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学习使用bootstrap基本控件(table、form、button)

2019-11-20 10:16:25
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bootstrap为我们定义了简洁易用的样式,我们只需要很少的样式指定,就可以完成简约优雅的页面展示。
本篇主要介绍以下几个基本控件:
1. table
2. form
3. button

1. 表格(table)依旧使用<table><thead><tbody><tr><th><td>来表现表格。有如下的类来控制table的属性, table样式默认会占满父容器

 <div class="container"> <div class="row">  <div class="col-md-8 col-md-offset-2">  <table class="table table-bordered table-striped table-hover">  <tr>  <th>标题一</th>  <th>标题二</th>  <th>标题三</th>  </tr>  <tr>  <td>1</td>  <td>2</td>  <td>3</td>  </tr>  <tr>  <td>4</td>  <td>5</td>  <td>6</td>  </tr> </table>  </div> </div> </div>

将任何.table包裹在.table-responsive中即可创建响应式表格,其会在小屏幕设备上(小于768px)水平滚动。当屏幕大768px宽度时,水平滚动条消失。

2. 表单form, 有如个几种样式定义

lable与控件要用form-group类型的div包起来,默认表单如下

 <div class="container"> <form>  <div class="form-group">  <label for="exampleInputEmail1">Email address</label>  <input type="email" class="form-control" id="exampleInputEmail1"   placeholder="Enter email">  </div>  <div class="form-group">  <label for="exampleInputPassword1">Password</label>  <input type="password" class="form-control"   id="exampleInputPassword1" placeholder="Password">  </div>  <div class="checkbox">  <label> <input type="checkbox"> Check me out  </label>  </div>  <button type="submit" class="btn btn-default">Submit</button> </form> </div>

内联表单,为label指定sr-only类别,可隐藏掉标签,但必须 不可省略lable.

 <div class="container"> <form class="form-inline">  <div class="form-group">  <label for="exampleInputEmail1" class="sr-only">Email address</label>  <input type="email" class="form-control" id="exampleInputEmail1"   placeholder="Enter email">  </div>  <div class="form-group">  <label for="exampleInputPassword1">Password</label>  <input type="password" class="form-control"   id="exampleInputPassword1" placeholder="Password">  </div>  <div class="checkbox">  <label> <input type="checkbox"> Check me out  </label>  </div>  <button type="submit" class="btn btn-default">Submit</button> </form> </div>

水平类型的表单,要为lable与标签组指定长度, 采用栅格系统的布局方式。 label右对齐,标签组左对齐。  

 <div class="container"> <form class="form-horizontal">  <div class="form-group">   <label for="exampleInputEmail1" class="col-md-2 control-label">Email   address</label>  <div class="col-md-8">   <input type="email" class="form-control" id="exampleInputEmail1"   placeholder="Enter email">  </div>  </div>  <div class="form-group" >   <label for="exampleInputPassword1" class="col-md-2 control-label">Password</label>  <div class="col-md-8">   <input type="password" class="form-control"   id="exampleInputPassword1" placeholder="Password">  </div>  </div>  <div class="checkbox col-md-offset-2">  <label> <input type="checkbox"> Check me out  </label>  </div>  <button type="submit" class="btn btn-default col-md-offset-2">Submit</button> </form> </div>

form表单验证,bootstrap3支持表单的自定义验证。 加入req    uired表示表单必填,node.setCustomValidity可以设置表单的自定义验证

<div class="container"> <form class="form-horizontal">  <div class="form-group">  <label for="exampleInputEmail1" class="col-md-2 control-label">Email   address</label>  <div class="col-md-8">   <input type="email" class="form-control" id="exampleInputEmail1"   placeholder="Enter email" required>  </div>  </div>  <div class="form-group">  <label for="password1" class="col-md-2 control-label">Password</label>  <div class="col-md-8">   <input type="password" class="form-control"   id="password1" placeholder="Password" required onchange="checkPassword()">  </div>  </div><div class="form-group">  <label for="password2" class="col-md-2 control-label" onchange="checkPassword()"> Password2</label>  <div class="col-md-8">   <input type="password" class="form-control"   id="password2" placeholder="Password2" required>  </div>  </div>  <div class="checkbox col-md-offset-2">  <label> <input type="checkbox"> Check me out  </label>  </div>  <button type="submit" class="btn btn-default col-md-offset-2">Submit</button> </form> </div>  <script> function checkPassword() {  var pwd1 = $("#password1").val();  var pwd2 = $("#password2").val();  if (pwd1 != pwd2) {  document.getElementById("password1").setCustomValidity("两次输入的密码不一致");  } else {  document.getElementById("password1").setCustomValidity("");  }   } </script>

3. button的样式

使用.btn-lg、.btn-sm、.btn-xs可以获得不同尺寸的按钮, 给按钮添加.btn-block可以使其充满父节点100%的宽度,而且按钮也变为了块级(block)元素, <a>、<button>或<input>元素添加按钮class。 

 <div class="container"> <button type="button" class="btn btn-default btn-block">Default</button> <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary btn-block">Primary</button> <button type="button" class="btn btn-success">Success</button> <button type="button" class="btn btn-info">Info</button> <button type="button" class="btn btn-warning">Warning</button> <button type="button" class="btn btn-danger">Danger</button> <button type="button" class="btn btn-link">链接</button> <a class="btn btn-default" href="#" role="button">Link</a> <button class="btn btn-default" type="submit">Button</button> <input class="btn btn-default" type="button" value="Input"> <input class="btn btn-default" type="submit" value="Submit"> </div>

如果大家还想深入学习,可以点击这里进行学习,再为大家附两个精彩的专题:Bootstrap学习教程 Bootstrap实战教程

以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助。

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