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JavaScript基于Dom操作实现查找、修改HTML元素的内容及属性的方法

2019-11-19 17:51:24
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本文实例讲述了JavaScript基于Dom操作实现查找、修改HTML元素的内容及属性的方法。分享给大家供大家参考,具体如下:

当网页被加载时,浏览器会创建页面的文档对象模型(Document Object Model)。HTML DOM 模型被构造为对象的树。

通过可编程的对象模型,JavaScript 获得了足够的能力来创建动态的 HTML。例如:改变HTML元素,改变HTML属性,改变CSS样式,事件响应。

效果图:

代码:

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN""http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><meta http-equiv="Content-Language" content="zh-cn" /><title>Javascript HTML DOM</title><head> <style type="text/css">  body {background-color:#eeeeee} </style></head><body> <h3>(一)通过 id 查找 HTML 元素</h3> <p id = "hw">Hello world!</p> <script>  x = document.getElementById("hw");  document.write('<p>id="hw"的段落的文本是:'+x.innerHTML+'</p>'); </script> <button onclick = "setCurrentTime()">将id="hw"的文字改为当前时间</button> <script>  function setCurrentTime(){   x = document.getElementById("hw");   x.innerHTML = Date()  } </script> <h3>(二)通过 标签名 查找 HTML 元素</h3> <div id = "mainDiv">  <p>This is a paragragph.</p>  <p>This is another paragragph.</p>  <p>Yes you're right! This is also paragragph.</p> </div> <script>  xx = document.getElementById("mainDiv");  tagContents = xx.getElementsByTagName("p");  document.write("<p>使用Javascript查找id为mainDiv下的p标签的内容</p>");  for(i=0;;i++){   var tag = tagContents[i]   if(tag!=null){    document.write("<p>"+tag.innerHTML+"</p>")   }else{    document.write("<p>共有"+i+"条内容</p>")    break;   }  } </script> <h3>(三)修改 HTML 的属性</h3> <img id = "bol" src = "images/eg_bulboff.gif" width="70px" height="120px"/> <p><button onclick = "changeSrc()">改变图片资源</button></p> <script>  function changeSrc(){   x = document.getElementById("bol");   if (x.src.match("eg_bulboff.gif")){    x.src = "images/eg_bulbon.gif"   }else{    x.src = "images/eg_bulboff.gif"   }  } </script> <h3>(四)修改 CSS 样式</h3> <p>  <span id = "para_1">This is a test paragraph.</span>  <button onclick="changeTextColor()">改变文字颜色</button> </p> <p>  <span id = "para_2">This is another paragraph.  <button onclick="changeTextFont()">改变字体</button> </p> <p>  <span id = "para_3">This is HELLO WORLD.</span>  <button onclick="changeTextSize()">改变字号</button> </p> <p>  <button onclick="changeVisibility()">显示/隐藏</button>  <span id = "para_4">示例文字</span> </p> <script>  function changeTextColor(){   ele_1 = document.getElementById("para_1");   ele_1.style.color = "red";  }  function changeTextFont(){   ele_2 = document.getElementById("para_2");   ele_2.style.fontFamily = "Arial";  }  function changeTextSize(){   ele_3 = document.getElementById("para_3");   ele_3.style.fontSize = "larger";  }  document.getElementById("para_4").style.visibility = "visible"  function changeVisibility(){   ele_4 = document.getElementById("para_4");   if(ele_4.style.visibility.match("visible")){    ele_4.style.visibility = "hidden"   }else{    ele_4.style.visibility = "visible"   }  } </script></body></html>

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希望本文所述对大家JavaScript程序设计有所帮助。

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