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Android ListView常用小技巧汇总

2020-01-02 06:58:48
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ListView在我们Android项目中的地位是有目共睹的,相信几乎每一个App中都有它的身影。
ListView主要是用列表形式来加载数据,在特定情况下需要实现一些特殊功能:如刷新数据,加载数据,实现动画效果等。
作为我们常用的控件,有哪些需要注意的呢?
**为ListView的每一Item设置分隔线

第一种方法:也是最简单地方法,在布局文件中设置ListView的
divider属性
如:android:divider=”@color/black”
第二种方法:设置android:divider=”@null”表示不要分隔线,然后,自己在Item布局中添加分隔线。

 <ListView>    android:id="@+id/test_lv"    android:layout_width="match_parent"    android:layout_height="wrap_content"    android:divider="#d1d1d1"<!--设置分隔线颜色-->    android:dividerHeight="1px"<!--设置分隔线高度-->    > </ListView>

** 默认情况下,ListView的item有点击效果,怎么样改变这种效果呢?
设置ListViewr的android:listSelector属性,比如可以设置透明取消这种效果android:listSelector=”@android:color/transparent”
也可以设置自己想要的效果,添加对应的color资源或drawble资源 就可以了。
** 当数据比较多的时候,ListView在滚动时候会显示一个默认的滚动条,要取消这个滚动条的话,可以设置android:scrollbars属性
如:android:scrollbars=”none”
** ListView性能优化,必用ViewHolder来充分发挥ListView的recycle机制
** ListView中数据动态变化,添加或删除数据操作,效果显而易见。

//实现ListView数据添加删除public class MainActivity extends Activity implements View.OnClickListener {  private ListView test_lv;  private List<TestBean> dataList;  private TestAdapter adapter;  private Button add_btn, del_btn;  private ImageView emptyIv;  private LinearLayout operator_ll;  @Override  protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);    setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);    initDatas();    initViews();  }  private void initDatas() {    dataList = new ArrayList<>();    for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {      TestBean bean = new TestBean();      bean.setTitle("标题_" + i);      bean.setContent("这是内容_" + i);      bean.setType(i % 2 == 0 ? 1 : 2);      dataList.add(bean);    }  }  private void initViews() {    this.test_lv = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.test_lv);    this.add_btn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.add_btn);    this.del_btn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.del_btn);    emptyIv = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.empty_iv);    operator_ll=(LinearLayout)findViewById(R.id.operator_ll);    this.add_btn.setOnClickListener(this);    this.del_btn.setOnClickListener(this);    if (dataList.size() == 0) {      emptyIv.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);      operator_ll.setVisibility(View.GONE);      test_lv.setEmptyView(emptyIv);    } else {      emptyIv.setVisibility(View.GONE);      operator_ll.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);      adapter = new TestAdapter(this, dataList);      test_lv.setAdapter(adapter);    }    test_lv.setSelection(15);  }  @Override  public void onClick(View v) {    switch (v.getId()) {      case R.id.add_btn:        //默认增加在第一个位置        TestBean bean = new TestBean();        bean.setTitle("增加项");        bean.setContent("这是增加内容");        bean.setType(1);        dataList.add(0, bean);        break;      case R.id.del_btn:        //默认删除第一条数据        dataList.remove(0);        break;    }    adapter.notifyDataSetChanged();//刷新ListView数据  }}//ListView对应Adapterpublic class TestAdapter extends BaseAdapter {  private Context mContext;  private List<TestBean> listDatas;  public TestAdapter(Context mContext, List<TestBean> listDatas) {    this.mContext = mContext;    this.listDatas = listDatas;  }  @Override  public int getCount() {    return listDatas.size();  }  @Override  public Object getItem(int position) {    return listDatas.get(position);  }  @Override  public long getItemId(int position) {    return position;  }  @Override  public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {    ViewHolder holder = null;    if (convertView == null) {      holder = new ViewHolder();      convertView = LayoutInflater.from(mContext).inflate(R.layout.test_item, null);      holder.title = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.item_title);      holder.content = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.item_content);      convertView.setTag(holder);    } else {      holder = (ViewHolder) convertView.getTag();    }    holder.content.setText(listDatas.get(position).getContent());    holder.title.setText(listDatas.get(position).getTitle());    return convertView;  }  final class ViewHolder {    TextView title;    TextView content;  }}

