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Python操作MySQL模拟银行转账

2020-01-04 15:42:29
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今天在慕课网上学习了有关于python操作MySQL的相关知识,在此做些总结。python操作数据库还是相对比较简单的,由于python统一了各个数据库的接口程序,也就是所谓的Python DB,所以无论使用何种数据可,都可以用统一的接口对数据库进行操作。操作中主要涉及connection对象的操作和cursor的操作,前者主要是为了建立起python与数据库的数据交换通道,后者则是访问数据的游标,也可以理解为指针。数据库的相关结构化语言在Python中均是以字符串的形式呈现的。另外注意rollback的重要性,一旦操作失败,所有操作都要回滚到之前的状态,否则会发生错误。

另外,在编写实例的时候,对于面向对象的编程思路又有了新的认识,自顶向下的程序编写模式非常有利于拆分程序的功能,分而治之。面向对象的封装性在此提醒的淋漓尽致!

代码如下,在原有基础上,我又增加了添加记录的功能。

#coding=utf8 import MySQLdb import sys  class TranseferMonet(object):    def __init__(self,conn):     self.conn = conn    def createNewUser(self,userID,money):     cursor = self.conn.cursor()     try:       sql = 'INSERT account VALUES(%s,%s)' %(str(userID),str(money))       cursor.execute(sql)       self.conn.commit()     except Exception as e:       self.conn.rollback()       raise e    def transferMoney(self,transeferID,recivierID,money):     try:       self.checkID(transeferID)       self.checkID(receiverID)       self.checkEnoughMoney(transferID,money)       self.subMoney(transferID,money)       self.addMoney(receiverID,money)       self.conn.commit()     except Exception as e:       self.conn.rollback()       raise e    def checkID(self,userID):     cursor = self.conn.cursor()     try:       sql = 'SELECT userID FROM account WHERE userID = %s' %str(userID)       cursor.execute(sql)       rs = cursor.fetchall()       if len(rs) != 1:         raise Exception("ID错误!")     finally:       cursor.close()    def checkEnoughMoney(self,transferID,money):     cursor = self.conn.cursor()     try:       sql = 'SELECT money FROM account WHERE userID = %s and money >= %s' %(str(transferID),str(money))       cursor.execute(sql)       rs = cursor.fetchall()       if len(rs) != 1:         raise Exception("余额不足!")     finally:       cursor.close()   def subMoney(self,transferID,money):     cursor = self.conn.cursor()     try:       sql = 'UPDATE account SET money = money-%s WHERE userID = %s' %(str(money),str(transferID))       cursor.execute(sql)       if cursor.rowcount != 1:         raise Exception('减款失败!')     finally:       cursor.close()    def addMoney(self,receiverID,money):      cursor = self.conn.cursor()     try:       sql = 'UPDATE account SET money = money+%s WHERE userID = %s' %(str(money),str(receiverID))       cursor.execute(sql)       if cursor.rowcount != 1:         raise Exception('加款失败!')     finally:       cursor.close()  if __name__=="__main__":    transferID = 2002   receiverID = 2001   money = 300    newID = 2003   newmoney = 900    conn = MySQLdb.connect(host = '127.0.0.1',port = 3306,user = 'root',passwd = '914767195',db = 'test',charset = 'utf8')    trMoney = TranseferMonet(conn)    try:     trMoney.transferMoney(transferID,receiverID,money)   except Exception as e:     print "转账错误"+str(e)   try:     trMoney.createNewUser(newID,newmoney)   except Exception as e:     print "创建用户失败!"+str(e)   finally:     conn.close() 

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