在做页面中，多数情况下都会遇到页面上做动画效果，我们大部分做动画的时候都是使用框架来做（比如jquery），这里我介绍下如何让通过原生的js来实现像框架一样的动画效果！
1、匀速动画效果
说明：匀速动画就是动画的效果从开始到结束每次执行的速度都是一致的
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><title>匀速动画</title><style type="text/css"> html,body{margin:0;padding:0;} div{margin:0;padding:0;} .odiv{width:200px; height:200px; background:#f00; position:relative; left:-200px; top:100px;} .sdiv{width:20px; height:60px; background:#00f; position:absolute; top:70px; right:-20px;}</style></head><body><div id="odiv" class="odiv"> <div id="sdiv" class="sdiv"> </div></div></body></html><script language="javascript">window.onload = function(){ var odiv = document.getElementById('odiv'); odiv.onmouseover = function(){ startMover(0); } odiv.onmouseout = function(){ startMover(-200); }}var timer = null;function startMover(itarget){//目标值 clearInterval(timer);//执行当前动画同时清除之前的动画 var odiv = document.getElementById('odiv'); timer = setInterval(function(){ var speed = 0; if(odiv.offsetLeft > itarget){ speed = -1; } else{ speed = 1; } if(odiv.offsetLeft == itarget){ clearInterval(timer); } else{ odiv.style.left = odiv.offsetLeft+speed+'px'; } },30);}//注明：offsetWidth = width+padding+border//offsetHeight = height+padding+border//offsetWidth=(border-width)*2+(padding-left)+(width)+(padding-right)//offsetHeight=(border-width)*2+(padding-top)+(height)+(padding-bottom)/*offsetLeft=(offsetParent的padding-left)+(中间元素的offsetWidth)+(当前元素的margin-left)。offsetTop=(offsetParent的padding-top)+(中间元素的offsetHeight)+(当前元素的margin-top)。当offsetParent为body时情况比较特殊:在IE8/9/10及Chrome中，offsetLeft = (body的margin-left)+(body的border-width)+(body的padding-left)+(当前元素的margin-left)。在FireFox中，offsetLeft = (body的margin-left)+(body的padding-left)+(当前元素的margin-left)。offsetParent属性返回一个对象的引用，这个对象是距离调用offsetParent的元素最近的（在包含层次中最靠近的），并且是已进行过CSS定位的容器元素。 如果这个容器元素未进行CSS定位, 则offsetParent属性的取值为根元素的引用。总的来说两条规则：1、如果当前元素的父级元素没有进行CSS定位（position为absolute或relative），offsetParent为body。2、如果当前元素的父级元素中有CSS定位（position为absolute或relative），offsetParent取最近的那个父级元素。*/</script>2、缓冲动画
说明：缓冲动画就是动画到结束或这开始的时候，速度是随着动画执行的进度动态变化的
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><title>缓冲动画</title><style type="text/css"> html,body{margin:0;padding:0;} div{margin:0;padding:0;} .odiv{width:200px; height:200px; background:#f00; position:relative; left:-200px; top:100px;} .sdiv{width:20px; height:60px; background:#00f; position:absolute; top:70px; right:-20px;}</style></head><body><div id="odiv" class="odiv"> <div id="sdiv" class="sdiv"> </div></div></body></html><script language="javascript">window.onload = function(){ var odiv = document.getElementById('odiv'); odiv.onmouseover = function(){ startMover(0); } odiv.onmouseout = function(){ startMover(-200); }}var timer = null;function startMover(itarget){//速度和目标值 clearInterval(timer);//执行当前动画同时清除之前的动画 var odiv = document.getElementById('odiv'); timer = setInterval(function(){ var speed = (itarget-odiv.offsetLeft)/10;//缓冲动画的速度参数变化值 //如果速度是大于0，说明是向右走，那么就向上取整 speed = speed>0?Math.ceil(speed):Math.floor(speed); //Math.floor();向下取整 if(odiv.offsetLeft == itarget){ clearInterval(timer); } else{ //clientLeft 返回对象的offsetLeft属性值和到当前窗口左边的真实值之间的距离 odiv.style.left = odiv.offsetLeft+speed+'px'; } },30);}</script>3、透明度动画
说明：处理元素透明效果的动画
