Struts2(十二)使用验证框架验证数据较验

2019-11-14 23:33:52

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Struts2(十二)使用验证框架验证数据较验一、数据验证1.1、为什么要进行数据验证

对数据的合法性进行检查，只允许合法的数据进入应用程序

1.2、在哪里实现数据验证

客户端验证：

数据提交前在客户端验证

可使用javaScript或者JQuery实现

特点：减少客户等待时间，减小服务器压力

服务器端验证：

在数据提交后服务器端验证

特点：防止“绕过”客户端验证提交非法数据

　　　可以在服务器端处理数据前确保数据的合法性

1.3、Struts2有两种方式实现服务器端数据验证

使用ActionSupport编码实现验证
使用验证框架实现验证

二、使用ActionSupport实现验证

在Action类的业务方法中直接验证
重写Validate()方法
使用validateXxx()方法

2.1、添加错误信息

addFieldError(String fieldName,String errorMessage),添加字段的错误信息

addActionError(String anErrorMessage)，添加与Action所处理业务相关的错误信息

2.2、在页面输出验证结果

<s:fielderror/>输出一个或者所胡字段的错误信息
<s:actionerror/>输出所有Action的错误信息

2.3、action的配置

<result name="input">xxx.jsp</result>

三、ActionSupport验证简单实现3.1、业务方法中较验

实体类

package com.pb.entity;/* * 用户类 */public class User {    PRivate String username;    //用户名    private String passWord;    //密码    private Integer age;        //年龄    private String email;        //邮箱            public String getUsername() {        return username;    }    public void setUsername(String username) {        this.username = username;    }    public String getPassword() {        return password;    }    public void setPassword(String password) {        this.password = password;    }    public Integer getAge() {        return age;    }    public void setAge(Integer age) {        this.age = age;    }    public String getEmail() {        return email;    }    public void setEmail(String email) {        this.email = email;    }}

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%><%@taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags"%><%    String path = request.getContextPath();    String basePath = request.getScheme() + "://"            + request.getServerName() + ":" + request.getServerPort()            + path + "/";%><!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"><html><head><base href="<%=basePath%>"><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><title>注册页面</title></head><body><!--  判断字段是否有错误信息--><s:if test="hasFieldErrors()"><h1 align="center">输出错误字段信息</h1><div align="center" style="color:blue;">使用s:fielderror输出一个指定的错误信息<s:fielderror name="user.username" />使用s:fielderror输出全部的错误信息<s:fielderror /></div></s:if><!-- 判断action是否有错误 --><s:if test="hasActionErrors()"><h1 align="center">输出错误Action信息</h1><div  align="center" style="color:gray;">使用s:actionerror输出action相关的错误信息<s:actionerror/></div></s:if><h1>使用execute业务方法直接较验</h1><s:form action="register.action" method="post" ><s:textfield label="用户名"  name="user.username"/><s:password  label="密码" name="user.password"/><s:textfield label="年龄" name="user.age" /><s:textfield  label="邮箱" name="user.email"/><s:submit  value="提交" /><s:reset value="重置" /><br/></s:form><s:debug/></body></html>

UserAction

package com.pb.web.action;import java.util.regex.Matcher;import java.util.regex.Pattern;import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;import com.pb.entity.User;public class UserAction extends ActionSupport {    private User user;    @Override    public String execute() throws Exception {        if(null==user.getUsername() || "".equals(user.getUsername())){            this.addFieldError("user.username", "用户名不能为空!");        }        if(null==user.getPassword() || "".equals(user.getPassword())){            this.addFieldError("user.password", "密码不能为空!");        }        String ageStr="^//d{1,3}$";        Pattern ageReg=Pattern.compile(ageStr);        Matcher ageMatcher=ageReg.matcher(user.getAge()+"");        if(!ageMatcher.matches()){            this.addFieldError("user.age", "年龄只能是数字,并只能为1-200之间!");        }        if(null==user.getAge()){            this.addFieldError("user.age", "年龄不能为空!");        }            String emaString="^//w+@//w+(.//w{2,3}){1,2}$";        Pattern emailReg=Pattern.compile(emaString);        Matcher emailMatcher=emailReg.matcher(user.getEmail());        if(!emailMatcher.matches()){            this.addFieldError("user.email", "邮箱格式不正确");        }        if(this.hasErrors()){            this.addActionError("输入的注册信息有误");            return INPUT;        }        return SUCCESS;    }    public User getUser() {        return user;    }    public void setUser(User user) {        this.user = user;    }        }

struts.xml

<struts>    <constant name="struts.enable.DynamicMethodInvocation" value="false" />    <constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" />    <package name="default" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">    <action name="register" class="com.pb.web.action.UserAction">    <result name="input">/register.jsp</result>    <result name="success">/registerSuccess.jsp</result>    </action>        </package></struts>

