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SpringMVC4 + Spring + MyBatis3 基于注解的最简配置

2019-11-15 00:00:27
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SPRingMVC4 + Spring + MyBatis3 基于注解的最简配置

本文使用最新版本(4.1.5)的springmvc+spring+mybatis,采用最间的配置方式来进行搭建。

1. web.xml

我们知道springmvc是基于Servlet: DispatcherServlet来处理分发请求的,所以我们需要先在web.xml文件中配置DispatcherServlet,而Spring的启动则是使用了监听器,所以需要配置spring的监听器:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><web-app version="2.5"     xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"     xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee         http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">  <display-name>sp</display-name>    <servlet>      <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>      <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>      <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>      <init-param>          <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>          <param-value>classpath:config/spring-mvc.xml</param-value>      </init-param>  </servlet>  <servlet-mapping>      <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>      <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>  </servlet-mapping>    <listener>      <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>  </listener>  <context-param>      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>      <param-value>classpath:config/applicationContext.xml</param-value>  </context-param>  </web-app>

servlet下面的init-param中的指定了springmvc的dispatcherServlet的配置文件:config/spring-mvc.xml,所有springmvc相关的都在该文件中进行配置。在DispatcherServlet(其父类)中使用:getServletConfig().getInitParameter("paramName"); 可以访问到init-param中指定的参数,从而可以读取到config/spring-mvc.xml文件。load-on-startup值为1指定了dispatcherServlet随servlet容器启动。

ContextLoaderListener是spring监听servlet容器的启动的,在servlet容器启动时,就初始化bean工厂,对bean进行初始化等等操作。context-param指定了spring的配置文件config/applicationContext.xml,可以使用:getServletContext().getInitParameter("paraName"); 读取到值。

注意:init-param 和 context-param 的区别,从名字上就可以看得出,后者是相对于整个web应用的,而前者是针对单个servlet的。

2. springmvc.xml

下面我们看一下springmvc.xml该如何配置:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"    xsi:schemaLocation="        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">            <mvc:annotation-driven />    <context:component-scan base-package="net.aazj.controller" />          <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">         <property name="prefix" value="/" />         <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />     </bean>     // ... ...</beans>

启用注解驱动来扫描controller,并指定control的包路径,还有指定了视图解析器,so easy。

:这里要特别注意,springmvc和spring的配置文件中都有context:component-scan,一个是扫描controller,一个时扫描service,在指定扫描路径时最好不要一样,不要让他们交叉扫描,不然会导致事务不能回滚的错误。如果一定要一样的话那么可以使用如下配置来进行排除:

<!-- springmvc的配置文件中不扫描带有@Service注解的类 -->    <context:component-scan base-package="net.aazj">        <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Service"/>    </context:component-scan>

<!-- spring的配置文件中不扫描带有@Controller注解的类  -->    <context:component-scan base-package="net.aazj">        <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>     </context:component-scan>

3.applicationContext.xml

spring中相关bean扫描,事物的配置,以及和mybatis的结合配置如下所示:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"    xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"    xsi:schemaLocation="        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">    <context:component-scan base-package="net.aazj.service" />    <!-- 引入属性文件 -->    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:config/db.properties" />        <!-- 配置数据源 -->    <bean name="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource" init-method="init" destroy-method="close">        <property name="url" value="${jdbc_url}" />        <property name="username" value="${jdbc_username}" />        <property name="passWord" value="${jdbc_password}" />        <!-- 初始化连接大小 -->        <property name="initialSize" value="0" />        <!-- 连接池最大使用连接数量 -->        <property name="maxActive" value="20" />        <!-- 连接池最大空闲 -->        <property name="maxIdle" value="20" />        <!-- 连接池最小空闲 -->        <property name="minIdle" value="0" />        <!-- 获取连接最大等待时间 -->        <property name="maxWait" value="60000" />    </bean>        <bean id="sqlsessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">      <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />      <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:config/mybatis-config.xml" />      <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath*:config/mappers/**/*.xml" />    </bean>        <!-- Transaction manager for a single JDBC DataSource -->    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />    </bean>        <!-- 使用annotation定义事务 -->    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" />         <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">      <property name="basePackage" value="net.aazj.mapper" />    </bean></beans>

