Python3学习urllib的使用方法示例

from urllib import requestresponse = request.urlopen(r'http://python.org/') # <http.client.HTTPResponse object at 0x00000000048BC908> HTTPResponse类型page = response.read()page = page.decode('utf-8')

import urllib.request response = urllib.request.urlopen('http://python.org/') html = response.read() 

import urllib.request req = urllib.request.Request('http://python.org/') response = urllib.request.urlopen(req) the_page = response.read() 

''''' Created on 2016年5月31日  @author: gionee ''' import gzip import re import urllib.request import urllib.parse import http.cookiejar  def ungzip(data):   try:     print("尝试解压缩...")     data = gzip.decompress(data)     print("解压完毕")   except:     print("未经压缩，无需解压")      return data      def getXSRF(data):   cer = re.compile('name=/"_xsrf/" value=/"(.*)/"',flags = 0)   strlist = cer.findall(data)   return strlist[0]  def getOpener(head):   # cookies 处理   cj = http.cookiejar.CookieJar()   pro = urllib.request.HTTPCookieProcessor(cj)   opener = urllib.request.build_opener(pro)   header = []   for key,value in head.items():     elem = (key,value)     header.append(elem)   opener.addheaders = header   return opener # header信息可以通过firebug获得 header = {   'Connection': 'Keep-Alive',   'Accept': 'text/html, application/xhtml+xml, */*',   'Accept-Language': 'en-US,en;q=0.8,zh-Hans-CN;q=0.5,zh-Hans;q=0.3',   'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; rv:46.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/46.0',   'Accept-Encoding': 'gzip, deflate',   'Host': 'www.zhihu.com',   'DNT': '1' }  url = 'http://www.zhihu.com/' opener = getOpener(header) op = opener.open(url) data = op.read() data = ungzip(data) _xsrf = getXSRF(data.decode())  url += "login/email" email = "登录账号" password = "登录密码" postDict = {   '_xsrf': _xsrf,   'email': email,   'password': password,   'rememberme': 'y'  } postData = urllib.parse.urlencode(postDict).encode() op = opener.open(url,postData) data = op.read() data = ungzip(data)  print(data.decode()) 

import urllib.request req = urllib.request.Request('http://www.lz881228.blog.163.com ') try:   urllib.request.urlopen(req) except urllib.error.HTTPError as e: print(e.code) print(e.read().decode("utf8")) 

from urllib.request import Request, urlopen from urllib.error import URLError, HTTPError  req = Request("http://www.abc.com /") try:   response = urlopen(req) except HTTPError as e:   print('The server couldn't fulfill the request.')   print('Error code: ', e.code) except URLError as e:   print('We failed to reach a server.')   print('Reason: ', e.reason) else:   print("good!")   print(response.read().decode("utf8")) 

import urllib.request  # create a password manager password_mgr = urllib.request.HTTPPasswordMgrWithDefaultRealm()  # Add the username and password. # If we knew the realm, we could use it instead of None. top_level_url = "https://www.vevb.com /" password_mgr.add_password(None, top_level_url, 'rekfan', 'xxxxxx')  handler = urllib.request.HTTPBasicAuthHandler(password_mgr)  # create "opener" (OpenerDirector instance) opener = urllib.request.build_opener(handler)  # use the opener to fetch a URL a_url = "https://www.vevb.com /" x = opener.open(a_url) print(x.read())  # Install the opener. # Now all calls to urllib.request.urlopen use our opener. urllib.request.install_opener(opener) a = urllib.request.urlopen(a_url).read().decode('utf8')  print(a) 

import urllib.request  proxy_support = urllib.request.ProxyHandler({'sock5': 'localhost:1080'}) opener = urllib.request.build_opener(proxy_support) urllib.request.install_opener(opener)  a = urllib.request.urlopen("http://www.baidu.com ").read().decode("utf8") print(a) 

import socket import urllib.request  # timeout in seconds timeout = 2 socket.setdefaulttimeout(timeout)  # this call to urllib.request.urlopen now uses the default timeout # we have set in the socket module req = urllib.request.Request('http://www.vevb.com /') a = urllib.request.urlopen(req).read() print(a)