利用scrapy将爬到的数据保存到mysql（防止重复）

2020-01-04 15:29:07

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前言

本文主要给大家介绍了关于 scrapy爬到的数据保存到mysql（防止重复）的相关内容，分享出来供大家参考学习，下面话不多说了，来一起看看详细的介绍吧。

1.环境建立

1.使用xmapp安装php, mysql ,phpmyadmin

2.安装python3，pip

3.安装pymysql

3.(windows 略)我这边是mac，安装brew，用brew 安装scrapy

2.整个流程

1. 创建数据库和数据库表，准备保存

2.写入爬虫目标URL，进行网络请求

3.对爬返回数据进行处理，得到具体数据

4.对于具体数据保存到数据库中

2.1.创建数据库

首先创建一个数据库叫scrapy，然后创建一个表article，我们这里给body加了唯一索引，防止重复插入数据

---- Database: `scrapy`-- -- -------------------------------------------------------- ---- 表的结构 `article`-- CREATE TABLE `article` ( `id` int(11) NOT NULL, `body` varchar(200) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL, `author` varchar(50) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL, `createDate` datetime NOT NULL) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;  ---- Indexes for table `article`--ALTER TABLE `article` ADD PRIMARY KEY (`id`), ADD UNIQUE KEY `uk_body` (`body`);

scrapy,保存mysql,保存到mysql,避免重复爬取

弄好以后是这样的。

2.2 先看下整个爬虫项目的结构

scrapy,保存mysql,保存到mysql,避免重复爬取

quotes_spider.py是核心，负责对网络请求和对内容进行处理，然后对整理好的内容抛给pipelines进行具体处理，保存到数据库中，这样不会影响速度。

其他的看图说明

2.2 写入爬虫目标URL，进行网络请求

import scrapyfrom tutorial.items import TutorialItemclass QuotesSpider(scrapy.Spider): name = "quotes" def start_requests(self):  url = 'http://quotes.toscrape.com/tag/humor/'  yield scrapy.Request(url) def parse(self, response):  item = TutorialItem()  for quote in response.css('div.quote'):   item['body'] = quote.css('span.text::text').extract_first()   item['author'] = quote.css('small.author::text').extract_first()   yield item  next_page = response.css('li.next a::attr("href")').extract_first()  if next_page is not None:   yield response.follow(next_page, self.parse)

start_requests 就是要写入具体要爬的URL

parse就是核心的对返回的数据进行处理的地方，然后以item的形式抛出，接下来定义好下一个要爬的内容

2.3 items

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-# Define here the models for your scraped items## See documentation in:# https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/items.htmlimport scrapyclass TutorialItem(scrapy.Item): body = scrapy.Field() author = scrapy.Field() pass

2.4 pipelines

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-# Define your item pipelines here## Don't forget to add your pipeline to the ITEM_PIPELINES setting# See: https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.htmlimport pymysqlimport datetimefrom tutorial import settingsimport loggingclass TutorialPipeline(object): def __init__(self):  self.connect = pymysql.connect(   host = settings.MYSQL_HOST,   db = settings.MYSQL_DBNAME,   user = settings.MYSQL_USER,   passwd = settings.MYSQL_PASSWD,   charset = 'utf8',   use_unicode = True  )  self.cursor = self.connect.cursor();  def process_item(self, item, spider):  try:   self.cursor.execute(    "insert into article (body, author, createDate) value(%s, %s, %s) on duplicate key update author=(author)",    (item['body'],     item['author'],     datetime.datetime.now()     ))   self.connect.commit()  except Exception as error:   logging.log(error)  return item def close_spider(self, spider):  self.connect.close();

2.5 配置

ITEM_PIPELINES = { 'tutorial.pipelines.TutorialPipeline':300}MYSQL_HOST = 'localhost'MYSQL_DBNAME = 'scrapy'MYSQL_USER = 'root'MYSQL_PASSWD = '123456'MYSQL_PORT = 3306

3.启动爬虫