python自动登录12306并自动点击验证码完成登录的实现源代码

#12306 自动打开12306网站，并输入用户名、密码和验证码，并登录12306，#author bigluo#email: 3490699170@qq.com#coding=utf-8from selenium import webdriverimport timefrom PIL import Imagefrom selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChainsimport osimport requestsimport numpy#指定button id和button文本值，并点击，连续点击5次#return:#0 click successfully#-1 连续5次均failed#1 txt != dest_text，所以不点击def click_button(b,id,dest_text,j):  #在当前页面查找并点击指定text，错误返回 -1.连续5次，错误时延时1秒 txt='' for i in range(0,5):  try:   txt=b.find_element_by_id(id).text   if txt == dest_text:    b.find_element_by_id(id).click()    return 0    else:    return 1  except:   time.sleep(1)   continue return -1       #5次都失败了#给定button id和text，find a given text#0 found#-1 not founddef find_button(b,id,dest_text): txt='' try:   txt=b.find_element_by_id(id).text   if txt == dest_text:    return 0 except:     #print("find_button Error --page txt is "+txt+" input text is "+dest_text)   return -1 return -1#click refresh pic buttondef click_refresh(b): try:  b.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@id='loginForm']/div/ul[2]/li[4]/div/div/div[1]").click() except:  print("click_refresh:exception!!!!")#初始化浏览器 def init_browser(b): b.maximize_window()#进入登录页，必须是未登录状态# 0 ： 成功#-1 ： 出错了def visit_login_page(b): url = 'https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/index/init' b.get(url) if find_button(b,u"login_user",u"登录") != 0: #没退出  click_button(b,u"regist_out",u"退出",0)  #点击退出  time.sleep(5)         #休息5秒再查看是否退出 if click_button(b,u"login_user",u"登录",0) != 0: #点击登陆按钮  return -1     #Error happened!! time.sleep(10)     #访问login page后休息10秒，等待验证码图片加载完成  return 0#截取一张验证码图片，保存为aa.pngdef get_a_verify_pic(b): imgelement=b.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@id='loginForm']/div/ul[2]/li[4]/div/div/div[3]") location = imgelement.location #获取验证码x,y轴坐标  size=imgelement.size #获取验证码的长宽 rangle=(int(location['x']),int(location['y']),int(location['x']+size['width']),int(location['y']+size['height'])) #写成我们需要截取的位置坐标 b.save_screenshot('aa.png') i=Image.open("aa.png") #打开截图 pic_name='verify_code'+".jpg" #标准12306验证图片 frame4=i.crop(rangle) #使用Image的crop函数，从截图中再次截取我们需要的区域 frame4.save(pic_name) return pic_name#破解图片验证码def ana_pic(b,pic_name): body_list=[] url='''http://littlebigluo.qicp.net:47720/''' files={'file':(pic_name,open(pic_name,'rb'),'image/png')} res=requests.post(url,files=files)    #post pic if res.status_code == 200:      #return ok  try:   #print(res.text)   if u"文字应该" in res.text:    #识别验证码成功        body_str_1=res.text.split(u'''<B>''')    body_str=body_str_1[2].split(u'<')[0].split()       for index in body_str:     body_list.append(int(index))    return 0,numpy.array(body_list)  except:   print("ana pic failed!!!!")   return -1,None return -1,None     #验证码解析失败#按输入的下标，点击一张验证码图片def click_one_pic(b,i): try:  imgelement=b.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@id='loginForm']/div/ul[2]/li[4]/div/div/div[3]")  if i<=4:   ActionChains(b).move_to_element_with_offset(imgelement,40+72*(i-1),73).click().perform()  else:   i -= 4   ActionChains(b).move_to_element_with_offset(imgelement,40+72*(i-1),145).click().perform() except:  print("Wa -- click one pic except!!!")#按bodylist 指示，点击指定验证图片def click_pic(b,body_list): for i in range(len(body_list)):  click_one_pic(b,body_list[i])  time.sleep(1)#输入用户名密码，并点击验证码登陆#0:login successfully#1:verify code failed,#-1 error happeneddef login(b): pic_name=None try:  pic_name=get_a_verify_pic(b)   #截取12306验证码图片  ret_val,body_list=ana_pic(b,pic_name) #破解12306验证码  username=b.find_element_by_id('username')  username.clear()  username.send_keys('xxxxxx')  password=b.find_element_by_id('password')  password.clear()  password.send_keys('yyyyyyy')   time.sleep(2)   if ret_val != 0:   #print("login : what??? predict return error!!")   print("login -- no verified pic!!! !!")   os.remove(pic_name)    #exception occured   #click_refresh(b)   return -1  if len(body_list) == 0:    #no pic recognized   click_refresh(b)   print("login : what??? body list is null!!!")   os.remove(pic_name)    #exception occured   return 1      #verified failed  click_pic(b,body_list)  time.sleep(1)      #休息1秒再点击登陆按钮  if click_button(b,u"loginSub",u"登录",0) != 0:   print("login : what??? click button exception!!!")   return -1     #Error happened!!  except:  if None != pic_name:   os.remove(pic_name)    #exception occured  print("login:exception!!")  return -1 time.sleep(5)      #查看验证码是否正确?? ret_val=find_button(b,u"error_msgmypasscode1",u"请点击正确的验证码") if ret_val == 0:     #验证码错误  print("login--Verified code error!!!")  return 1 os.remove(pic_name) print("login--successfully!!!") return 0#循环login#返回#0：登陆成功-正常返回#-1：登陆失败或异常返回#1 ：验证码未识别出来def try_login(b): for k in range(0,5):     #连续尝试5次  rt_val=login(b)  if rt_val < 0:      #error happened   print("verify got exception!!")   time.sleep(10)   continue  elif rt_val == 1:     #verified code error   print("verify - code error!!")   time.sleep(5)   continue      #login again  else:        #login successfully   print("login successfully!!!")   return 0     return -1     #login failedif __name__ == "__main__":  b = webdriver.Chrome() init_browser(b) visit_login_page(b) ret_val = try_login(b) #尝试登录 if ret_val<0:    print("main -- try_login failed!!!")  else:  print("main -- try_login successfully!!!")  print("Good job！bigluo！！")