1.整体架构
BootStrap框架公共六个部分：(css组件和js插件是其表现形式，其余的是基础支撑平台)
表现形式
CSS组件
JS插件
基础支撑平台
CSS12栅格系统
基础布局组件
jQuery
响应式设计
1.1 CSS12栅格系统
12栅格系统是BootStrap的核心功能，也是响应式设计核心理念的一个实现方式。
1.1.1 实现原理
栅格布局原理：定义容器大小，平分12分，在调整内外边距，最后结合媒体查询，制作出强大响应式的栅格系统。
1.最外层的边框，伴随着响应式思想，区分了四种类型浏览器，像素分界点768px、992px、1200px
2.第二层的边框，即.container样式容器，针对四种浏览器宽度不一样，值是自动、750px、970px、1170px
//源码 .container { padding-right: 15px; padding-left: 15px; margin-right: auto; margin-left: auto; } @media (min-width: 768px) { .container { width: 750px; } } @media (min-width: 992px) { .container { width: 970px; } } @media (min-width: 1200px) { .container { width: 1170px; } }3.1号横条，左内边距和右内边距是15px，是12个col-lg-1，没有row，则会
//源码.col-xs-1, .col-sm-1, .col-md-1, .col-lg-1, .col-xs-2, .col-sm-2, .col-md-2, .col-lg-2, .col-xs-3, .col-sm-3, .col-md-3, .col-lg-3, .col-xs-4, .col-sm-4, .col-md-4, .col-lg-4, .col-xs-5, .col-sm-5, .col-md-5, .col-lg-5, .col-xs-6, .col-sm-6, .col-md-6, .col-lg-6, .col-xs-7, .col-sm-7, .col-md-7, .col-lg-7, .col-xs-8, .col-sm-8, .col-md-8, .col-lg-8, .col-xs-9, .col-sm-9, .col-md-9, .col-lg-9, .col-xs-10, .col-sm-10, .col-md-10, .col-lg-10, .col-xs-11, .col-sm-11, .col-md-11, .col-lg-11, .col-xs-12, .col-sm-12, .col-md-12, .col-lg-12 { position: relative; min-height: 1px; padding-right: 15px; padding-left: 15px; }
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"> <!-- Bootstrap从3.0版本开始全面支持移动平台，贯彻移动先行宗旨 --> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <title>Bootstrap 101 Template</title> <!-- Bootstrap --> <link href="bootstrap-3.3.7-dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <div class="container" style="border:1px solid black"> <div class="col-lg-1" style="border:1px solid black">col-lg-1</div> <div class="col-lg-1" style="border:1px solid black">col-lg-1</div> <div class="col-lg-1">col-lg-1</div> <div class="col-lg-1">col-lg-1</div> <div class="col-lg-1">col-lg-1</div> <div class="col-lg-1">col-lg-1</div> <div class="col-lg-1">col-lg-1</div> <div class="col-lg-1">col-lg-1</div> <div class="col-lg-1">col-lg-1</div> <div class="col-lg-1">col-lg-1</div> <div class="col-lg-1">col-lg-1</div> <div class="col-lg-1" style="border:1px solid black">col-lg-1</div> </div> <!-- bootstrap是基于jQuery--> <script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.12.4/jquery.min.js"></script> <script src="bootstrap-3.3.7-dist/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script> </body> </html>
4.2号横条，也就是row容器的定义,margin-left和margin-right都是-15px，组合row和列后，形成3号横条的效果，也就是左右宽度用满的效果。
//源码 .row { margin-right: -15px; margin-left: -15px; }有row，则会没边距
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"> <!-- Bootstrap从3.0版本开始全面支持移动平台，贯彻移动先行宗旨 --> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <title>Bootstrap 101 Template</title> <!-- Bootstrap --> <link href="bootstrap-3.3.7-dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <div class="container" style="border:1px solid black"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-lg-1" style="border:1px solid black">col-lg-1</div> <div class="col-lg-1" style="border:1px solid black">col-lg-1</div> <div class="col-lg-1">col-lg-1</div> <div class="col-lg-1">col-lg-1</div> <div class="col-lg-1">col-lg-1</div> <div class="col-lg-1">col-lg-1</div> <div class="col-lg-1">col-lg-1</div> <div class="col-lg-1">col-lg-1</div> <div class="col-lg-1">col-lg-1</div> <div class="col-lg-1">col-lg-1</div> <div class="col-lg-1">col-lg-1</div> <div class="col-lg-1" style="border:1px solid black">col-lg-1</div> </div> </div> <!