centos 安装python3.6环境并配置虚拟环境的详细教程

# 创建下载目录mkdir $HOME/tools # 切换到tools统一管理源码目录cd $HOME/tools wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.6.4/Python-3.6.4.tgz

tar -xf Python-3.6.4.tgz

cd $HOME/tools/Python-3.6.4

./configure --enable-optimizations --prefix=/application/python-3.6.4# --enable-optimizations 稳定性优化参数# --prefix 指定安装路径# 编译和安装make && make install

ln -s /application/python-3.6.4 /application/python

echo 'export PATH="/application/python/bin:$PATH"' >> /etc/profile# 注意多个软件加入环境变量中间以 : 隔开

. /etc/profilepython3# linux系统中默认为python命令为启动python2解释器，python3启动对应的python3.x版本解释器# 至此，python环境安装完成

pip3# 查看已经安装的第三方库pip3 list# pip3 install django   python3安装Django程序，可以通过 == 指定软件包版本# pip3 和 pip 本质是一样的，只是这个pip3指定给安装的python3版本安装软件包

pip3 install django -i http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple --trusted-host mirrors.aliyun.com

mkdir $HOME/.pip -P

echo -e "[global]/ntrusted-host=mirrors.aliyun.com/nindex-url=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/" > $HOME/.pip/pip.conf

# %HOMEPATH% 是什么东东？

[global]trusted-host=mirrors.aliyun.comindex-url=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/

pip3 install virtualenvwrapper

mkdir $HOME/.pyenv# $HOME 表示当前用户家目录

cat >>$HOME/.bashrc<<beimenchuixue# 使用Distribute和pip方式替代以前setuptools和easy_installexport VIRTUALENV_USE_DISTRIBUTE=1# 指定虚拟环境路径export WORKON_HOME=$HOME/.pyenv# 指定python虚拟根基export VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_PYTHON=/application/python/bin/python3# 指定 vituralenvwrapper虚拟 shell环境if [ -e /application/python/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh ];thensource /application/python/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh fi# 虚拟环境pip安装根基export PIP_VIRTUALENV_BASE=$WORKON_HOME# pip是否遵守虚拟环境export PIP_RESPECT_VIRTUALENV=true<<beimenchuixue

. $HOME/.bashrc

virtualenvwrapper –help# 如果出现帮助信息，至此centos上虚拟环境安装完成

mkvirtualenv --> mkenvrmvirtualenv --> rmenvdeactivate --> outenvsed -i "9i # only want to easy use and read/n/# you also can set what you like/n/alias mkenv='mkvirtualenv'/n/alias rmenv='rmvirtualenv'/n/alias outenv='deactivate'" $HOME/.bashrc# 这些配置谁执行谁生效，对应当前登录用户

mkenv test   # 创建虚拟环境test，并直接进入outenv     # 退出虚拟环境workon     # 检查rmenv test   # 删除test虚拟环境workon     # 检查# 看官又想知道window下如何创建虚拟化环境，嘻嘻，建议直接使用pycharm，创建项目的是既可以自动创建虚拟环境，可以节省时间，又可以节省少量的智商

githup: https://github.com/beimenchuixue/shells#!/bin/sh# author: beimenchuixue# email: 422083556@qq.com# blog: http://www.cnblogs.com/2bjiujiu/download_to="$HOME/tools"py_version="3.6.4"install_path="/application"yilai_bao="zlib-devel gcc gcc-c++"env_path="/etc/profile"add_path="/application/python/bin"vitrualenv_path="$HOME/.pyenv"user_env_path="$HOME/.bashrc". /etc/init.d/functionssure_ok() { [ $1 -eq 0 ] && {  action "$2 is" /bin/true } || {  action "$2 is" /bin/false  exit $1 }}install_yilai() { yum install -y $yilai_bao sure_ok $? "python yilai_bao install"}# install_yilaidown_python() { [ -d $download_to ] || {  mkdir $download_to -p  action "init download path is" /bin/true } cd $download_to yum install -y wget &> /dev/null echo "Foreign sities may be slow, please waitting" wget -q https://www.python.org/ftp/python/${py_version}/Python-${py_version}.tgz &> /dev/null sure_ok $? 'down python-$py_version'}# down_pythonjie_ya() { cd $download_to [ -f Python-${py_version}.tgz ] && {  tar -xf Python-${py_version}.tgz } || {  down_python  tar -xf Python-${py_version}.tgz } sure_ok $? "python jie ya"}# jie_yago_configure() { cd $download_to/Python-${py_version} ./configure --enable-optimizations --prefix=${install_path}/Python-${py_version} &> /dev/null sure_ok $? "python configure" }# go_configurego_make() { cd $download_to/Python-${py_version} echo "may be slow, please wait..." make &> /dev/null sure_ok $? "python- make"}# go_makego_make_install() { cd $download_to/Python-${py_version} echo "also need some time, please wait..." make install &> /dev/null sure_ok $? "python make install"}# go_make_installcreate_soft_link() { ln -s ${install_path}/Python-${py_version} ${install_path}/python sure_ok $? "python create soft link"}# create_soft_linkgo_add_path() { linse_num=`sed -n '/export PATH=/=' $env_path` [ -z "$linse_num" ] && {  echo "export PATH=/"$add_path:$PATH/"" >> $env_path  sure_ok $? "python add path" } || {  change_data=$( echo `sed -n '/export PATH=/p' $env_path`| awk -F '[ "]' -v v=$add_path '{print $1,$2"/""$2$3":"v"/""}')  sed -i "${linse_num}c $change_data" $env_path  . $env_path  sure_ok $? "python add path" } }# go_add_pathgo_aliyun_pip(){ [ -d $HOME/.pip ] || {  mkdir $HOME/.pip -p  sure_ok $? "init .pip dir" } cd $HOME/.pip echo -e "[global]/ntrusted-host=mirrors.aliyun.com/nindex-url=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/" > pip.conf sure_ok $? "python go aliyun pip"}# go_aliyun_pipgo_install_vitualenv() { . $env_path pip3 install virtualenvwrapper >> /dev/null sure_ok $? "python install virtualenv"}# go_install_vitualenvgo_setting_vitualenv() { [ -d $vitrualenv_path ] || {  mkdir $vitrualenv_path -p  sure_ok $? "python mkdir $vitrualenv_path" } cat>>$user_env_path<<jiaexport VIRTUALENV_USE_DISTRIBUTE=1export WORKON_HOME=$vitrualenv_pathexport VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_PYTHON=$add_path/python3if [ -e $add_path/virtualenvwrapper.sh ];then source $add_path/virtualenvwrapper.shfiexport PIP_VIRTUALENV_BASE=/$WORKON_HOMEexport PIP_RESPECT_VIRTUALENV=truejia sure_ok $? "python setting virtualenv"}# go_setting_vitualenvperson_virtualenv_alias() { sed -i "9i # only want to easy use and read/n/# you also can set what you like/n/alias mkenv='mkvirtualenv'/n/alias rmenv='rmvirtualenv'/n/alias outenv='deactivate'" $user_env_path sure_ok $? "python vituralenv person setting"}# person_virtualenv_alaisbeimenchuixue_main() { install_yilai down_python jie_ya go_configure go_make go_make_install create_soft_link go_add_path go_aliyun_pip go_install_vitualenv go_setting_vitualenv person_virtualenv_alias}beimenchuixue_main