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><title>透明度动画</title><style type="text/css"> html,body{margin:0;padding:0;} div{margin:0;padding:0;} .odiv{width:200px; height:200px; background:#f00; position:relative; left:0px; top:100px;opacity:0.3; filter:alpha(opacity:30); float:left; margin:10px;}</style></head><body><div id="odiv" class="odiv"></div></body></html><script language="javascript">window.onload = function(){ var odiv = document.getElementsByTagName('div'); for(var i=0;i<odiv.length;i++) { odiv[i].onmouseover = function(){ startOP(this,100); } odiv[i].onmouseout = function(){ startOP(this,30); } odiv[i].timer = null;//事先定义 odiv[i].alpha = null;//事先定义 //这里发现一个问题，对象的动画属性可以不定义，但是透明度属性必须定义，否则报错 }}function startOP(obj,utarget){ clearInterval(obj.timer);//先关闭定时器 obj.timer = setInterval(function(){ var speed = 0; if(obj.alpha>utarget){ speed = -10; } else{ speed = 10; } obj.alpha = obj.alpha+speed; if(obj.alpha == utarget){ clearInterval(obj.timer); } obj.style.filter = 'alpha(opacity:'+obj.alpha+')';//基于IE的 obj.style.opacity = parseInt(obj.alpha)/100; },30); }</script>4、多物体动画
说明：多个物体在一起执行的动画效果
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><title>多物体动画</title><style type="text/css">body,div,dl,dt,dd,ul,ol,li,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,pre,form,fieldset,input,textarea,p,blockquote,th,tr,td {margin:0;padding:0; font-size:12px;} table {border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0;} fieldset,img {border:0} address,caption,cite,code,dfn,em,strong,th,var {font-style:normal;font-weight:normal} ol,ul {list-style:none} caption,th,td{text-align:center} h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6 {font-size:100%;font-weight:normal} q:before,q:after {content:''} abbr,acronym { border:0}.odiv{position:relative;}.odiv ul li{width:200px; height:100px; background:yellow; margin-bottom:20px;}</style></head><body><div id="odiv" class="odiv"> <ul> <li></li> <li></li> <li></li> </ul></div></body></html><script language="javascript">window.onload = function(){ var olist = document.getElementsByTagName('li'); for(var i=0; i<olist.length;i++) { olist[i].onmouseover = function(){ startmov(this,400); }; olist[i].onmouseleave = function(){ startmov(this,200); }; olist[i].timer = null; } function startmov(obj,itarget){ clearInterval(obj.timer);//执行动画之前清除动画 obj.timer = setInterval(function(){ var speed =0; speed = (itarget - obj.offsetWidth)/8; speed = speed>0?Math.ceil(speed):Math.floor(speed); if(obj.offsetWidth == itarget){ clearInterval(obj.timer); } else{ obj.style.width = obj.offsetWidth+speed+'px'; } },30); }}//offsetWidth获取的是元素实际的宽度（包括边框和内边距）//只要是多物体运动，所有的属性都不能共用</script>5、获取样式动画
说明:这里的获取样式是通过计算出来元素的样式，然后通过这个计算出来的结果来操作元素
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><title>样式动画</title><style type="text/css">body,div,dl,dt,dd,ul,ol,li,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,pre,form,fieldset,input,textarea,p,blockquote,th,tr,td {margin:0;padding:0; font-size:12px;} table {border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0;} fieldset,img {border:0} address,caption,cite,code,dfn,em,strong,th,var {font-style:normal;font-weight:normal} ol,ul {list-style:none} caption,th,td{text-align:center} h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6 {font-size:100%;font-weight:normal} q:before,q:after {content:''} abbr,acronym { border:0}.odiv{position:relative;width:200px; height:200px; border:2px solid #000; background:red; font-size:20px;}</style></head><body><div id="odiv" class="odiv"> hjshfjdfsdfhsdj</div></body></html><script language="javascript">/*currentStyle：获取计算后的样式，也叫当前样式、最终样式。