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用pycharm开发django项目示例代码

2020-01-04 14:15:24
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在pycharm(企业版)中新建Django工程,注意使用虚拟环境

pycharm,django,代码

pycharm,django,代码

创建成功后,在pycharm显示的工程目录结构如下:

pycharm,django,代码

打开pycharm的Terminal,进入该工程的目录新建一个django工程

python3 manage.py startapp django_web

执行成功后,工程目录结构如下:

pycharm,django,代码

修改settings.py文件,注册该工程

pycharm,django,代码

Django的开发遵循MTV模式(models, templates, views),views.py负责执行操作,models.py负责数据处理(如数据库连接),templates目录下存放网页的模板

首先在templates下新建一个index.html文件,并把以下内容替换到该文件中

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head>  <meta charset="UTF-8">  <title>The blah</title>  <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href=" new_blah.css"></head><body><div class="header">  <img src="images/blah.png">  <ul class="nav">    <li><a href="#">Home</a></li>    <li><a href="#">Site</a></li>    <li><a href="#">Other</a></li>  </ul></div><div class="main-content">  <h2>Article</h2>  <ul class="article">    <li>      <img src="images/0001.jpg" width="100" height="90">      <h3><a href="#">The blah</a></h3>      <p>This is a dangerously delicious cake.</p>    </li>    <li>      <img src="images/0002.jpg" width="100" height="90">      <h3><a href="#">The blah</a></h3>      <p>It's always taco night somewhere!</p>    </li>    <li>      <img src="images/0003.jpg" width="100" height="90">      <h3><a href="#">The blah</a></h3>      <p>Omelette you in on a little secret </p>    </li>    <li>      <img src="images/0004.jpg" width="100" height="90">      <h3><a href="#">The blah</a></h3>      <p>It's a sandwich. That's all we .</p>    </li>  </ul></div><div class="footer">  <p>© Mugglecoding</p></div></body></html><--!http://css3gen.com/box-shadow/-->

首先编写views.py文件,定义访问这个index.html文件的操作

def index(request):    return render(request, 'index.html')

编写urls.py文件,定义访问这个index.html的url路径(使用正则表达式

from django.conf.urls import url from django.contrib import admin from django_web.views import index #导入views.py文件中的index函数 urlpatterns = [   url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),   url(r'^index/', index), #在url中凡是以url开头的访问都使用index函数来处理该请求 ]

在pycharm的Terminal中输入命令运行服务器:

python3 manager.py runserver

在浏览器中输入url:http://127.0.0.1:8000/index/ 可以看到如下的格式,接下来要做的就是添加资源

pycharm,django,代码

将css文件(css文件的内容在最后)和图片(随意找几张图片,更名为如下所示即可)都复制到env5工程下的一个名为static的文件,工程结构如下:

pycharm,django,代码 注意:一定要保证与templates目录同级

修改index.html如下

 

{% load static %}<html><head>  <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="{% static 'css/new_blah.css' %}"></head><body><div class="header">  <img src="{% static 'images/blah.png' %}">  <ul class="nav">    <li><a href="#">Home</a></li>    <li><a href="#">Site</a></li>    <li><a href="#">Other</a></li>  </ul></div><div class="main-content">  <h2>Article</h2>  <ul class="articles">    <li>      <img src="{% static 'images/0001.jpg' %}" width="100" height="91">      <div class="article-info">        <h3><a href="#">The blah</a></h3>        <p class="meta-info">          <span class="meta-cate">fun</span>          <span class="meta-cate">Wow</span>        </p>        <p class="description">Just say something.</p>      </div>      <div class="rate">        <span class="rate-score">4.5</span>      </div>    </li>    <li>      <img src="{% static 'images/0002.jpg' %}" width="100" height="91">      <div class="article-info">        <h3><a href="#">The blah</a></h3>        <p class="meta-info">          <span class="meta-cate">butt</span>          <span class="meta-cate">NSFW</span>        </p>        <p class="description">Just say something.</p>      </div>      <div class="rate">        <img src="{% static 'images/Fire.png' %}" width="18" height="18">        <span class="rate-score">5.0</span>      </div>    </li>    <li>      <img src="{% static 'images/0003.jpg' %}" width="100" height="91">      <div class="article-info">        <h3><a href="#">The blah</a></h3>        <p class="meta-info">          <span class="meta-cate">sea</span>        </p>        <p class="description">Just say something.</p>      </div>      <div class="rate">        <span class="rate-score">3.5</span>      </div>    </li>    <li>      <img src="{% static 'images/0004.jpg' %}" width="100" height="91">      <div class="article-info">        <h3><a href="#">The blah</a></h3>        <p class="meta-info">          <span class="meta-cate">bay</span>          <span class="meta-cate">boat</span>          <span class="meta-cate">beach</span>        </p>        <p class="description">Just say something.</p>      </div>      <div class="rate">        <span class="rate-score">3.0</span>      </div>    </li>  </ul></div><div class="footer">  <p>© Mugglecoding</p></div></body></html>

在settings.py文件的最后增加如下配置

STATICFILES_DIRS = (os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "static"),)

再次打开浏览器就可以看到正常的显示

pycharm,django,代码

css文件

body {  padding: 0 0 0 0;  background-color: #ffffff;  background-image: url(../images/bg3-dark.jpg);  background-position: top left;  background-repeat: no-repeat;  background-size: cover;  font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;}.main-content {  width: 500px;  padding: 20px 20px 20px 20px;  border: 1px solid #dddddd;  border-radius:15px;  margin: 30px auto 0 auto;  background: #fdffff;  -webkit-box-shadow: 0 0 22px 0 rgba(50, 50, 50, 1);  -moz-box-shadow:  0 0 22px 0 rgba(50, 50, 50, 1);  box-shadow:     0 0 22px 0 rgba(50, 50, 50, 1);}.main-content p {  line-height: 26px;}.main-content h2 {  color: #585858;}.articles {  list-style-type: none;  padding: 0;}.articles img {  float: left;  padding-right: 11px;}.articles li {  border-top: 1px solid #F1F1F1;  background-color: #ffffff;  height: 90px;  clear: both;}.articles h3 {  margin: 0;}.articles a {  color:#585858;  text-decoration: none;}.articles p {  margin: 0;}.article-info {  float: left;  display: inline-block;  margin: 8px 0 8px 0;}.rate {  float: right;  display: inline-block;  margin:35px 20px 35px 20px;}.rate-score {  font-size: 18px;  font-weight: bold;  color: #585858;}.rate-score-hot {}.meta-info {}.meta-cate {  margin: 0 0.1em;  padding: 0.1em 0.7em;  color: #fff;  background: #37a5f0;  font-size: 20%;  border-radius: 10px ;}.description {  color: #cccccc;}.nav {  padding-left: 0;  margin: 5px 0 20px 0;  text-align: center;}.nav li {  display: inline;  padding-right: 10px;}.nav li:last-child {  padding-right: 0;}.header {  padding: 10px 10px 10px 10px;}.header a {  color: #ffffff;}.header img {  display: block;  margin: 0 auto 0 auto;}.header h1 {  text-align: center;}.footer {  margin-top: 20px;}.footer p {  color: #aaaaaa;  text-align: center;  font-weight: bold;  font-size: 12px;  font-style: italic;  text-transform: uppercase;}

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