基于使用paramiko执行远程linux主机命令(详解)

# coding: utf-8import paramikoimport refrom time import sleep# 定义一个类，表示一台远端linux主机class Linux(object):  # 通过IP, 用户名，密码，超时时间初始化一个远程Linux主机  def __init__(self, ip, username, password, timeout=30):    self.ip = ip    self.username = username    self.password = password    self.timeout = timeout    # transport和chanel    self.t = ''    self.chan = ''    # 链接失败的重试次数    self.try_times = 3  # 调用该方法连接远程主机  def connect(self):    while True:      # 连接过程中可能会抛出异常，比如网络不通、链接超时      try:        self.t = paramiko.Transport(sock=(self.ip, 22))        self.t.connect(username=self.username, password=self.password)        self.chan = self.t.open_session()        self.chan.settimeout(self.timeout)        self.chan.get_pty()        self.chan.invoke_shell()        # 如果没有抛出异常说明连接成功，直接返回        print u'连接%s成功' % self.ip        # 接收到的网络数据解码为str        print self.chan.recv(65535).decode('utf-8')        return      # 这里不对可能的异常如socket.error, socket.timeout细化，直接一网打尽      except Exception, e1:        if self.try_times != 0:          print u'连接%s失败，进行重试' %self.ip          self.try_times -= 1        else:          print u'重试3次失败，结束程序'          exit(1)  # 断开连接  def close(self):    self.chan.close()    self.t.close()  # 发送要执行的命令  def send(self, cmd):    cmd += '/r'    # 通过命令执行提示符来判断命令是否执行完成    p = re.compile(r':~ #')    result = ''    # 发送要执行的命令    self.chan.send(cmd)    # 回显很长的命令可能执行较久，通过循环分批次取回回显    while True:      sleep(0.5)      ret = self.chan.recv(65535)      ret = ret.decode('utf-8')      result += ret      if p.search(ret):        print result        return result

# 主机IP错误，无法连接的情况if __name__ == '__main__':  host = Linux('192.168.180.12', 'root', 'xxxx')  host.connect()   6   host.send('ls -l')  host.close()按 Ctrl+C 复制代码按 Ctrl+C 复制代码连接192.168.180.12失败，进行重试连接192.168.180.12失败，进行重试连接192.168.180.12失败，进行重试重试3次失败，结束程序Process finished with exit code 1

# 链接正常的情况if __name__ == '__main__':  host = Linux('192.168.180.128', 'root', 'love')  host.connect()  host.send('ls -l')  host.close()运行结果：连接192.168.180.128成功Last login: Sat May 21 07:25:39 2016 from 192.168.180.1Have a lot of fun...ls -l192:~ # ls -ltotal 28-rw------- 1 root root 18 May 21 07:17 .bash_historydrwxr-xr-x 1 root root 28 May 21 06:02 .configdrwx------ 1 root root 22 May 21 05:57 .dbusdrwx------ 1 root root 0 Sep 25 2014 .gnupgdrwxr-xr-x 1 root root 10 May 21 06:15 .local-rw------- 1 root root 55 May 21 06:03 .xauth5mesuo-rw------- 1 root root 55 May 21 07:22 .xauthEYqDmK-rw------- 1 root root 55 May 21 07:25 .xauthGTrohO-rw------- 1 root root 55 May 21 07:09 .xauthP90TnG-rw------- 1 root root 48 May 21 07:40 .xauthjW8pI9-rw------- 1 root root 48 May 21 07:40 .xauthx8T4EDdrwxr-xr-x 1 root root 0 Sep 25 2014 bindrwxr-xr-x 1 root root 38 May 21 05:43 inst-sys192:~ # Process finished with exit code 0