四、在Validate()方法中实现验证

重写ActionSupport类的validate()方法
在validate()方法中实现验证
将数据验证和业务处理分离
添加与显示错误信息的方式不变

接收参数时，数据转换失败也会调用validate()方法

validate()方法验证不通过不会执行业务方法

4.1、更改之前实现validate()验证

package com.pb.web.action;import java.util.regex.Matcher;import java.util.regex.Pattern;import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;import com.pb.entity.User;public class UserAction1 extends ActionSupport {    private User user;    @Override    public String execute() throws Exception {        System.out.println("=========完成注册信息======");        if(this.hasErrors()){            this.addActionError("输入的注册信息有误");            return INPUT;        }        return SUCCESS;    }                @Override    public void validate() {        if(null==user.getUsername() || "".equals(user.getUsername())){            this.addFieldError("user.username", "用户名不能为空!");        }        if(null==user.getPassword() || "".equals(user.getPassword())){            this.addFieldError("user.password", "密码不能为空!");        }        String ageStr="^//d{1,3}$";        Pattern ageReg=Pattern.compile(ageStr);        Matcher ageMatcher=ageReg.matcher(user.getAge()+"");        if(!ageMatcher.matches()){            this.addFieldError("user.age", "年龄只能是数字,并只能为1-200之间!");        }        if(null==user.getAge() || "".equals(user.getAge())){            this.addFieldError("user.age", "年龄不能为空!");        }else{            if(0>user.getAge() || 200<user.getAge()){                this.addFieldError("user.age", "年龄1-200之间!!");            }        }                    String emaString="^//w+@//w+(.//w{2,3}){1,2}$";        Pattern emailReg=Pattern.compile(emaString);        Matcher emailMatcher=emailReg.matcher(user.getEmail());        if(!emailMatcher.matches()){            this.addFieldError("user.email", "邮箱格式不正确");        }        super.validate();            }    public User getUser() {        return user;    }    public void setUser(User user) {        this.user = user;    }        }

如果Action中有validate()方法，会先执行验证，验证后才执行业务方法，不通过不执行业务方法

五、针对一个业务方法进行数据验证

使用validateXxx()方法

Struts2支持validateXxx()方法针对xxx（）方法进行数据验证
使用validateRegister()方法实现针对register()方法的数据验证
注册时通过validateRegister()方法验证年龄和邮箱等其它字段
注册和登录时在validate()方法中验证用户名和密码非空等其它验证

validate()方法和validateXxx()方法同时存在时都会起作用

ValidateXxx()方法的调用要先于validate()方法

5.1、使用针对注册的验证方法

package com.pb.web.action;import java.util.regex.Matcher;import java.util.regex.Pattern;import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;import com.pb.entity.User;public class UserAction2 extends ActionSupport {    private User user;    public String register() throws Exception {        System.out.println("=========完成注册信息======");        if(this.hasErrors()){            return INPUT;        }        return SUCCESS;    }                @Override    public void validate() {        System.out.println("====执行validate方法验证====");        if(null==user.getUsername() || "".equals(user.getUsername())){            this.addFieldError("user.username", "用户名不能为空!");        }        if(null==user.getPassword() || "".equals(user.getPassword())){            this.addFieldError("user.password", "密码不能为空!");        }    }public void validateRegister(){    System.out.println("====执行validateRegister方法验证====");    String ageStr="^//d{1,3}$";    Pattern ageReg=Pattern.compile(ageStr);    Matcher ageMatcher=ageReg.matcher(user.getAge()+"");    if(!ageMatcher.matches()){        this.addFieldError("user.age", "年龄只能是数字,并只能为1-200之间!");    }    if(null==user.getAge() || "".equals(user.getAge())){        this.addFieldError("user.age", "年龄不能为空!");    }else{        if(0>user.getAge() || 200<user.getAge()){            this.addFieldError("user.age", "年龄1-200之间!!");        }    }        String emaString="^//w+@//w+(.//w{2,3}){1,2}$";    Pattern emailReg=Pattern.compile(emaString);    Matcher emailMatcher=emailReg.matcher(user.getEmail());    if(!emailMatcher.matches()){        this.addFieldError("user.email", "邮箱格式不正确");    }}    public User getUser() {        return user;    }    public void setUser(User user) {        this.user = user;    }        }

struts.xml

<action name="register2" class="com.pb.web.action.UserAction2" method="register">    <result name="input">/register2.jsp</result>    <result name="success">/registerSuccess.jsp</result>    </action>

5.2、三种方法

六、验证框架

6.1、实现

package com.pb.web.action;import java.util.regex.Matcher;import java.util.regex.Pattern;import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;import com.pb.entity.User;public class UserAction3 extends ActionSupport {    private User user;    public String register() throws Exception {        System.out.println("=========完成注册信息======");        return SUCCESS;    }    public User getUser() {        return user;    }    public void setUser(User user) {        this.user = user;    }        }

