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jquery事件绑定解绑机制源码解析

2019-11-20 08:57:19
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引子

为什么Jquery能实现不传回调函数也能解绑事件?如下:

$("p").on("click",function(){  alert("The paragraph was clicked.");});$("#box1").off("click");

事件绑定解绑机制

调用on函数的时候,将生成一份事件数据,结构如下:

{  type: type,  origType: origType,  data: data,  handler: handler,  guid: guid,  selector: selector,  needsContext: needsContext,  namespace: namespace}

并将该数据加入到元素的缓存中。jquery中每个元素都可以有一个缓存(只有有需要的时候才生成),其实就是该元素的一个属性。jquery为每个元素的每种事件都建立一个队列,用来保存事件处理函数,所以可以对一个元素添加多个事件处理函数。缓存的结构如下:

"div#box":{ //元素  "Jquery623873":{ //元素的缓存    "events":{       "click":[       {  //元素click事件的事件数据             type: type,             origType: origType,             data: data,             handler: handler,             guid: guid,             selector: selector,             needsContext: needsContext,             namespace: namespace               }      ],      "mousemove":[       {             type: type,             origType: origType,             data: data,             handler: handler,             guid: guid,             selector: selector,             needsContext: needsContext,             namespace: namespace               }      ]    }  }}

当要解绑事件的时候,如果没指定fn参数,jquery就会从该元素的缓存里拿到要解绑的事件的处理函数队列,从里面拿出fn参数,然后调用removeEventListener进行解绑。

源代码

代码注释可能不太清楚,可以复制出来看

jquery原型中的on,one,off方法:

事件绑定从这里开始

jQuery.fn.extend( {  on: function( types, selector, data, fn ) {    return on( this, types, selector, data, fn );  },  one: function( types, selector, data, fn ) {    return on( this, types, selector, data, fn, 1 );  },  off: function( types, selector, fn ) {    //此处省略处理参数的代码    return this.each( function() {      jQuery.event.remove( this, types, fn, selector );    } );  }} );

独立出来供one和on调用的on函数:

function on( elem, types, selector, data, fn, one ) {  var origFn, type;  //此处省略处理参数的代码  //是否是通过one绑定,是的话使用一个函数代理当前事件回调函数,代理函数只执行一次  //这里使用到了代理模式  if ( one === 1 ) {       origFn = fn;    fn = function( event ) {      // Can use an empty set, since event contains the info      jQuery().off( event );      return origFn.apply( this, arguments );    };    // Use same guid so caller can remove using origFn    fn.guid = origFn.guid || ( origFn.guid = jQuery.guid++ );  }  /************************************************  *** jquery将所有选择到的元素到放到一个数组里,然后  *** 对每个元素到使用event对象的add方法绑定事件  *************************************************/  return elem.each( function() {    jQuery.event.add( this, types, fn, data, selector );  } );}

处理参数的代码也可以看一下,实现on("click",function(){})这样调用 on:function(types, selector, data, fn)也不会出错。其实就是内部判断,如果data, fn参数为空的时候,把selector赋给fn 

event对象是事件绑定的一个关键对象:

这里处理把事件绑定到元素和把事件信息添加到元素缓存的工作:

