Python内置函数—vars的具体使用方法

#不带参数功能和locals函数一样>>> v1 = vars()>>> l1 = locals()>>> v1{'__name__': '__main__', '__builtins__': <module 'builtins' (built-in)>, 'v1': {...}, 'l1': {...}, '__spec__': None, '__doc__': None, '__package__': None, '__loader__': <class '_frozen_importlib.BuiltinImporter'>}>>> l1{'__name__': '__main__', '__builtins__': <module 'builtins' (built-in)>, 'v1': {...}, 'l1': {...}, '__spec__': None, '__doc__': None, '__package__': None, '__loader__': <class '_frozen_importlib.BuiltinImporter'>}

#作用于模块>>> import time>>> vars(time){'gmtime': <built-in function gmtime>, 'tzname': ('Öйú±ê׼ʱ¼ä', 'ÖйúÏÄÁîʱ'), 'timezone': -28800, 'struct_time': <class 'time.struct_time'>, 'ctime': <built-in function ctime>, 'perf_counter': <built-in function perf_counter>, 'mktime': <built-in function mktime>, 'localtime': <built-in function localtime>, 'time': <built-in function time>, '__package__': '', 'altzone': -32400, 'clock': <built-in function clock>, 'strptime': <built-in function strptime>, 'monotonic': <built-in function monotonic>, '__loader__': <class '_frozen_importlib.BuiltinImporter'>, 'get_clock_info': <built-in function get_clock_info>, 'sleep': <built-in function sleep>, 'process_time': <built-in function process_time>, '__name__': 'time', '_STRUCT_TM_ITEMS': 9, '__spec__': ModuleSpec(name='time', loader=<class '_frozen_importlib.BuiltinImporter'>, origin='built-in'), '__doc__': 'This module provides various functions to manipulate time values./n/nThere are two standard representations of time. One is the number/nof seconds since the Epoch, in UTC (a.k.a. GMT). It may be an integer/nor a floating point number (to represent fractions of seconds)./nThe Epoch is system-defined; on Unix, it is generally January 1st, 1970./nThe actual value can be retrieved by calling gmtime(0)./n/nThe other representation is a tuple of 9 integers giving local time./nThe tuple items are:/n year (including century, e.g. 1998)/n month (1-12)/n day (1-31)/n hours (0-23)/n minutes (0-59)/n seconds (0-59)/n weekday (0-6, Monday is 0)/n Julian day (day in the year, 1-366)/n DST (Daylight Savings Time) flag (-1, 0 or 1)/nIf the DST flag is 0, the time is given in the regular time zone;/nif it is 1, the time is given in the DST time zone;/nif it is -1, mktime() should guess based on the date and time./n/nVariables:/n/ntimezone -- difference in seconds between UTC and local standard time/naltzone -- difference in seconds between UTC and local DST time/ndaylight -- whether local time should reflect DST/ntzname -- tuple of (standard time zone name, DST time zone name)/n/nFunctions:/n/ntime() -- return current time in seconds since the Epoch as a float/nclock() -- return CPU time since process start as a float/nsleep() -- delay for a number of seconds given as a float/ngmtime() -- convert seconds since Epoch to UTC tuple/nlocaltime() -- convert seconds since Epoch to local time tuple/nasctime() -- convert time tuple to string/nctime() -- convert time in seconds to string/nmktime() -- convert local time tuple to seconds since Epoch/nstrftime() -- convert time tuple to string according to format specification/nstrptime() -- parse string to time tuple according to format specification/ntzset() -- change the local timezone', 'strftime': <built-in function strftime>, 'asctime': <built-in function asctime>, 'daylight': 0}#作用于类>>> vars(slice)mappingproxy({'__ne__': <slot wrapper '__ne__' of 'slice' objects>, '__getattribute__': <slot wrapper '__getattribute__' of 'slice' objects>, '__reduce__': <method '__reduce__' of 'slice' objects>, 'start': <member 'start' of 'slice' objects>, 'indices': <method 'indices' of 'slice' objects>, '__ge__': <slot wrapper '__ge__' of 'slice' objects>, 'stop': <member 'stop' of 'slice' objects>, '__eq__': <slot wrapper '__eq__' of 'slice' objects>, 'step': <member 'step' of 'slice' objects>, '__hash__': None, '__doc__': 'slice(stop)/nslice(start, stop[, step])/n/nCreate a slice object. This is used for extended slicing (e.g. a[0:10:2]).', '__repr__': <slot wrapper '__repr__' of 'slice' objects>, '__le__': <slot wrapper '__le__' of 'slice' objects>, '__gt__': <slot wrapper '__gt__' of 'slice' objects>, '__new__': <built-in method __new__ of type object at 0x6A91B420>, '__lt__': <slot wrapper '__lt__' of 'slice' objects>})#作用于类实例>>> class A(object):  pass>>> a.__dict__{}>>> vars(a){}>>> a.name = 'Kim'>>> a.__dict__{'name': 'Kim'}>>> vars(a){'name': 'Kim'}

#vars()  print(vars())  class Foo:   a = 1 print(vars(Foo))  foo = Foo() print(vars(foo)) 

{'Foo': <class '__main__.Foo'>, 'B': <class '__main__.B'>, '__name__': '__main__', '__doc__': None, '__spec__': None,...{'__module__': '__main__', 'a': 1, '__dict__': <attribute '__dict__' of 'Foo' objects>, '__weakref__': <attribute '__weakref__' of 'Foo' objects>, '__doc__': None}{}