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微信小程序canvas拖拽、截图组件功能

2019-11-19 13:02:43
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先看下微信小程序canvas拖拽功能

组件地址

github.com/jasondu/wx-… readme近期补上

实现效果

如何实现

  1. 使用canvas
  2. 使用movable-view标签

由于movable-view无法实现旋转,所以选择使用canvas

需要解决的问题

  • 如何将多个元素渲染到canvas上
  • 如何知道手指在元素上、如果多个元素重叠如何知道哪个元素在最上层
  • 如何实现拖拽元素
  • 如何缩放、旋转、删除元素

看起来挺简单的嘛,就把上面这几个问题解决了,就可以实现功能了;接下来我们一一解决。

如何将多个元素渲染到canvas上

定义一个DragGraph类,传入元素的各种属性(坐标、尺寸…)实例化后推入一个 渲染数组 里,然后再循环这个数组调用实例中的渲染方法,这样就可以把多个元素渲染到canvas上了。

如何知道手指在元素上、如果多个元素重叠如何知道哪个元素在最上层

在DragGraph类中定义了判断点击位置的方法,我们在canvas上绑定touchstart事件,将手指的坐标传入上面的方法,我们就可以知道手指是点击到元素本身,还是删除图标或者变换大小的图标上了,这个方法具体怎么判断后面会讲解。

通过循环 渲染数组 判断是非点击到哪个元素到,如果点击中了多个元素,也就是多个元素重叠,那第一个元素就是最上层的元素啦。

###如何实现拖拽元素

通过上面我们可以判断手指是否在元素上,当touchstart事件触发时我们记录当前的手指坐标,当touchmove事件触发时,我们也知道这时的坐标,两个坐标取差值,就可以得出元素位移的距离啦,修改这个元素实例的x和y,再重新循环渲染 渲染数组 就可以实现拖拽的功能。

如何缩放、旋转、删除元素

这一步相对比较难一点,我会通过示意图跟大家讲解。

我们先讲缩放和旋转

通过touchstart和touchmove我们可以获得旋转前的旋转后的坐标,图中的线A为元素的中点和旋转前点的连线;线B为元素中点和旋转后点的连线;我们只需要求A和B两条线的夹角就可以知道元素旋转的角度。缩放尺寸为A和B两条线长度之差。

计算旋转角度的代码如下:

const centerX = (this.x + this.w) / 2; // 中点坐标const centerY = (this.y + this.h) / 2; // 中点坐标const diffXBefore = px - centerX;  // 旋转前坐标const diffYBefore = py - centerY;  // 旋转前坐标const diffXAfter = x - centerX;   // 旋转后坐标const diffYAfter = y - centerY;   // 旋转后坐标const angleBefore = Math.atan2(diffYBefore, diffXBefore) / Math.PI * 180;const angleAfter = Math.atan2(diffYAfter, diffXAfter) / Math.PI * 180;// 旋转的角度this.rotate = currentGraph.rotate + angleAfter - angleBefore;

计算缩放尺寸的代码如下:

// 放大 或 缩小this.x = currentGraph.x - (x - px);this.y = currentGraph.y - (x - px);

下面介绍下小程序canvas截图组件

最近做一个小程序的过程中,需要用到截图功能,网上搜了一下,发现没有符合要求的,就自己搞了个组件,方便复用。

目前功能很简单,传入宽高和图片路径即可,宽高是为了计算截图的比例,只支持缩放和移动。

实现思路是:

1.模拟一个截取框;

2.移动图片位置,缩放图片;

3.获取图片在其中的位置(left,top,width,height);

4.使用canvas绘制图片,然后截取就ok了。

其中第二步的缩放图片比较麻烦,缩放中心点以及平滑缩放

以下是我的实现方式

wxml:

<!--component/picPro/picPro.wxml--><scroll-view class='body' hidden="{{hidden}}"><view class='flex-column flex-between full-height full-width' bindtouchstart="touchstart" bindtouchmove="touchmove" bindtouchend="touchend"><view class='bg_dark out_item'></view><view class='flex-row main flex-between' style='height:{{(windowWidth - margin.left - margin.right)/ratio + "px"}}'><view class='bg_dark main_item full-height' style='width:{{margin.left + "px"}}'></view><view class='inner relative full-width' id='showArea'><image class='absolute img' src='{{src}}' style="width:{{img.width}}px;height:{{img.height}}px;left:{{img.left}}px;top:{{img.top}}px;"></image><canvas canvas-id='imgCanvas' class='absolute img_canvas full-height full-width' /><view class='absolute inner_item left_top'></view><view class='absolute inner_item right_top'></view><view class='absolute inner_item right_bottom'></view><view class='absolute inner_item left_bottom'></view></view><view class='bg_dark main_item full-height' style='width:{{margin.right + "px"}}'></view></view><view class='bg_dark out_item flex-column flex-end'> <view class='flex-around text_white text_bg'><view catchtap='outputImg' data-type='1'><text>重新上传</text></view><view catchtap='getImg'><text>选择图片</text></view></view> </view><!-- --><view class='absolute full-width full-height bg_black'></view></view></scroll-view>

wxss:(其中引入了一个公共样式,关于flex布局的,看样式名也能猜到)

