首页 > 编程 > Java > 正文

详解Java的Spring框架中bean的注入集合

2019-11-26 14:47:02
字体:
来源:转载
供稿:网友

使用value属性和使用<property>标签的ref属性在你的bean配置文件中的对象引用,这两种情况下可以处理单值到一个bean,如果你想通过多元值,如Java Collection类型List, Set, Map 及 Properties。要处理这种情况,Spring提供了四种类型的如下集合的配置元素:

2015125170730018.png (578×174)

可以使用<list> 或<set> 来连接任何实现java.util.Collection或数组。

会遇到两种情况(a)将收集的直接的值及(b)传递一个bean的引用作为集合的元素之一。

例子:
我们使用Eclipse IDE,然后按照下面的步骤来创建一个Spring应用程序:

2015125170747225.png (589×320)

这里是JavaCollection.java文件的内容:

package com.yiibai;import java.util.*;public class JavaCollection {  List addressList;  Set addressSet;  Map addressMap;  Properties addressProp;  // a setter method to set List  public void setAddressList(List addressList) {   this.addressList = addressList;  }  // prints and returns all the elements of the list.  public List getAddressList() {   System.out.println("List Elements :" + addressList);   return addressList;  }  // a setter method to set Set  public void setAddressSet(Set addressSet) {   this.addressSet = addressSet;  }  // prints and returns all the elements of the Set.  public Set getAddressSet() {   System.out.println("Set Elements :" + addressSet);   return addressSet;  }  // a setter method to set Map  public void setAddressMap(Map addressMap) {   this.addressMap = addressMap;  }  // prints and returns all the elements of the Map.  public Map getAddressMap() {   System.out.println("Map Elements :" + addressMap);   return addressMap;  }  // a setter method to set Property  public void setAddressProp(Properties addressProp) {   this.addressProp = addressProp;  }  // prints and returns all the elements of the Property.  public Properties getAddressProp() {   System.out.println("Property Elements :" + addressProp);   return addressProp;  }}

以下是MainApp.java文件的内容:

package com.yiibai;import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;public class MainApp {  public static void main(String[] args) {   ApplicationContext context =        new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("Beans.xml");   JavaCollection jc=(JavaCollection)context.getBean("javaCollection");   jc.getAddressList();   jc.getAddressSet();   jc.getAddressMap();   jc.getAddressProp();  }}

以下是配置文件beans.xml文件里面有配置的集合的所有类型:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd">  <!-- Definition for javaCollection -->  <bean id="javaCollection" class="com.yiibai.JavaCollection">   <!-- results in a setAddressList(java.util.List) call -->   <property name="addressList">    <list>      <value>INDIA</value>      <value>Pakistan</value>      <value>USA</value>      <value>USA</value>    </list>   </property>   <!-- results in a setAddressSet(java.util.Set) call -->   <property name="addressSet">    <set>      <value>INDIA</value>      <value>Pakistan</value>      <value>USA</value>      <value>USA</value>    </set>   </property>   <!-- results in a setAddressMap(java.util.Map) call -->   <property name="addressMap">    <map>      <entry key="1" value="INDIA"/>      <entry key="2" value="Pakistan"/>      <entry key="3" value="USA"/>      <entry key="4" value="USA"/>    </map>   </property>   <!-- results in a setAddressProp(java.util.Properties) call -->   <property name="addressProp">    <props>      <prop key="one">INDIA</prop>      <prop key="two">Pakistan</prop>      <prop key="three">USA</prop>      <prop key="four">USA</prop>    </props>   </property>  </bean></beans>

创建源代码和bean配置文件完成后,让我们运行应用程序。如果应用程序一切顺利,这将打印以下信息:

List Elements :[INDIA, Pakistan, USA, USA]Set Elements :[INDIA, Pakistan, USA]Map Elements :{1=INDIA, 2=Pakistan, 3=USA, 4=USA}Property Elements :{two=Pakistan, one=INDIA, three=USA, four=USA}

注入Bean引用:
下面bean定义将帮助您了解如何注入bean的引用作为集合的元素之一。甚至可以混合引用和值都在一起,如下图所示:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd">  <!-- Bean Definition to handle references and values -->  <bean id="..." class="...">   <!-- Passing bean reference for java.util.List -->   <property name="addressList">    <list>      <ref bean="address1"/>      <ref bean="address2"/>      <value>Pakistan</value>    </list>   </property>   <!-- Passing bean reference for java.util.Set -->   <property name="addressSet">    <set>      <ref bean="address1"/>      <ref bean="address2"/>      <value>Pakistan</value>    </set>   </property>   <!-- Passing bean reference for java.util.Map -->   <property name="addressMap">    <map>      <entry key="one" value="INDIA"/>      <entry key ="two" value-ref="address1"/>      <entry key ="three" value-ref="address2"/>    </map>   </property>  </bean></beans>

使用上面的bean定义,需要定义这样一种方式,他们应该能够处理的参考,以及setter方法。

注入null和空字符串的值
如果需要传递一个空字符串作为值,如下所示:

<bean id="..." class="exampleBean">  <property name="email" value=""/></bean>

前面的例子等同于Java代码: exampleBean.setEmail("")

如果需要传递一个null值,如下所示:

<bean id="..." class="exampleBean">  <property name="email"><null/></property></bean>

前面的例子等同于Java代码:exampleBean.setEmail(null)

发表评论 共有条评论
用户名: 密码:
验证码: 匿名发表