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java中struts2实现简单的文件上传与下载

2019-11-26 14:21:58
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一、Struts2文件上传
 Struts2的文件上传实现非常简单,只需要简单几步就可完成;
注意:
(1)文件上传的struts2标签为:<s:file name="" label="上传"/>
(2)文件上传的前提是表单属性method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data";
(3)web应用中必须包含common-fileupload.jar和common-io.jar,因为struts2默认上传解析器使用的是jakarta;
(4)可以在struts.xml中配置最大允许上传的文件大小:<constant name="struts.multipart.maxSize" value="....."/>,默认为2M;

1.普通文件上传
 实现规则:
(1)在JSP中设定表单控件<s:file name="upload" label="上传"/>
(2)在Action中定义属性:
private File upload;        //包含文件内容
private String uploadFileName;    //上传文件的名称;
private String uploadContentType;    //上传文件的MIME类型;
这些属性都会随着文件的上传自动赋值;
(3)在execute()中完成写入磁盘功能;

代码示例:
 Upload01Action.java

package org.upload.action;  import java.io.File; import java.io.FileInputStream; import java.io.FileOutputStream;  import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;  import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;  public class Upload01Action extends ActionSupport {   private File upload;   private String uploadFileName;   private String uploadContentType;   private String name;   public String execute()throws Exception{     String path = ServletActionContext.getServletContext().getRealPath("/WEB-INF/upload");     String filename = path+File.separator+name;     FileInputStream in = new FileInputStream(upload);     FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(filename);     byte[]b = new byte[1024];     int len = 0;     while((len=in.read(b))>0){       out.write(b,0,len);     }     out.close();     return SUCCESS;   }    public File getUpload() {     return upload;   }    public void setUpload(File upload) {     this.upload = upload;   }    public String getUploadFileName() {     return uploadFileName;   }    public void setUploadFileName(String uploadFileName) {     this.uploadFileName = uploadFileName;   }    public String getUploadContentType() {     return uploadContentType;   }    public void setUploadContentType(String uploadContentType) {     this.uploadContentType = uploadContentType;   }    public String getName() {     return name;   }    public void setName(String name) {     this.name = name;   }       } 

struts.xml

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC   "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"   "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd">  <struts>   <constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" />   <constant name="struts.custom.i18n.resources" value="message"></constant>   <package name="default" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">     <action name="upload0*" class="org.upload.action.Upload0{1}Action">       <param name="name">1.jpg</param>       <result>/{1}.jsp</result>     </action>   </package> </struts> 

1.jsp

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <%@taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %> <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> <html>  <head>     <title>My JSP '1.jsp' starting page</title>  </head>    <body>    <s:form action="upload01" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">     <s:file name="upload" label="上传"></s:file>     <s:submit value="上传"></s:submit>   </s:form>  </body> </html> 

 2.利用拦截器进行过滤
手动实现过滤的方式非常简单,就是利用输入校验的方式进行过滤,即在validate()中进行过滤;
而这里要讲的拦截器方式是很好的方式,只需要在配置文件中配置,灵活性很好,能够限制文件的类型、文件的大小;如果上传的文件不符合要求,则返回input逻辑视图; 

配置拦截器步骤: 

(1)文件上传的拦截器为fileUpload;
(2)需要给定参数allowedTypes、maximumSize;
(3)在fileUpload拦截器后,需要添加<interceptor-ref name="defaultStack"/> 

代码示例:
由于通过拦截器进行过滤只需要配置struts.xml,因此这里只给出struts.xml的配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC   "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"   "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd">  <struts>   <constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" />   <constant name="struts.custom.i18n.resources" value="message"></constant>   <package name="default" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">     <action name="upload0*" class="org.upload.action.Upload0{1}Action">       <interceptor-ref name="fileUpload">         <param name="allowedTypes">image/jpeg,image/gif</param>         <param name="maximumSize">1024*1024</param>       </interceptor-ref>       <interceptor-ref name="defaultStack"></interceptor-ref>       <param name="name">1.jpg</param>       <result>/{1}.jsp</result>       <result name="input">/{1}.jsp</result>     </action>   </package> </struts> 

我们还需要配置文件上传失败后的错误提示信息,我们需要在全局国际化资源文件中配置:

struts.messages.error.content.type.not.allowed=文件类型不匹配  struts.messages.error.file.too.large=文件太大 

二、Struts2文件下载
 我们在学习Servlet和HTTP协议时已经可以实现文件下载,即写content-disposition头即可,struts2的实现原理也是这个,但是提供了更好的封装性;
struts2的stream结果类型专门用于实现文件下载;
(1)struts.xml中配置stream结果类型,并配置contentType、contentDisposition、bufferSize参数即可,模板:

<action name="download" class="">   <result type="stream" name="success">     <param name="contentType"></param>     <param name="contentDisposition">attachment;filename=""</param>     <param name="bufferSize">4096</param>   </result> </action> 

(2)在Action中创建public InputStream getInputStream()throws Exception;方法,此方法用于获得下载文件的输入流;

DownloadAction.java

package org.download.action;  import java.io.InputStream;  import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;  import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;  public class DownloadAction extends ActionSupport {   public InputStream getInputStream()throws Exception{          return ServletActionContext.getServletContext().getResourceAsStream("/WEB-INF/upload/1.jpg");        }   public String execute()throws Exception{     return SUCCESS;   } } 

struts.xml

<action name="download" class="org.download.action.DownloadAction">       <result type="stream" name="success">         <param name="contentType">image/jpeg</param>         <param name="contentDisposition">attachment;filename="1.jpg"</param>         <param name="bufferSize">4096</param>       </result>     </action> 

 就可以完成下载。

java中struts2文件上传下载的实现就为大家介绍到这里,谢谢大家的阅读。

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