jQuery.event = {  add: function( elem, types, handler, data, selector ) {    var handleObjIn, eventHandle, tmp,      events, t, handleObj,      special, handlers, type, namespaces, origType,      elemData = dataPriv.get( elem );  //这句将检查elem是否被缓存,如果没有将会创建一个缓存添加到elem元素上。形式诸如:elem["jQuery310057655476080253721"] = {}    // Don't attach events to noData or text/comment nodes (but allow plain objects)    if ( !elemData ) {      return;    }    //用户可以传入一个自定义数据对象来代替事件回调函数,将事件回调函数放在这个数据对象的handler属性里    if ( handler.handler ) {      handleObjIn = handler;      handler = handleObjIn.handler;      selector = handleObjIn.selector;    }    //每个事件回调函数都会生成一个唯一的id,以后find/remove的时候会用到    if ( !handler.guid ) {      handler.guid = jQuery.guid++;    }    // 如果元素第一次绑定事件,则初始化元素的事件数据结构和主回调函数(main)    //说明:每个元素有一个主回调函数,作为绑定多个事件到该元素时的回调的入口    if ( !( events = elemData.events ) ) {      events = elemData.events = {};    }    //这里就是初始化主回调函数的代码    if ( !( eventHandle = elemData.handle ) ) {      eventHandle = elemData.handle = function( e ) {        // Discard the second event of a jQuery.event.trigger() and        // when an event is called after a page has unloaded        return typeof jQuery !== "undefined" && jQuery.event.triggered !== e.type ?          jQuery.event.dispatch.apply( elem, arguments ) : undefined;      };    }    // 处理事件绑定,考虑到可能会通过空格分隔传入多个事件,这里要进行多事件处理    types = ( types || "" ).match( rnotwhite ) || [ "" ];    t = types.length;    while ( t-- ) {      tmp = rtypenamespace.exec( types[ t ] ) || [];       type = origType = tmp[ 1 ];      namespaces = ( tmp[ 2 ] || "" ).split( "." ).sort();      // There *must* be a type, no attaching namespace-only handlers      if ( !type ) {        continue;      }      // If event changes its type, use the special event handlers for the changed type      special = jQuery.event.special[ type ] || {};      // If selector defined, determine special event api type, otherwise given type      type = ( selector ? special.delegateType : special.bindType ) || type;      // Update special based on newly reset type      special = jQuery.event.special[ type ] || {};      // 事件回调函数的数据对象      handleObj = jQuery.extend( {        type: type,        origType: origType,        data: data,        handler: handler,        guid: handler.guid,        selector: selector,        needsContext: selector && jQuery.expr.match.needsContext.test( selector ),        namespace: namespaces.join( "." )      }, handleObjIn );      // 加入第一次绑定该类事件,会初始化一个数组作为事件回调函数队列,每个元素的每一种事件有一个队列      if ( !( handlers = events[ type ] ) ) {        handlers = events[ type ] = [];        handlers.delegateCount = 0;        // Only use addEventListener if the special events handler returns false        if ( !special.setup ||          special.setup.call( elem, data, namespaces, eventHandle ) === false ) {          if ( elem.addEventListener ) {            elem.addEventListener( type, eventHandle );          }        }      }      if ( special.add ) {        special.add.call( elem, handleObj );        if ( !handleObj.handler.guid ) {          handleObj.handler.guid = handler.guid;        }      }      // 加入到事件回调函数队列      if ( selector ) {        handlers.splice( handlers.delegateCount++, 0, handleObj );      } else {        handlers.push( handleObj );      }      // Keep track of which events have ever been used, for event optimization      // 用来追踪哪些事件从未被使用,用以优化      jQuery.event.global[ type ] = true;    }  }};

千万注意,对象和数组传的是引用!比如将事件数据保存到缓存的代码:

handlers = events[ type ] = [];if ( selector ) {  handlers.splice( handlers.delegateCount++, 0, handleObj );} else {  handlers.push( handleObj );}

handlers的改变,events[ type ]会同时改变。

dataPriv就是管理缓存的对象:

其工作就是给元素创建一个属性,这个属性是一个对象,然后把与这个元素相关的信息放到这个对象里面,缓存起来。这样需要使用到这个对象的信息时,只要知道这个对象就可以拿到:

function Data() {  this.expando = jQuery.expando + Data.uid++;}Data.uid = 1;//删除部分没用到代码Data.prototype = {  cache: function( owner ) {    // 取出缓存,可见缓存就是目标对象的一个属性    var value = owner[ this.expando ];    // 如果对象还没有缓存,则创建一个    if ( !value ) {      value = {};      // We can accept data for non-element nodes in modern browsers,      // but we should not, see #8335.      // Always return an empty object.      if ( acceptData( owner ) ) {        // If it is a node unlikely to be stringify-ed or looped over        // use plain assignment        if ( owner.nodeType ) {          owner[ this.expando ] = value;        // Otherwise secure it in a non-enumerable property        // configurable must be true to allow the property to be        // deleted when data is removed        } else {          Object.defineProperty( owner, this.expando, {            value: value,            configurable: true          } );        }      }    }    return value;  },  get: function( owner, key ) {    return key === undefined ?      this.cache( owner ) :      // Always use camelCase key (gh-2257) 驼峰命名      owner[ this.expando ] && owner[ this.expando ][ jQuery.camelCase( key ) ];  },  remove: function( owner, key ) {    var i,      cache = owner[ this.expando ];    if ( cache === undefined ) {      return;    }    if ( key !== undefined ) {      // Support array or space separated string of keys      if ( jQuery.isArray( key ) ) {        // If key is an array of keys...        // We always set camelCase keys, so remove that.        key = key.map( jQuery.camelCase );      } else {        key = jQuery.camelCase( key );        // If a key with the spaces exists, use it.        // Otherwise, create an array by matching non-whitespace        key = key in cache ?          [ key ] :          ( key.match( rnotwhite ) || [] );      }      i = key.length;      while ( i-- ) {        delete cache[ key[ i ] ];      }    }    // Remove the expando if there's no more data    if ( key === undefined || jQuery.isEmptyObject( cache ) ) {      // Support: Chrome <=35 - 45      // Webkit & Blink performance suffers when deleting properties      // from DOM nodes, so set to undefined instead      // https://bugs.chromium.org/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=378607 (bug restricted)      if ( owner.nodeType ) {        owner[ this.expando ] = undefined;      } else {        delete owner[ this.expando ];      }    }  },  hasData: function( owner ) {    var cache = owner[ this.expando ];    return cache !== undefined && !jQuery.isEmptyObject( cache );  }};

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