优点：可以获取元素的最终样式，包括浏览器的默认值，而不像style只能获取行间样式，所以更常用到。注意：不能获取复合样式如background属性值，只能获取单一样式如background-color等。alert (oAbc.currentStyle);非常遗憾的是，这个好使的东西也不能被各大浏览器完美地支持。准确地说，在我测试的浏览器中，IE8和Opera 11弹出了“object CSSStyleDeclaration”；FF 12、chrome 14、safari 5则弹出“undefined”。虽然currentStyle无法适用于所有浏览器，但是可以根据以上测试的结果来区分开支持、不支持的浏览器，然后再找到兼容的写法。var oAbc = document.getElementById("abc");if(oAbc.currentStyle) { //IE、Opera alert("我支持currentStyle");} else { //FF、chrome、safari alert("我不支持currentStyle");}其实在FF浏览器中我们可以使用getComputedStyle(obj,false)来达到与IE下currentStyle相同的效果。getComputedStyle(obj,false)：在FF新版本中只需要第一个参数，即操作对象，第二个参数写“false”也是大家通用的写法，目的是为了兼容老版本的火狐浏览器。兼容写法：var oAbc = document.getElementById("abc");if(oAbc.currentStyle) { //IE、Opera //alert("我支持currentStyle"); alert(oAbc.currentStyle.width);} else { //FF、chrome、safari //alert("我不支持currentStyle"); alert(getComputedStyle(oAbc,false).width);}一个空白页面中body的id=”abc”，测试以上代码，IE和Opera弹出“auto”，其它三款浏览器则弹出“***px”。虽然结果不同，但是可以发现chrome和safari也都和火狐一样，顺利地读取到了属性值。不支持currentStyle的三款浏览器(FF、chrome、safari)，都是支持getComputedStyle的。结果表明：对浏览器是否支持currentStyle的判断 + getComputedStyle，就可以做到兼容各主流浏览器的效果。而且兼容写法并不复杂，你掌握了吗？^_^支持currentStyle：IE、Opera支持getComputedStyle：FireFox、Chrome、Safari注意最后的弹出内容，currentStyle返回浏览器的默认值”auto”，而getComputedStyle则返回具体的值”**px”。这应该是两者的一个小差异，有兴趣的童鞋可以一起交流研究下。*/window.onload = function(){ var odiv = document.getElementById('odiv'); odiv.onmouseover = function(){ startMov(this); }; function startMov(obj){ setInterval(function(){ obj.style.width = parseInt(getStyle(obj,'width'))+1+'px'; obj.style.fontSize = parseInt(getStyle(obj,'fontSize'))+1+'px'; },30); } function getStyle(obj,attr) { if(obj.currentStyle){ return obj.currentStyle[attr]; } else{ return getComputedStyle(obj,false)[attr]; } }}//offsetWidth获取的是元素实际的宽度（包括边框和内边距）//只要是多物体运动，所有的属性都不能共用</script>6、多物体复杂动画
说明：多物体复杂动画可以控制元素的不同属性变化来实现动画效果
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><title>多物体复杂动画</title><style type="text/css">body,div,dl,dt,dd,ul,ol,li,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,pre,form,fieldset,input,textarea,p,blockquote,th,tr,td {margin:0;padding:0; font-size:12px;} table {border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0;} fieldset,img {border:0} address,caption,cite,code,dfn,em,strong,th,var {font-style:normal;font-weight:normal} ol,ul {list-style:none} caption,th,td{text-align:center} h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6 {font-size:100%;font-weight:normal} q:before,q:after {content:''} abbr,acronym { border:0}.odiv{position:relative;}.odiv ul li{width:200px; height:100px; background:yellow; margin-bottom:20px; border:2px solid #000;}</style></head><body><div id="odiv" class="odiv"> <ul> <li id="li1"></li> <li id="li2"></li> </ul></div></body></html><script language="javascript">window.onload = function(){ var li1 = document.getElementById('li1'); var li2 = document.getElementById('li2'); li1.onmouseover = function(){ startMov(this,400,'width'); }; li1.onmouseout = function(){ startMov(this,200,'width'); }; li2.onmouseover = function(){ startMov(this,200,'height'); }; li2.onmouseout = function(){ startMov(this,100,'height'); }; function startMov(obj,itarget,attr){ clearInterval(obj.timer);//执行动画之前清除动画 obj.timer = setInterval(function(){ var icur = parseInt(getStyle(obj,attr)); var speed =0; speed = (itarget - icur)/8; speed = speed>0?Math.ceil(speed):Math.floor(speed); if(icur == itarget){ clearInterval(obj.timer); } else{ obj.style[attr] = icur+speed+'px'; } },30); } function getStyle(obj,attr) { if(obj.currentStyle){ return obj.currentStyle[attr]; } else{ return getComputedStyle(obj,false)[attr]; } }}//offsetWidth获取的是元素实际的宽度（包括边框和内边距）//只要是多物体运动，所有的属性都不能共用</script>7、多物体复杂动画（带透明度的）