** 类似聊天界面,ListView中有多种item样式效果

//实现ListView中多种item样式public class TypeActivity extends Activity {  private ListView type_lv;  private List<TestBean> dataList;  private TypeAdapter adapter;  @Override  protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);    setContentView(R.layout.activity_type);    initDatas();    initViews();  }  private void initDatas() {    dataList = new ArrayList<>();    for (int i = 0; i < 9; i++) {      TestBean bean = new TestBean();      bean.setTitle("标题_" + i);      bean.setContent("这是内容_" + i);      bean.setType(i % 2 == 0 ? 1 : 2);      dataList.add(bean);    }  }  private void initViews() {    this.type_lv = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.type_lv);    adapter = new TypeAdapter(this, dataList);    type_lv.setAdapter(adapter);  }}//对应Adapterpublic class TypeAdapter extends BaseAdapter {  private Context mContext;  private List<TestBean> listDatas;  public TypeAdapter(Context mContext, List<TestBean> listDatas) {    this.mContext = mContext;    this.listDatas = listDatas;  }  @Override  public int getCount() {    return listDatas.size();  }  @Override  public Object getItem(int position) {    return listDatas.get(position);  }  @Override  public long getItemId(int position) {    return position;  }  @Override  public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {    ViewHolder holder = null;    //根据样式设置不同的布局及数据展示    int type = getItemViewType(position);    if (convertView == null) {      holder = new ViewHolder();      if (type == 1) {        convertView = LayoutInflater.from(mContext).inflate(R.layout.test_item, null);        holder.title = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.item_title);        holder.content = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.item_content);      } else {        convertView = LayoutInflater.from(mContext).inflate(R.layout.type_item, null);        holder.title = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.type_title);        holder.content = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.type_title);      }      convertView.setTag(holder);    } else {      holder = (ViewHolder) convertView.getTag();    }    holder.content.setText(listDatas.get(position).getContent());    holder.title.setText(listDatas.get(position).getTitle());    return convertView;  }//关键方法之getViewTypeCount:获取有多少种样式  @Override  public int getViewTypeCount() {    return 2;  }//关键方法之getItemViewType:获取item类型  @Override  public int getItemViewType(int position) {    return listDatas.get(position).getType();  }  final class ViewHolder {    TextView title;    TextView content;  }}

相关布局

activity_main.xml<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"  xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"  android:layout_width="match_parent"  android:layout_height="match_parent"  android:orientation="vertical">  <LinearLayout    android:id="@+id/operator_ll"    android:layout_width="match_parent"    android:layout_height="wrap_content"    android:orientation="horizontal">    <Button      android:id="@+id/add_btn"      android:layout_width="0dp"      android:layout_height="wrap_content"      android:layout_weight="1"      android:gravity="center"      android:text="添加" />    <Button      android:id="@+id/del_btn"      android:layout_width="0dp"      android:layout_height="wrap_content"      android:layout_weight="1"      android:gravity="center"      android:text="删除" />  </LinearLayout>  <ListView    android:id="@+id/test_lv"    android:layout_width="match_parent"    android:layout_height="wrap_content"    android:divider="#d1d1d1"<!--分隔线颜色-->    android:dividerHeight="1px"<!--分隔线高度-->    android:listSelector="@android:color/transparent"<!--取消默认点击效果-->    android:scrollbars="none"><!--隐藏滚动条-->    </ListView>  <ImageView    android:id="@+id/empty_iv"    android:layout_width="wrap_content"    android:layout_height="wrap_content"    android:layout_gravity="center"    android:layout_marginTop="100dp"    android:src="@mipmap/empty"    android:visibility="gone" /></LinearLayout>

activity_type.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"  xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"  android:layout_width="match_parent"  android:layout_height="match_parent"  android:orientation="vertical">  <ListView    android:id="@+id/type_lv"    android:layout_width="match_parent"    android:layout_height="wrap_content"    ></ListView></LinearLayout>

test_item.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:orientation="vertical" android:paddingLeft="15dp" android:layout_marginTop="5dp" android:layout_marginBottom="5dp"> <TextView  android:id="@+id/item_title"  android:layout_width="wrap_content"  android:layout_height="wrap_content"  android:text="Hello World!" /> <TextView  android:id="@+id/item_content"  android:layout_width="wrap_content"  android:layout_height="wrap_content"  android:layout_marginTop="5dp"  android:text="Hello World!" /></LinearLayout>

以上就是搜集的Android ListView常用小技巧全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助。

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