4_1网络学习第一天后感--网络数据下载
1、网络数据下载包括同步下载和异步下载,一般是使用异步下载,异步下载可以利用NSURLConnection这个类。
2、有关数据格式,有JSON格式(多数)、xml格式。JSON格式如下:
{} 代表字典,[] 代表数组 ,“” 代表字符串 , 100 代表NSNumber
3、分析网络接口
如:@"http://iappfree.candou.com:8080/free/applications/limited?currency=rmb&page=1&category_id="
http:// (地址使用协议) iappfree.candou.com (主机地址) 8080 (主机端口)
free/applications/limited(网络程序文件路径) ?currency=rmb&page=1&category_id= (程序参数)
4、NSURLConnection的同步下载代码:
-(void)testNSURLConnectionSyncDownloadData{ //限免页面接口 NSString *urlString=@"http://iappfree.candou.com:8080/free/applications/limited?currency=rmb&page=1&category_id="; //发送同步URL请求 //NSURLRequest URL请求对象 NSURL *url=[NSURL URLWithString:urlString]; NSURLRequest *request=[NSURLRequest requestWithURL:url]; NSError *error=nil; NSData *data=[NSURLConnection sendSynchronousRequest:request returningResponse:nil error:&error]; if (error==nil) { NSString *str=[[NSString alloc]initWithData:data encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]; NSLog(@"str = %@",str); } else { NSLog(@"下载失败"); }}
5、NSURLConnection的异步下载代码:
-(void)testNSURLConnectionAsyncDownloadData{ _data=[[NSMutableData alloc]init]; //限免页面接口 NSString *urlString=@"http://iappfree.candou.com:8080/free/applications/limited?currency=rmb&page=1&category_id="; //发起一个异步URL请求 //异步:执行了方法之后,开始下载 _connection=[[NSURLConnection alloc]initWithRequest:[NSURLRequest requestWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:urlString]] delegate:self startImmediately:YES]; }//下面是<NSURLConnectionDataDelegate>代理方法//接收到服务器响应执行-(void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didReceiveResponse:(NSURLResponse *)response{ NSLog(@"接收到服务器响应执行");}//接收到数据的时候执行//注意:当数据比较大,可能会多次执行-(void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didReceiveData:(NSData *)data{ [_data appendData:data];}//当数据下载完成了-(void)connectionDidFinishLoading:(NSURLConnection *)connection{// NSLog(@"str =%@",[[NSString alloc]initWithData:_data encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]); //解析JSON (把JSON转化为NSArray或NSDictionary NSDictionary *dict=[NSJSONSerialization JSONObjectWithData:_data options:NSJSONReadingMutableContainers error:nil]; NSArray *appList=dict[@"applications"]; for (NSDictionary *appDict in appList) { NSLog(@"name = %@",appDict[@"name"]); }}//下载失败-(void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didFailWithError:(NSError *)error{ NSLog(@"error =%@",error);}
6、封装NSURLConnection(重点)
先创建一个NSObject类,
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>@interface ZJHttPRequset : NSObject//data用来保存下载的数据@property (nonatomic,copy) NSMutableData *data;//传人一个网站,下载完成之后,执行target中action的方法-(void)requestWithUrl:(NSString *)url target:(id)target action:(SEL)action;@end
#import "ZJHttpRequset.h"#import "AppModel.h"//消除performSelector的警告#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Warc-performSelector-leaks"//类扩展,有些实例变量内部使用,不想放在头文件,就可以放在类扩展里面。@interface ZJHttpRequset ()<NSURLConnectionDataDelegate>{ NSURLConnection *_connection; //用来保存存进来的url target action NSString *_url; id _target; SEL _action;}@end@implementation ZJHttpRequset-(void)requestWithUrl:(NSString *)url target:(id)target action:(SEL)action{ //保存存进来的变量 _url=url; _target=target; _action=action; //记住要初始化data!!! _data=[[NSMutableData alloc]init]; //发起异步URL请求 _connection=[[NSURLConnection alloc]initWithRequest:[NSURLRequest requestWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:url]] delegate:self startImmediately:YES];}//NSURLConnection代理方法//接收数据-(void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didReceiveData:(NSData *)data{ [_data appendData:data];}//下载完成了,执行方法-(void)connectionDidFinishLoading:(NSURLConnection *)connection{ if (_target&&[_target respondsToSelector:_action]) { [_target performSelector:_action withObject:self]; } //这里面的Object就是这个类本身,目的是把接收到的data传递}