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><title>多物体复杂动画(带透明度的)</title><style type="text/css">body,div,dl,dt,dd,ul,ol,li,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,pre,form,fieldset,input,textarea,p,blockquote,th,tr,td {margin:0;padding:0; font-size:12px;} table {border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0;} fieldset,img {border:0} address,caption,cite,code,dfn,em,strong,th,var {font-style:normal;font-weight:normal} ol,ul {list-style:none} caption,th,td{text-align:center} h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6 {font-size:100%;font-weight:normal} q:before,q:after {content:''} abbr,acronym { border:0}.odiv{position:relative;}.odiv ul li{width:200px; height:100px; background:yellow; margin-bottom:20px; border:2px solid #000;}#li1{opacity:0.3;filter:alpha(opacity:30);}</style></head><body><div id="odiv" class="odiv"> <ul> <li id="li1"></li> <li id="li2"></li> </ul></div></body></html><script language="javascript">window.onload = function(){ var li1 = document.getElementById('li1'); var li2 = document.getElementById('li2'); li1.onmouseover = function(){ startMov(this,100,'opacity'); }; li1.onmouseout = function(){ startMov(this,30,'opacity'); }; li2.onmouseover = function(){ startMov(this,200,'height'); }; li2.onmouseout = function(){ startMov(this,100,'height'); } li1.timer = null; li2.timer = null; function startMov(obj,itarget,attr){ clearInterval(obj.timer);//执行动画之前清除动画 obj.timer = setInterval(function(){ var icur = 0; if(attr == 'opacity'){ icur = Math.round(parseFloat(getStyle(obj,attr))*100);//转换成整数,并且四舍五入下 //计算机在计算小数的时候往往是不准确的！ } else{ icur = parseInt(getStyle(obj,attr)); } var speed =0; speed = (itarget - icur)/8; speed = speed>0?Math.ceil(speed):Math.floor(speed); if(icur == itarget){ clearInterval(obj.timer); } else{ if(attr == 'opacity'){ obj.style.filter = 'alpha(opacity:'+(icur+speed)+')'; obj.style.opacity = (icur+speed)/100; } else{ obj.style[attr] = icur+speed+'px'; } } },30); } function getStyle(obj,attr) { if(obj.currentStyle){ return obj.currentStyle[attr]; } else{ return getComputedStyle(obj,false)[attr]; } }}//offsetWidth获取的是元素实际的宽度（包括边框和内边距）//只要是多物体运动，所有的属性都不能共用</script>8、链式动画
说明：链式动画就是当前动画执行完成后执行下一个动画效果
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><title>链式动画</title><style type="text/css">body,div,dl,dt,dd,ul,ol,li,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,pre,form,fieldset,input,textarea,p,blockquote,th,tr,td {margin:0;padding:0; font-size:12px;} table {border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0;} fieldset,img {border:0} address,caption,cite,code,dfn,em,strong,th,var {font-style:normal;font-weight:normal} ol,ul {list-style:none} caption,th,td{text-align:center} h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6 {font-size:100%;font-weight:normal} q:before,q:after {content:''} abbr,acronym { border:0}.odiv{position:relative;}.odiv ul li{width:200px; height:100px; background:yellow; margin-bottom:20px; border:2px solid #000;}#li1{opacity:0.3;filter:alpha(opacity:30);}</style></head><body><div id="odiv" class="odiv"> <ul> <li id="li1"></li> </ul></div></body></html><script language="javascript">window.onload = function(){ var li1 = document.getElementById('li1'); li1.onmouseover = function(){ startMov(li1,400,'width',function(){ startMov(li1,200,'height',function(){ startMov(li1,100,'opacity'); }); }); }; li1.onmouseout = function(){ startMov(li1,30,'opacity',function(){ startMov(li1,100,'height',function(){ startMov(li1,100,'width'); }); }); }; li1.timer = null; function startMov(obj,itarget,attr,fn){//fn回调函数 clearInterval(obj.timer);//执行动画之前清除动画 obj.timer = setInterval(function(){ var icur = 0; if(attr == 'opacity'){ icur = Math.round(parseFloat(getStyle(obj,attr))*100);//转换成整数,并且四舍五入下 //计算机在计算小数的时候往往是不准确的！ } else{ icur = parseInt(getStyle(obj,attr)); } var speed =0; speed = (itarget - icur)/8; speed = speed>0?Math.ceil(speed):Math.floor(speed); if(icur == itarget){ clearInterval(obj.timer); if(fn){ fn(); } } else{ if(attr == 'opacity'){ obj.style.filter = 'alpha(opacity:'+(icur+speed)+')'; obj.style.opacity = (icur+speed)/100; } else{ obj.style[attr] = icur+speed+'px'; } } },30); } function getStyle(obj,attr) { if(obj.currentStyle){ return obj.currentStyle[attr]; } else{ return getComputedStyle(obj,false)[attr]; } }}//offsetWidth获取的是元素实际的宽度（包括边框和内边距）//只要是多物体运动，所有的属性都不能共用</script>9、多物体同时运动动画(支持链式动画)
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><title>多物体同时运动动画</title><style type="text/css">body,div,dl,dt,dd,ul,ol,li,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,pre,form,fieldset,input,textarea,p,blockquote,th,tr,td {margin:0;padding:0; font-size:12px;} table {border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0;} fieldset,img {border:0} address,caption,cite,code,dfn,em,strong,th,var {font-style:normal;font-weight:normal} ol,ul {list-style:none} caption,th,td{text-align:center} h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6 {font-size:100%;font-weight:normal} q:before,q:after {content:''} abbr,acronym { border:0}.odiv{position:relative;}.odiv ul li{width:200px; height:100px; background:yellow; margin-bottom:20px; border:2px solid #000;}#li1{opacity:0.3;filter:alpha(opacity:30);}</style></head><body><div id="odiv" class="odiv"> <ul> <li id="li1"></li> </ul></div></body></html><script language="javascript">window.onload = function(){ var li1 = document.getElementById('li1'); li1.onmouseover = function(){ startMov(li1,{width:201,height:200,opacity:100}); }; li1.onmouseout = function(){ startMov(li1,{width:200,height:100,opacity:30}); }; li1.timer = null; function startMov(obj,json,fn){//fn回调函数 clearInterval(obj.timer);//执行动画之前清除动画 var flag = true;//是否动画都完成了 obj.timer = setInterval(function(){ for(var attr in json){ var icur = 0; if(attr == 'opacity'){ icur = Math.round(parseFloat(getStyle(obj,attr))*100);//转换成整数,并且四舍五入下 //计算机在计算小数的时候往往是不准确的！ } else{ icur = parseInt(getStyle(obj,attr)); } var speed =0; speed = (json[attr] - icur)/8; speed = speed>0?Math.ceil(speed):Math.floor(speed); if(icur != json[attr]){ flag = false; } if(attr == 'opacity'){ obj.style.filter = 'alpha(opacity:'+(icur+speed)+')'; obj.style.opacity = (icur+speed)/100; } else{ obj.style[attr] = icur+speed+'px'; } if(flag){ clearInterval(obj.timer); if(fn){ fn(); } } } },30); } function getStyle(obj,attr) { if(obj.currentStyle){ return obj.currentStyle[attr]; } else{ return getComputedStyle(obj,false)[attr]; } }}//offsetWidth获取的是元素实际的宽度（包括边框和内边距）//只要是多物体运动，所有的属性都不能共用</script>最后一个动画效果完善了上述所有动画的代码，自己可以根据上述的代码进行扩展！
其实这九种原生js动画效果，都有独特之处，每个源码都可以直接复制运行，希望对大家掌握js动画有所帮助。
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