UserAction3-validation.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!DOCTYPE validators PUBLIC "-//Apache Struts//XWork Validator 1.0.3//EN"        "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/xwork-validator-1.0.3.dtd"><validators><!--  用户名验证--><field name="user.username"><field-validator type="requiredstring"><param name="trim">true</param><message>用户名不能为空!</message></field-validator><field-validator type="stringlength"><param name="minLength">4</param><param name="maxLength">16</param><param name="trim">true</param><message>用户名必须为${minLength}至${maxLength}个字符！,当前为${user.username}</message></field-validator></field><!--密码  --><field name="user.password"><field-validator type="requiredstring"><param name="trim">true</param><message>密码不能为空!</message></field-validator><field-validator type="stringlength"><!--去掉前后的空格  --><param name="trim">true</param><param name="minLength">6</param><param name="maxLength">20</param><message>密码必须为${minLength}至${maxLength}个字符,当前为${user.password}</message></field-validator></field><!--年龄  --><field name="user.age"><field-validator type="required"><param name="trim">true</param><message>年龄不能为空</message></field-validator><field-validator type="int"><param name="trim">true</param><param name="min">1</param><param name="max">200</param><message>年龄为${min}---${max}岁之间</message></field-validator></field><field name="user.email"><field-validator type="requiredstring"><param name="trim">true</param><message>邮箱不能为空</message></field-validator><field-validator type="email"><param name="trim">true</param><message>邮箱格式不正确!</message></field-validator></field></validators>

jsp页面

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%><%@taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags"%><%    String path = request.getContextPath();    String basePath = request.getScheme() + "://"            + request.getServerName() + ":" + request.getServerPort()            + path + "/";%><!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"><html><head><base href="<%=basePath%>"><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><title>注册页面</title></head><body><!--  判断字段是否有错误信息--><s:if test="hasFieldErrors()"><h1 align="center">输出错误字段信息</h1><div align="center" style="color:blue;">使用s:fielderror输出全部的错误信息<s:fielderror /></div></s:if><h1>ActionName-validation.xml较验</h1><!-- 必须加上namespace不然不起作用--><s:form action="register3.action" method="post" namespace="/" ><s:textfield label="用户名"  name="user.username"/><s:password  label="密码" name="user.password"/><s:textfield label="年龄" name="user.age" /><s:textfield  label="邮箱" name="user.email"/><s:submit  value="提交" /><s:reset value="重置" /><br/></s:form><s:debug/></body></html>

struts.xml

<action name="register3" class="com.pb.web.action.UserAction3" method="register">    <result name="input">/register3.jsp</result>    <result name="success">/registerSuccess.jsp</result>    </action>

七、针对一个业务编写配置文件

7.1、更改实现

将上面的年龄验证和邮箱验证独立出来

struts.xml

<action name="register3" class="com.pb.web.action.UserAction3" method="register">    <result name="input">/register3.jsp</result>    <result name="success">/registerSuccess.jsp</result>    </action>

UserAction3-validation.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!DOCTYPE validators PUBLIC "-//Apache Struts//XWork Validator 1.0.3//EN"        "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/xwork-validator-1.0.3.dtd"><validators><!--  用户名验证--><field name="user.username"><field-validator type="requiredstring"><param name="trim">true</param><message>用户名不能为空!</message></field-validator><field-validator type="stringlength"><param name="minLength">4</param><param name="maxLength">16</param><param name="trim">true</param><message>用户名必须为${minLength}至${maxLength}个字符！,当前为${user.username}</message></field-validator></field><!--密码  --><field name="user.password"><field-validator type="requiredstring"><param name="trim">true</param><message>密码不能为空!</message></field-validator><field-validator type="stringlength"><!--去掉前后的空格  --><param name="trim">true</param><param name="minLength">6</param><param name="maxLength">20</param><message>密码必须为${minLength}至${maxLength}个字符,当前为${user.password}</message></field-validator></field></validators>

UserAction3-register3-validation.xml 中间的名称要与action名字相同

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!DOCTYPE validators PUBLIC "-//Apache Struts//XWork Validator 1.0.3//EN"        "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/xwork-validator-1.0.3.dtd"><validators><!--  用户名验证--><field name="user.username"><field-validator type="requiredstring"><param name="trim">true</param><message>用户名不能为空!</message></field-validator><field-validator type="stringlength"><param name="minLength">4</param><param name="maxLength">16</param><param name="trim">true</param><message>用户名必须为${minLength}至${maxLength}个字符！,当前为${user.username}</message></field-validator></field><!--密码  --><field name="user.password"><field-validator type="requiredstring"><param name="trim">true</param><message>密码不能为空!</message></field-validator><field-validator type="stringlength"><!--去掉前后的空格  --><param name="trim">true</param><param name="minLength">6</param><param name="maxLength">20</param><message>密码必须为${minLength}至${maxLength}个字符,当前为${user.password}</message></field-validator></field></validators>

7.2、验证顺序