_msg_id = re.search("/<msgid/>(.*?)/<//msgid/>", msg['Content']).group(1)  #在返回的content查找撤回的消息的id    old_msg = msg_information.get(old_msg_id)  #得到消息    print old_msg    if len(old_msg_id)<11: #如果发送的是表情包      itchat.send_file(face_bug,toUserName='filehelper')    else: #发送撤回的提示给文件助手      msg_body = "告诉你一个秘密~" + "/n" /            + old_msg.get('msg_from') + " 撤回了 " + old_msg.get("msg_type") + " 消息" + "/n" /            + old_msg.get('msg_time_rec') + "/n" /            + "撤回了什么 ⇣" + "/n" /            + r"" + old_msg.get('msg_content')      #如果是分享的文件被撤回了，那么就将分享的url加在msg_body中发送给文件助手      if old_msg['msg_type'] == "Sharing":        msg_body += "/n就是这个链接➣ " + old_msg.get('msg_share_url')      # 将撤回消息发送到文件助手      itchat.send_msg(msg_body, toUserName='filehelper')      # 有文件的话也要将文件发送回去      if old_msg["msg_type"] == "Picture" /          or old_msg["msg_type"] == "Recording" /          or old_msg["msg_type"] == "Video" /          or old_msg["msg_type"] == "Attachment":        file = '@fil@%s' % (old_msg['msg_content'])        itchat.send(msg=file, toUserName='filehelper')        os.remove(old_msg['msg_content'])      # 删除字典旧消息      msg_information.pop(old_msg_id)itchat.auto_login(hotReload=True)itchat.run()