同样相关service bean也使用基于注解的扫描方式:context:component-scan,事务也使用注解来驱动:tx:annotation-driven,所以需要在serviceImpl相关类上和方法上使用@Transanctional注解类配置事物。

sqlSessionFactory的配置相当重要,configLocation指定了mybatis的配置文件,如果需要在mybatis配置文件中配置比如<settings>, <typeAliases>, <mappers>则,需要在这里指定,如果不需要就没有必要指定值了。mapperLocations指定了mapper接口映射sql语句的xml文件的位置。MapperScannerConfigurer指定了mapper接口所在的包路径。

4. mybatis-config.xml

spring和mybatis的接口,其实可以不需要mybatis-config.xml文件的存在,只有在需要配置<settings>, <typeAliases>, <mappers>(其实mapper也一并也是在applicationContext.xml中进行配置)才需要mybatis-config.xml文件的存在:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?><!DOCTYPE configuration  PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"  "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd"><configuration>  <settings>      <setting name="cacheEnabled" value="true"/>      <setting name="lazyLoadingEnabled" value="true"/>      <setting name="multipleResultSetsEnabled" value="true"/>      <setting name="useColumnLabel" value="true"/>      <setting name="useGeneratedKeys" value="false"/>      <setting name="autoMappingBehavior" value="PARTIAL"/>      <setting name="defaultExecutorType" value="SIMPLE"/>      <setting name="defaultStatementTimeout" value="25"/>      <setting name="safeRowBoundsEnabled" value="false"/>      <setting name="mapUnderscoreToCamelCase" value="false"/>      <setting name="localCacheScope" value="SESSION"/>      <setting name="jdbcTypeForNull" value="OTHER"/>      <setting name="lazyLoadTriggerMethods" value="equals,clone,hashCode,toString"/>  </settings>  <typeAliases>      <package name="net.aazj.pojo"/>  </typeAliases></configuration>

<settings>指定了数据库操作相关的设置,typeAliases指定了可以给数据库表对应的类所在的包路径,可以在sql的xml使用它们的别名:

package net.aazj.pojo;import org.apache.ibatis.type.Alias;@Alias("User")public class User {    private Integer id;    private String name;        // ... ...}

@Alias("User")注解了该pojo的别名,所以可以在xml文件中使用别名 User 来代替:net.aazj.pojo.User

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"><mapper namespace="net.aazj.mapper.UserMapper">     <cache />         <select id="getUser" resultType="User">        select * from user where id = #{id}    </select>    <select id="addUser" parameterType="string">        insert into user(name) values(#{name})    </select></mapper>

这里 resultType="User" 不需要使用全限定类名。<cache />启用了基于namespace="net.aazj.mapper.UserMapper"的全局缓存。

5. generatorConfig.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!DOCTYPE generatorConfiguration  PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD MyBatis Generator Configuration 1.0//EN"  "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-generator-config_1_0.dtd"><generatorConfiguration>  <classPathEntry location="D:/java_libs/repository/MySQL/mysql-connector-java/5.1.35/mysql-connector-java-5.1.35.jar" />   <context id="MySQLTables" targetRuntime="MyBatis3">      <jdbcConnection driverClass="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"        connectionURL="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/sy"        userId="root"        password="xxxxx">    </jdbcConnection>    <javaTypeResolver >      <property name="forceBigDecimals" value="false" />    </javaTypeResolver>    <javaModelGenerator targetPackage="net.aazj.pojo" targetProject="sp/src/main/java">      <property name="enableSubPackages" value="true" />      <property name="trimStrings" value="true" />    </javaModelGenerator>    <sqlMapGenerator targetPackage="config.mappers"  targetProject="sp/src/main/resources">      <property name="enableSubPackages" value="true" />    </sqlMapGenerator>    <javaClientGenerator type="XMLMAPPER" targetPackage="net.aazj.mapper"  targetProject="sp/src/main/java">      <property name="enableSubPackages" value="true" />    </javaClientGenerator>    <table schema="sy" tableName="tbug" domainObjectName="Bug" >      <property name="useActualColumnNames" value="false"/>      <generatedKey column="id" sqlStatement="mysql" identity="true" />      <!--       <columnOverride column="DATE_FIELD" property="startDate" />      <ignoreColumn column="FRED" />      <columnOverride column="LONG_VARCHAR_FIELD" jdbcType="VARCHAR" />       -->    </table>    <table schema="sy" tableName="user" domainObjectName="User" >      <property name="useActualColumnNames" value="false"/>      <generatedKey column="id" sqlStatement="mysql" identity="true" />    </table>  </context></generatorConfiguration>