-- bootstrap是基于jQuery--> <script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.12.4/jquery.min.js"></script> <script src="bootstrap-3.3.7-dist/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script> </body> </html>
1.1.2 基本用法
1.列组合
<div class="container" style="border:1px solid black"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-lg-8" style="border:1px solid black">col-lg-8</div> <div class="col-lg-4" style="border:1px solid black">col-lg-4</div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-lg-6" style="border:1px solid black">col-lg-6</div> <div class="col-lg-6" style="border:1px solid black">col-lg-6</div> </div></div>
实现很简单，就是涉及了两个CSS特性：左浮动和宽度百分比
//源码@media (min-width: 1200px) { .col-lg-1, .col-lg-2, .col-lg-3, .col-lg-4, .col-lg-5, .col-lg-6, .col-lg-7, .col-lg-8, .col-lg-9, .col-lg-10, .col-lg-11, .col-lg-12 { float: left; } .col-lg-12 { width: 100%; } .col-lg-11 { width: 91.66666667%; } .col-lg-10 { width: 83.33333333%; } .col-lg-9 { width: 75%; } .col-lg-8 { width: 66.66666667%; } .col-lg-7 { width: 58.33333333%; } .col-lg-6 { width: 50%; } .col-lg-5 { width: 41.66666667%; } .col-lg-4 { width: 33.33333333%; } .col-lg-3 { width: 25%; } .col-lg-2 { width: 16.66666667%; } .col-lg-1 { width: 8.33333333%; }}2.列偏移
我们不想让相邻的列挨在一起，则利用栅格系统的列偏移.col-xs(sm,md,lg)-offset-* 功能来实现，不必再定义margin
<div class="row"> <div class="col-lg-8 col-lg-offset-2" style="border:1px solid black">col-lg-8 col-lg-offset-2</div> <div class="col-lg-2 col-lg-offset-2" style="border:1px solid black">col-lg-2 col-lg-offset-2</div></div>
//源码.col-lg-offset-12 { margin-left: 100%;}.col-lg-offset-11 { margin-left: 91.66666667%;}.col-lg-offset-10 { margin-left: 83.33333333%;}.col-lg-offset-9 { margin-left: 75%;}.col-lg-offset-8 { margin-left: 66.66666667%;}.col-lg-offset-7 { margin-left: 58.33333333%;}.col-lg-offset-6 { margin-left: 50%;}.col-lg-offset-5 { margin-left: 41.66666667%;}.col-lg-offset-4 { margin-left: 33.33333333%;}.col-lg-offset-3 { margin-left: 25%;}.col-lg-offset-2 { margin-left: 16.66666667%;}.col-lg-offset-1 { margin-left: 8.33333333%;}.col-lg-offset-0 { margin-left: 0;}3.列嵌套
栅格系统也支持列嵌套，也就是一个列中可以在声明一个或者多个行.内部嵌套的row宽度是100%，就是当前外部列的宽度
<div class="row"> <div class="col-lg-8" style="border:1px solid black">col-lg-8</div> <div class="col-lg-4" style="border:1px solid black"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-lg-6">col-lg-6</div> <div class="col-lg-6">col-lg-6</div> </div> </div></div>
4.列排序
列排序就是改变列的方向，也就是改变左右浮动，并且设置浮动的距离。可以通过.col-xs(sm,md,lg)-pull(push)-*
所有列设置的都是左浮动，通过设置left和right来实现定位显示。push则设置left，pull则设置right
其实只是利用了float，left，right三个属性就实现了这种效果
