原文http://www.VEVb.com/zeusro/p/RouteConfig.html装载注明出处,爬虫请自重。
继续延续坑爹标题系列。其实只是把aPRess.pro.asp.net.mvc.4.framework里的CHAPTER 13翻译过来罢了,当做自己总结吧。内容看看就好,排版就不要吐槽了,反正我知道你也不会反对的。
先说一下基本的路由规则原则。基本的路由规则是从特殊到一般排列,也就是最特殊(非主流)的规则在最前面,最一般(万金油)的规则排在最后。这是因为匹配路由规则也是照着这个顺序的。如果写反了,那么即便你路由规则写对了那照样坐等404.
XD 首先说URL的构造。 其实这个也谈不上构造,只是语法特性吧。
routes.MapRoute(name: "Default",url: "{controller}/{action}/{id}", defaults: new { controller = "Home", action = "Index", id = UrlParameter.Optional } );
Route myRoute = new Route("{controller}/{action}", new MvcRouteHandler());routes.Add("MyRoute", myRoute);
routes.MapRoute("ShopSchema", "Shop/{action}", new { controller = "Home" });
个人觉得第一种比较易懂,第二种方便调试,第三种写起来比较效率吧。各取所需吧。本文行文偏向于第三种。
routes.MapRoute( "Default", // 路由名称"{controller}/{action}/{id}", // 带有参数的 URL new { controller = "Home", action = "Index", id = UrlParameter.Optional } // 参数默认值 (UrlParameter.Optional-可选的意思) );
routes.MapRoute("ShopSchema2", "Shop/OldAction", new { controller = "Home", action = "Index" }); routes.MapRoute("ShopSchema", "Shop/{action}", new { controller = "Home" }); routes.MapRoute("ShopSchema2", "Shop/OldAction.js", new { controller = "Home", action = "Index" });
没有占位符路由就是现成的写死的。
比如这样写然后去访问http://localhost:XXX/Shop/OldAction.js,response也是完全没问题的。 controller , action , area这三个保留字就别设静态变量里面了。
routes.MapRoute("MyRoute2", "{controller}/{action}/{id}", new { controller = "Home", action = "Index", id = "DefaultId" });
这种情况如果访问 /Home/Index 的话,因为第三段(id)没有值,根据路由规则这个参数会被设为DefaultId
这个用viewbag给title赋值就能很明显看出
ViewBag.Title = RouteData.Values["id"];
图不贴了,结果是标题显示为DefaultId。 注意要在控制器里面赋值,在视图赋值没法编译的。
然后再回到默认路由。 UrlParameter.Optional这个叫可选URL段.路由里没有这个参数的话id为null。 照原文大致说法,这个可选URL段能用来实现一个关注点的分离。刚才在路由里直接设定参数默认值其实不是很好。照我的理解,实际参数是用户发来的,我们做的只是定义形式参数名。但是,如果硬要给参数赋默认值的话,建议用语法糖写到action参数里面。比如:
public ActionResult Index(string id = "abcd"){ViewBag.Title = RouteData.Values["id"];return View();}
routes.MapRoute("MyRoute", "{controller}/{action}/{id}/{*catchall}", new { controller = "Home", action = "Index", id = UrlParameter.Optional });
在这里id和最后一段都是可变的,所以 /Home/Index/dabdafdaf 等效于 /Home/Index//abcdefdjldfiaeahfoeiho 等效于 /Home/Index/All/Delete/Perm/.....
这个提醒一下记得引用命名空间,开启IIS网站不然就是404。这个非常非主流,不建议瞎搞。
routes.MapRoute("MyRoute","{controller}/{action}/{id}/{*catchall}", new { controller = "Home", action = "Index", id = UrlParameter.Optional },new[] { "URLsAndRoutes.AdditionalControllers", "UrlsAndRoutes.Controllers" });
但是这样写的话数组排名不分先后的,如果有多个匹配的路由会报错。 然后作者提出了一种改进写法。
routes.MapRoute("AddContollerRoute","Home/{action}/{id}/{*catchall}",new { controller = "Home", action = "Index", id = UrlParameter.Optional },new[] { "URLsAndRoutes.AdditionalControllers" }); routes.MapRoute("MyRoute", "{controller}/{action}/{id}/{*catchall}", new { controller = "Home", action = "Index", id = UrlParameter.Optional },new[] { "URLsAndRoutes.Controllers" });
这样第一个URL段不是Home的都交给第二个处理 最后还可以设定这个路由找不到的话就不给后面的路由留后路啦,也就不再往下找啦。
Route myRoute = routes.MapRoute("AddContollerRoute", "Home/{action}/{id}/{*catchall}", new { controller = "Home", action = "Index", id = UrlParameter.Optional }, new[] { "URLsAndRoutes.AdditionalControllers" }); myRoute.DataTokens["UseNamespaceFallback"] = false;
routes.MapRoute("MyRoute", "{controller}/{action}/{id}/{*catchall}", new { controller = "Home", action = "Index", id = UrlParameter.Optional }, new { controller = "^H.*"}, new[] { "URLsAndRoutes.Controllers"});
routes.MapRoute("MyRoute", "{controller}/{action}/{id}/{*catchall}",new { controller = "Home", action = "Index", id = UrlParameter.Optional }, new { controller = "^H.*", action = "^Index$|^About$"}, new[] { "URLsAndRoutes.Controllers"});
routes.MapRoute("MyRoute", "{controller}/{action}/{id}/{*catchall}",new { controller = "Home", action = "Index", id = UrlParameter.Optional }, new { controller = "^H.*", action = "Index|About", httpMethod = new HttpMethodConstraint("GET") }, new[] { "URLsAndRoutes.Controllers" });
routes.MapPageRoute("", "", "~/Default.aspx"); routes.MapPageRoute("list", "Items/{action}", "~/Items/list.aspx", false, new RouteValueDictionary { { "action", "all" } }); routes.MapPageRoute("show", "Show/{action}", "~/show.aspx", false, new RouteValueDictionary { { "action", "all" } }); routes.MapPageRoute("edit", "Edit/{id}", "~/edit.aspx", false, new RouteValueDictionary { { "id", "1" } }, new RouteValueDictionary { { "id", @"/d+" } });
具体的可以看
或者官方msdn
首先要在路由注册方法那里
//启用路由特性映射 routes.MapMvcAttributeRoutes();
这样
[Route("Login")]
route特性才有效.该特性有好几个重载.还有路由约束啊,顺序啊,路由名之类的.
[RoutePrefix("reviews")][Route("{action=index}")]public class ReviewsController : Controller{}
// eg: /users/5[Route("users/{id:int}"]public ActionResult GetUserById(int id) { ... } // eg: users/ken[Route("users/{name}"]public ActionResult GetUserByName(string name) { ... }
// eg: /users/5// but not /users/10000000000 because it is larger than int.MaxValue,// and not /users/0 because of the min(1) constraint.[Route("users/{id:int:min(1)}")]public ActionResult GetUserById(int id) { ... }
Constraint | Description | Example |
---|---|---|
alpha | Matches uppercase or lowercase Latin alphabet characters (a-z, A-Z) | {x:alpha} |
bool | Matches a Boolean value. | {x:bool} |
datetime | Matches aDateTimevalue. | {x:datetime} |
decimal | Matches a decimal value. | {x:decimal} |
double | Matches a 64-bit floating-point value. | {x:double} |
float | Matches a 32-bit floating-point value. | {x:float} |
guid | Matches a GUID value. | {x:guid} |