/* component/picPro/picPro.wxss */@import '../../resource/style/flex.wxss';.body{ position: fixed; top: 0; right: 0; bottom: 0; left: 0;}.text_white{ color: white;}.main{}.out_item{ width: 100%; height: 100%; flex: 1;}.bg_dark{ background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.85)}.main_item{ width: 15px;}.inner{ outline: 3rpx solid white; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12); box-shadow: 0 0 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) inset;}.inner_item{ width: 8px; height: 8px;}.inner_item.left_top{ border-left: 3px solid white; border-top: 3px solid white; left: -3px; top: -3px;}.inner_item.right_top{ border-right: 3px solid white; border-top: 3px solid white; right: -3px; top: -3px;}.inner_item.right_bottom{ border-right: 3px solid white; border-bottom: 3px solid white; right: -3px; bottom: -3px;}.inner_item.left_bottom{ border-left: 3px solid white; border-bottom: 3px solid white; left: -3px; bottom: -3px;}.img{ z-index: -1;}.bg_black{ background-color:black; z-index: -2; }.text_bg{ padding-bottom: 2em; font-size: 0.9em;}.img_canvas{ opacity: 0.5;}.newImg{ z-index: 2}

js:

// component/picPro/picPro.jsconst state = { // 可用区域body window: { width: 0, height: 0 }, // 原始图片信息 originImg: { width: 0, height: 0 }, // 第一次图片缩放信息 firstScaleImg: { width: 0, height: 0 }, // 截取区域信息 interArea: { width: 0, height: 0 }, // 单手触摸位置 touchLast: { x: 0, y: 0 }, // 滑动距离 touchMove: { x: 0, y: 0 }, // 滑动离开时图片状态 moveImgState: {  width: 0,  height: 0,  top: 0,  left: 0, }, // 双手触摸位置 touchList: [{ x: 0, y: 0 }, { x: 0, y: 0 }], // 图片缩放比例 scale: 1,}Component({ /**  * 组件的属性列表  */ properties: {  //宽(非实际值)  width: {   type: Number,   value: 600  },  //高  height: {   type: Number,   value: 300  },  //图片路径  src: {   type: String,   value: ""  },  //显示隐藏  hidden: {   type: Boolean,   value: false  },  //截取框的信息  margin: {   type: Object,   value: {    left: 15,    right: 15,    top: 200,    bottom: 200,   }  } }, ready() {  this.initialize();  // const canvas = wx.createCanvasContext('imgCanvas', this);  // canvas.draw(false, () => { console.log('ccc') }, this); }, /**  * 组件的初始数据  */ data: {  touchRange: 8,  img: {   width: 0,   height: 0,   top: 0,   left: 0,  },  canvas: {},  ratio: 0,  originImg: {   width: 0,   height: 0  } }, /**  * 组件的方法列表  */ methods: {  touchstart(e) {   // console.log("touchstart", e);  },  touchmove(e) {   if (e.touches.length === 1) { this.singleSlip(e.touches[0]) } else {    this.doubleSlip(e.touches)   }  },  touchend(e) {   // console.log("touchend", e);   const x = 0, y = 0;   state.touchLast = { x, y };   state.touchMove = { x, y };   state.touchList = [{ x, y }, { x, y }];   state.moveImgState = this.data.img;   // console.log(this.data.img);  },  // 单手滑动操作  singleSlip(e) {   const { clientX: x, clientY: y } = e;   const that = this;   if (state.touchLast.x && state.touchLast.y) {    state.touchMove = { x: x - state.touchLast.x, y: y - state.touchLast.y };    state.touchLast = { x, y };    const move = (_x = false, _y = false) => {     const bottom = that.data.img.height + that.data.img.top;     const right = that.data.img.width + that.data.img.left;     const h = state.interArea.height;     const w = state.interArea.width;     const param = {};     if (_x) {      if (right > w && that.data.img.left < 0) {       param.left = that.data.img.left + state.touchMove.x * 0.1      } else if (right <= w && state.touchMove.x > 0) {       param.left = that.data.img.left + state.touchMove.x * 0.1      } else if (that.data.img.left >= 0 && state.touchMove.x < 0) {       param.left = that.data.img.left + state.touchMove.x * 0.1      }     };     if (_y) {      if (bottom > h && that.data.img.top < 0) {       param.top = that.data.img.top + state.touchMove.y * 0.1      } else if (bottom <= h && state.touchMove.y > 0) {       param.top = that.data.img.top + state.touchMove.y * 0.1      } else if (that.data.img.top >= 0 && state.touchMove.y < 0) {       param.top = that.data.img.top + state.touchMove.y * 0.1      }     };     // console.log(param);     that.setImgPos(param)    };    if (state.scale == 1) {     if (that.data.img.width == state.interArea.width) {      move(false, true)     } else {      move(true, false)     }    } else {     move(true, true)    }   } else {    state.touchLast = { x, y }   }  },  // 双手缩放操作  doubleSlip(e) {   const that = this;   const { clientX: x0, clientY: y0 } = e[0];   const { clientX: x1, clientY: y1 } = e[1];   if (state.touchList[0].x && state.touchList[0].y) {    let changeScale = (Math.sqrt((x1 - x0) * (x1 - x0) + (y1 - y0) * (y1 - y0)) - Math.sqrt((state.touchList[1].x - state.touchList[0].x) * (state.touchList[1].x - state.touchList[0].x) + (state.touchList[1].y - state.touchList[0].y) * (state.touchList[1].y - state.touchList[0].y))) * 0.0005;    changeScale = changeScale >= 1.5 ? 