再传入网络接口,利用这个封装好的NSURLConnection类接收
@implementation ViewController- (void)viewDidLoad{ [super viewDidLoad]; //数据接口 NSString *urlString=@"http://iappfree.candou.com:8080/free/applications/limited?currency=rmb&page=1&category_id="; //初始化数组(tabelView的数据总数组) _dataArray =[NSMutableArray array]; //初始化自封装好的NSURLConnection类 _request=[[ZJHttpRequset alloc]init]; [_request requestWithUrl:urlString target:self action:@selector(dealDownloadFinish:)]; //创建表视图 [self createTableView];}//接收完成之后会触发的方法(在自封装的URL类中 使用PerformSelector)-(void)dealDownloadFinish:(ZJHttpRequset *)request{ //JSON解析,(获得的是数组还是字典,需要在JASON软件中查看) NSDictionary *dict=[NSJSONSerialization JSONObjectWithData:request.data options:NSJSONReadingMutableContainers error:nil]; NSArray *appList=dict[@"applications"]; //利用数据模型保存网络接口下的数据,然后把模型添加到tableView总数组 for (NSDictionary *appDict in appList) { AppModel *model=[[AppModel alloc]initWithDict:appDict]; [_dataArray addObject:model]; } //下载完数据,更新了总数组,一定要刷新tableview!!! [_tableView reloadData];}
7、作业
scrollView滑动
//第一步:初始化,从网络接口下载数据-(void)createScrollView{ _allData1=[NSMutableArray array]; //陈奕迅网络接口 NSString *urlString=@"http://mapi.damai.cn/hot201303/nindex.aspx?cityid=0&source=10099&version=30602"; _request1 =[[LCHttpRequest alloc]init]; [_request1 requestUrl:urlString withTarget:self andAction:@selector(scrollViewDownload:)]; }//第二步:下载完成后触发的方法,把下载好的data 存入总数组-(void)scrollViewDownload:(LCHttpRequest *)request{ NSArray *arr=[NSJSONSerialization JSONObjectWithData:request.data options:NSJSONReadingMutableContainers error:nil]; for (NSDictionary *dict in arr) { NSString *str=dict[@"Pic"]; [_allData1 addObject:str]; } [self loadImage];}//第三步:根据下载的总数组,改变ScrollView的contenSize 同时设置其imageView-(void)loadImage{ _scrollView.contentSize=CGSizeMake(320*_allData1.count, 0); for (int i=0; i<_allData1.count; i++) { UIImageView *imageView=[[UIImageView alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake(320*i, 0, 320, 165)]; NSString *str= _allData1[i]; [imageView setImageWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:str]]; [_scrollView addSubview:imageView]; } //设置pageControl _pageControl.numberOfPages=_allData1.count; _pageControl.enabled=NO; [self.view bringSubviewToFront:_pageControl]; _pageControl.pageIndicatorTintColor=[UIColor redColor]; //启动定时器,让scroView滑动 [NSTimer scheduledTimerWithTimeInterval:3.0 target:self selector:@selector(scrollViewMove) userInfo:nil repeats:YES];}//定时器触发的方法-(void)scrollViewMove{ CGPoint pp=_scrollView.contentOffset; if (pp.x==320*(_allData1.count-1)) { pp.x=0; _scrollView.contentOffset=pp; } else{ pp.x+=320; [UIView animateWithDuration:2.0 animations:^{ _scrollView.contentOffset=pp; }]; }}//<UIScrllViewDelegate> 代理方法让pageControl跟着移动-(void)scrollViewDidScroll:(UIScrollView *)scrollView{ int page =scrollView.contentOffset.x/320; _pageControl.currentPage=page;}
新闻热点
疑难解答