上面是Mybatis generator的配置文件:

1)classPathEntry 指定驱动位置;

2)jdbcConnection 指定数据库连接信息;

3)javaModelGenerator 指定生成的pojo类的位置;

4)sqlMapGenerator 指定指定生成的sql xml文件的位置;

5)javaClientGenerator 指定 mapper 接口的位置;

6)table 指定将数据库中哪些表进行处理;<generatedKey column="id" sqlStatement="mysql" identity="true" /> 用于指定主键;

6. 补上spring+mybatis多数据源的配置

其实很简单,就是需要将涉及到数据库,事物等相关的配置配置两份就行了,下面是修改之后的applicaitonContext.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"    xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"    xsi:schemaLocation="        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">    <context:component-scan base-package="net.aazj.service" />    <!-- 引入属性文件 -->    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:config/db.properties" />        <!-- 配置数据源 -->    <bean name="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource" init-method="init" destroy-method="close">        <property name="url" value="${jdbc_url}" />        <property name="username" value="${jdbc_username}" />        <property name="password" value="${jdbc_password}" />        <!-- 初始化连接大小 -->        <property name="initialSize" value="0" />        <!-- 连接池最大使用连接数量 -->        <property name="maxActive" value="20" />        <!-- 连接池最大空闲 -->        <property name="maxIdle" value="20" />        <!-- 连接池最小空闲 -->        <property name="minIdle" value="0" />        <!-- 获取连接最大等待时间 -->        <property name="maxWait" value="60000" />    </bean>        <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">      <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />      <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:config/mybatis-config.xml" />      <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath*:config/mappers/**/*.xml" />    </bean>        <!-- Transaction manager for a single JDBC DataSource -->    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />    </bean>        <!-- 使用annotation定义事务 -->    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" />         <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">      <property name="basePackage" value="net.aazj.mapper" />      <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>    </bean>        <!-- ===============第二个数据源的配置=============== -->    <bean name="dataSource_slave" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource" init-method="init" destroy-method="close">        <property name="url" value="${jdbc_url_slave}" />        <property name="username" value="${jdbc_username_slave}" />        <property name="password" value="${jdbc_password_slave}" />        <!-- 初始化连接大小 -->        <property name="initialSize" value="0" />        <!-- 连接池最大使用连接数量 -->        <property name="maxActive" value="20" />        <!-- 连接池最大空闲 -->        <property name="maxIdle" value="20" />        <!-- 连接池最小空闲 -->        <property name="minIdle" value="0" />        <!-- 获取连接最大等待时间 -->        <property name="maxWait" value="60000" />    </bean>        <bean id="sqlSessionFactory_slave" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">      <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource_slave" />      <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:config/mybatis-config-slave.xml" />      <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath*:config/mappers/slave/**/*.xml" />    </bean>        <!-- Transaction manager for a single JDBC DataSource -->    <bean id="transactionManager_slave" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource_slave" />    </bean>        <!-- 使用annotation定义事务 -->    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager_slave" />         <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">      <property name="basePackage" value="net.aazj.mapper.slave" />      <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory_slave"/>    </bean></beans>

主要是注意在两个MapperScannerConfigurer中都通过sqlSessionFactoryBeanName指定了sqlSessionFactory。这样的话,在mapper接口中注入的就是不同的sqlSessionFactory,而不同的sqlSessionFactory又引用不同的dataSource和不同的configLocation,以及不同的mapperLocations。而MapperScannerConfigurer在扫描mapper接口所在的包路径时,会将其装配成bean。所以我们可以在serviceImpl中使用@Autowired等注解来引用:

@Service("userService")@Transactionalpublic class UserServiceImpl implements UserService{    @Autowired    private UserMapper userMapper;        // ... ...}


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