1.5 : (changeScale <= -1 ? -1 : changeScale);    state.scale = that.data.img.width / state.firstScaleImg.width < 1 ? 1 : (state.scale > 2.5 ? 2.5 : 1 + changeScale);    let width = state.firstScaleImg.width * (state.scale - 1) + state.moveImgState.width;    width = width < state.firstScaleImg.width ? state.firstScaleImg.width : width;    let height = state.firstScaleImg.height * (state.scale - 1) + state.moveImgState.height;    height = height < state.firstScaleImg.height ? state.firstScaleImg.height : height;    let left = width * (1 - state.scale) / 4 + state.moveImgState.left;    left = left * (-1) > width - state.interArea.width ? state.interArea.width - width: left > 0 ? 0 : left;    let top = height * (1 - state.scale) / 4 + state.moveImgState.top;    top = top * (-1) > height - state.interArea.height ?state.interArea.height - height : top > 0 ? 0 : top;    const setImgObj = { width, height, left, top };    that.setImgPos(setImgObj)   } else {    state.touchList = [{ x: x0, y: y0 }, { x: x1, y: y1 }]   }  },  // 获取可用区域宽高  getScreenInfo() {   const that = this;   return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {    wx.getSystemInfo({     success: function (res) {      const { windowHeight, windowWidth } = res;      state.window = { windowHeight, windowWidth };      that.setData({ windowHeight, windowWidth })      // console.log(state.window);      resolve(res);     },    })   })  },  setShowArea() {   const that = this;   const w = state.window.windowWidth - that.data.margin.left - that.data.margin.right;   const h = (that.data.height / that.data.width) * w;  },  outputImg() {   this.setData({    hidden: true,   })  },  getImgInfo(path) {   return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {    wx.getImageInfo({     src: path,     success(res) {      console.log(res);      resolve(res);     },     fail(err) {      reject(err)     }    })   })  },  // 设置图片  setImgPos({ width, height, top, left }) {   width = width || this.data.img.width;   height = height || this.data.img.height;   top = top || this.data.img.top;   left = left || this.data.img.left   this.setData({    img: { width, height, top, left }   })  },  // 初始化图片位置大小  initialize() {   const that = this;   const ratio = that.data.width / that.data.height;   this.getScreenInfo().then(res => {    console.log(res);    state.interArea = { width: res.windowWidth - that.data.margin.left - that.data.margin.right + 2, height: (res.windowWidth - that.data.margin.left - that.data.margin.right) / ratio };    console.log("interArea", state.interArea)    that.getImgInfo(that.data.src).then(imgInfo => {     const { width, height } = imgInfo;     const imgRatio = width / height;     state.originImg = { width, height };     that.setData({      ratio: ratio     });     if (imgRatio > ratio) {      that.setImgPos({       height: state.interArea.height,       width: state.interArea.height * imgRatio      })     } else {      that.setImgPos({       height: state.interArea.width / imgRatio,       width: state.interArea.width,      })     };     state.firstScaleImg = { width: that.data.img.width, height: that.data.img.height }    });   });  },  // 截图  getImg(){   const that = this;   // console.log('dudu', that.data.img);   const canvas = wx.createCanvasContext('imgCanvas', this);   const {width,height,left,top} = that.data.img;   const saveImg = ()=>{    console.log('开始截取图片');    wx.canvasToTempFilePath({     canvasId:"imgCanvas",     success(res){      // console.log(res);      that.setData({       hidden:true,       // src:""      });      that.triggerEvent("putimg", { imgUrl: res.tempFilePath},{});     },     fail(err){      console.log(err)     }    },that)   };   canvas.drawImage(that.data.src, left, top, width, height);   canvas.draw(false, () => { saveImg() }, that)  } }})

引用的时候除了宽高路径以外,需要wx:if;如果不卸载组件,会出现只能截一次的bug

因为小程序里面没有类似vue中catch的观测数据变化的东西,也不想为了个组件专门去搞一个,就用这种方式代替了,嘻嘻,好敷衍。。

总结

以上所述是小编给大家介绍的微信小程序canvas拖拽、截图组件功能,希望对大家有所帮助,如果大家有任何疑问请给我留言,小编会及时回复大家的。在此也非常感谢大家对武林网网站的支持!

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