要求:分别以james,julie,mikey,sarah四个学生的名字建立文本文件,分别存储各自的成绩,时间格式都精确为分秒,时间越短成绩越好,分别输出每个学生的无重复的前三个最好成绩,且分秒的分隔符要统一为“.”
数据准备:分别建立四个文本文件
james.txt 2-34,3:21,2.34,2.45,3.01,2:01,2:01,3:10,2-22
julie.txt 2.59,2.11,2:11,2:23,3-10,2-23,3:10,3.21,3-21
mikey.txt 2:22,3.01,3:01,3.02,3:02,3.02,3:22,2.49,2:38
sarah.txt 2:58,2.58,2:39,2-25,2-55,2:54,2.18,2:55,2:55
代码实现:
import os
os.chdir('C:/Python33/HeadFirstPython/hfpy_code/chapter5') #将工作空间修改为文件所在的目录
#定义函数get_filedata从文件中取值
def get_filedata(filename):
try:
with open(filename) as f: #with语句打开和自动关闭文件
data=f.readline() #从文件中逐行读取字符
return (data.strip().split(',')) #将字符间的空格清除后,用逗号分隔字符
except IOError as ioerr:
print ('File Error' + str(ioerr)) #异常处理,打印错误
return (None)
#定义函数modify_time_format将所有文件中的时分表达方式统一为“分.秒”
def modify_time_format(time_string):
if "-" in time_string:
splitter="-"
elif ":" in time_string:
splitter=":"
else:
splitter="."
(mins, secs)=time_string.split(splitter) #用分隔符splitter分隔字符后分别存入mins和secs
return (mins+ '.' +secs)
#定义函数get_prev_three返回文件中排名前三的不重复的时间成绩
def get_prev_three(filename):
new_list=[modify_time_format(each_t) for each_t in get_filedata(filename)] #采用列表推导将统一时分表达方式后的记录生成新的列表
delete_repetition=set(new_list) #采用集合set函数删除新列表中重复项,并生成新的集合
in_order=sorted(delete_repetition) #采用复制排序sorted函数对无重复性的新集合进行排序
return (in_order[0:3]) #返回列表前三项
# 分别输出对应文件中排名前三的不重复的时间成绩
print (get_prev_three("james.txt"))
print (get_prev_three("julie.txt"))
print (get_prev_three("mikey.txt"))
print (get_prev_three("sarah.txt"))
输出结果:
['2.01', '2.22', '2.34']
['2.11', '2.23', '2.59']
['2.22', '2.38', '2.49']
['2.18', '2.25', '2.39']