C#中Json字符串的各种应用类

2019-11-14 13:54:24

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在程序中任何事物及信息都可以用对象进行描述和承载,除了比较流行的xml之外，还有一种简洁快速处理目标信息的形式那就是Json格式。

首先Json格式有自己固定的格式：例如person这个对象就可以简单的表示成{"name":"xxxx","age":12,"sex":"男"}形式。

Json格式的描述如下：先用{}包含需要表达的对象信息，在{}里使用PRopertyName：Value进行对象属性的描述，同时Json字符串可以实现多层嵌套。例如：Json数据：[{PropertyName：Value,PropertyName：Value},{PropertyName：Value,PropertyName：Value}],Json嵌套格式：{PropertyName：Value,PropertyName：{PropertyName：Value,PropertyName：Value}}，理论上可以无限嵌套，但是这里建议嵌套最好不要超过3层。

对Json格式有了了解之后，那我们如何在C#中使用Json以及将已经实现的对象与Json联系起来。先个给出几个命名空间

using Newtonsoft.Json;
using System.Runtime.Serialization;
using System.ServiceModel;
using Newtonsoft.Json.Linq;
using System.IO;
using System.Runtime.Serialization.Json;

这里需要注意的是这些命名空间在 .net3.5及以上本版支持，同时必须在引用中添加 System.Runtime.Serialization.dll的引用。

这里主要使用到的类如下：

JsonSerializer ，StringWriter，StringReader ，JsonWriter，JsonConvert， DataContractJsonSerializer。

1.实现自定义类与Json进行相互转化处理：

    public class Person    {        public   Person()        {        }        public Person(string Name, string Sex, int Age, string Address, PersonCharacter Character)        {            this.Name = Name;            this.Sex = Sex;            this.Age = Age;            this.Address = Address;            this.Character = Character;        }             public string Name { get; set; }         public string Sex { get; set; }        public int  Age { get; set; }        public string Address { get; set; }       public PersonCharacter Character { get; set; }    }    public class PersonCharacter    {        public string Daode { get; set; }        public string Wenhua { get; set; }        public string Xiuyang { get; set; }    } public void ShowConvert()        {            Person person = new Person("lanar", "男", 24, "陕西", new PersonCharacter());           JsonSerializer serializer = new JsonSerializer();StringWriter sw = new StringWriter();serializer.Serialize(new JsonTextWriter(sw), person );Console.WriteLine(sw.GetStringBuilder().ToString());StringReader sr = new StringReader(@"{""Name"":""ppp"", ""Age"":"12"}");Person p1 = (Project)serializer.Deserialize(new JsonTextReader(sr), typeof(Person));Console.WriteLine(p1.Name+ "=>" + p1.Age);        }

2. 契约方式：使用System.Runtime.Serialization.dll提供的DataContractJsonSerializer或者 JsonReaderWriterFactory实现

 1  [DataContract] 2     public class Person 3     { 4         public   Person() 5         { 6         } 7         public Person(string Name, string Sex, int Age, string Address, PersonCharacter Character) 8         { 9             this.Name = Name;10             this.Sex = Sex;11             this.Age = Age;12             this.Address = Address;13             this.Character = Character;14         }15         [DataMember]16         public string Name { get; set; }17 18         [DataMember]19         public string Sex { get; set; }20 21         [DataMember]22         public int  Age { get; set; }23 24            [DataMember]25         public string Address { get; set; }26 27         [DataMember]28         public PersonCharacter Character { get; set; }29 30     }31 32     public class PersonCharacter33     {34 35 36         public string Daode { get; set; }37 38 39         public string Wenhua { get; set; }40 41 42         public string Xiuyang { get; set; }43     }44 45 46         public void ShowConvert()47         {48             Person person = new Person("许展鹏", "男", 24, "陕西", new PersonCharacter());49 50             Person p = new Person() { Name = "四大圣地", Age = 22, Sex = "男", Character = new PersonCharacter() {  Daode="sds", Wenhua="dasd", Xiuyang="zzz"} };51             DataContractJsonSerializer serializer = new DataContractJsonSerializer(p.GetType());52             string jsonText;53 54             try55             {56                 using (MemoryStream stream = new MemoryStream())57                 {58                     serializer.WriteObject(stream, p);59                     jsonText = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(stream.ToArray());60                     Console.WriteLine(jsonText);61                 }62 63                 using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(jsonText)))64                 {65                     DataContractJsonSerializer serializer1 = new DataContractJsonSerializer(typeof(Person));66                     Person p1 = (Person)serializer1.ReadObject(ms);67 68                 }69             }70             catch (Exception ex )71             {72                 73                 throw new Exception(ex.Message,ex);74             }75         }