//源码.col-lg-pull-12 { right: 100%;}.col-lg-pull-11 { right: 91.66666667%;}.col-lg-pull-10 { right: 83.33333333%;}.col-lg-pull-9 { right: 75%;}.col-lg-pull-8 { right: 66.66666667%;}.col-lg-pull-7 { right: 58.33333333%;}.col-lg-pull-6 { right: 50%;}.col-lg-pull-5 { right: 41.66666667%;}.col-lg-pull-4 { right: 33.33333333%;}.col-lg-pull-3 { right: 25%;}.col-lg-pull-2 { right: 16.66666667%;}.col-lg-pull-1 { right: 8.33333333%;}.col-lg-pull-0 { right: auto;}.col-lg-push-12 { left: 100%;}.col-lg-push-11 { left: 91.66666667%;}.col-lg-push-10 { left: 83.33333333%;}.col-lg-push-9 { left: 75%;}.col-lg-push-8 { left: 66.66666667%;}.col-lg-push-7 { left: 58.33333333%;}.col-lg-push-6 { left: 50%;}.col-lg-push-5 { left: 41.66666667%;}.col-lg-push-4 { left: 33.33333333%;}.col-lg-push-3 { left: 25%;}.col-lg-push-2 { left: 16.66666667%;}.col-lg-push-1 { left: 8.33333333%;}.col-lg-push-0 { left: auto;}1.1.3 响应式栅格
已知col-xs-* col-sm-* col-md-* col-lg-*
1.跨设备组合定义
一种样式（比如col-md-9）在其定义的尺寸范围以外是不起作用的，比如，在小型或者大型屏幕上，所有带有md的样式都不会生效。我们可以在一个元素上应用不同的样式，以适配不同尺寸的屏幕。
<div class="container" style="border:1px solid black"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-6 col-sm-3" style="border:1px solid black"> div1 col-xs-6 col-sm-3 qwerwrgwefhsdgfsdfg</div> <div class="col-xs-6 col-sm-3" style="border:1px solid black"> div2 col-xs-6 col-sm-3</div> <div class="clearfix visible-xs"></div> <div class="col-xs-6 col-sm-3" style="border:1px solid black"> div3 col-xs-6 col-sm-3</div> <div class="col-xs-6 col-sm-3" style="border:1px solid black"> div4 col-xs-6 col-sm-3</div> </div></div>
如图，由于div3换行时，但div1过高，则div3就右边紧挨着显示了。
所以需要利用clearfix样式清除浮动，但前提是在超小型屏幕上才显示(用visible-xs控制)
<div class="container" style="border:1px solid black"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-6 col-sm-3" style="border:1px solid black"> div1 col-xs-6 col-sm-3 qwerwrgwefhsdgfsdfg</div> <div class="col-xs-6 col-sm-3" style="border:1px solid black"> div2 col-xs-6 col-sm-3</div> <div class="clearfix visible-xs"></div> <div class="col-xs-6 col-sm-3" style="border:1px solid black"> div3 col-xs-6 col-sm-3</div> <div class="col-xs-6 col-sm-3" style="border:1px solid black"> div4 col-xs-6 col-sm-3</div> </div></div>
//源代码.clearfix:before,.clearfix:after,.dl-horizontal dd:before,.dl-horizontal dd:after,.container:before,.container:after,.container-fluid:before,.container-fluid:after,.row:before,.row:after,.form-horizontal .form-group:before,.form-horizontal .form-group:after,.btn-toolbar:before,.btn-toolbar:after,.btn-group-vertical > .btn-group:before,.btn-group-vertical > .btn-group:after,.nav:before,.nav:after,.navbar:before,.navbar:after,.navbar-header:before,.navbar-header:after,.navbar-collapse:before,.navbar-collapse:after,.pager:before,.pager:after,.panel-body:before,.panel-body:after,.modal-header:before,.modal-header:after,.modal-footer:before,.modal-footer:after { display: table; content: " ";}.clearfix:after,.dl-horizontal dd:after,.container:after,.container-fluid:after,.row:after,.form-horizontal .form-group:after,.btn-toolbar:after,.btn-group-vertical > .btn-group:after,.nav:after,.navbar:after,.navbar-header:after,.navbar-collapse:after,.pager:after,.panel-body:after,.modal-header:after,.modal-footer:after { clear: both;}//源代码@media (max-width: 767px) { .visible-xs { display: block !important; } table.visible-xs { display: table !important; } tr.visible-xs { display: table-row !important; } th.visible-xs, td.visible-xs { display: table-cell !important; }}以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持武林网。
新闻热点
疑难解答
