django之session与分页(实例讲解)

2020-01-04 16:31:31

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前面我们介绍了cookies，主要应用在用户登录上，保存用户登录状态，不过cookies直接放在了浏览器上，安全性较低，所以我们便引出了session功能与cookies相同，不同的是它放在了客户端，相比较cookies来说安全性更高。还有分页，这是一个比较常用的功能。

一、session

1、基本语法：

1、设置Sessions值   request.session['session_name'] ="admin"2、获取Sessions值   session_name = request.session["session_name"]   session_name = request.session.get("session_name")3、删除Sessions值   del request.session["session_name"]   request.session.flush()4、检测是否操作session值   if "session_name" is request.session :

2、解析图

django,session

3、实例

1）views

def login(requset): if requset.method=="POST":  username=requset.POST.get("user")  password=requset.POST.get("pwd")  ret=models.UserInfo.objects.filter(username=username,password=password)  if ret:   requset.session["IS_LOGON"]=True   requset.session["USER"]=username   return redirect("/home/")  else:   return redirect("/login/") return render(requset,"login.html")def home(request): ret=request.session.get("IS_LOGON",None) if ret :  username=request.session.get("USER")  return render(request, "home.html",locals()) else:  return redirect("/login/")

2）template

<form action="/login/" method="post"> {% csrf_token %} <p>姓名 <input type="text" name="user"></p> <p>密码 <input type="password" name="pwd"></p> <input type="submit"></form>

二、分页

1、view

from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse# Create your views here.from app01.models import *from django.core.paginator import Paginator, EmptyPage, PageNotAnIntegerdef index(request): ''' 批量导入数据: Booklist=[] for i in range(100):  Booklist.append(Book(title="book"+str(i),price=30+i*i)) Book.objects.bulk_create(Booklist) ''' '''分页器的使用: book_list=Book.objects.all() paginator = Paginator(book_list, 10) print("count:",paginator.count)   #数据总数 print("num_pages",paginator.num_pages) #总页数 print("page_range",paginator.page_range) #页码的列表 page1=paginator.page(1) #第1页的page对象 for i in page1:   #遍历第1页的所有数据对象  print(i) print(page1.object_list) #第1页的所有数据 page2=paginator.page(2) print(page2.has_next())   #是否有下一页 print(page2.next_page_number()) #下一页的页码 print(page2.has_previous())  #是否有上一页 print(page2.previous_page_number()) #上一页的页码 # 抛错 #page=paginator.page(12) # error:EmptyPage #page=paginator.page("z") # error:PageNotAnInteger ''' book_list=Book.objects.all() paginator = Paginator(book_list, 10) page = request.GET.get('page',1) currentPage=int(page) try:  print(page)  book_list = paginator.page(page) except PageNotAnInteger:  book_list = paginator.page(1) except EmptyPage:  book_list = paginator.page(paginator.num_pages) return render(request,"index.html",{"book_list":book_list,"paginator":paginator,"currentPage":currentPage})

2、templates

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Title</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="external nofollow"  integrity="sha384-BVYiiSIFeK1dGmJRAkycuHAHRg32OmUcww7on3RYdg4Va+PmSTsz/K68vbdEjh4u" crossorigin="anonymous"></head><body><div class="container"> <h4>分页器</h4> <ul>  {% for book in book_list %}    <li>{{ book.title }} -----{{ book.price }}</li>  {% endfor %}  </ul> <ul class="pagination" id="pager">     {% if book_list.has_previous %}     <li class="previous"><a href="/index/?page={{ book_list.previous_page_number }}" rel="external nofollow" >上一页</a></li>     {% else %}     <li class="previous disabled"><a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >上一页</a></li>     {% endif %}     {% for num in paginator.page_range %}      {% if num == currentPage %}      <li class="item active"><a href="/index/?page={{ num }}" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >{{ num }}</a></li>      {% else %}      <li class="item"><a href="/index/?page={{ num }}" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >{{ num }}</a></li>      {% endif %}     {% endfor %}     {% if book_list.has_next %}     <li class="next"><a href="/index/?page={{ book_list.next_page_number }}" rel="external nofollow" >下一页</a></li>     {% else %}     <li class="next disabled"><a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >下一页</a></li>     {% endif %}   </ul></div></body></html>

3、扩展

def index(request): book_list=Book.objects.all() paginator = Paginator(book_list, 15) page = request.GET.get('page',1) currentPage=int(page) # 如果页数十分多时，换另外一种显示方式 if paginator.num_pages>30:  if currentPage-5<1:   pageRange=range(1,11)  elif currentPage+5>paginator.num_pages:   pageRange=range(currentPage-5,paginator.num_pages+1)  else:   pageRange=range(currentPage-5,currentPage+5) else:  pageRange=paginator.page_range try:  print(page)  book_list = paginator.page(page) except PageNotAnInteger:  book_list = paginator.page(1) except EmptyPage:  book_list = paginator.page(paginator.num_pages) return render(request,"index.html",locals())

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