Apache POI是Apache软件基金会的开放源码函式库,POI提供API给java程序对Microsoft Office格式档案读和写的功能。
HSSF 是Horrible SPReadSheet Format的缩写,通过HSSF,你可以用纯Java代码来读取、写入、修改Excel文件。HSSF 为读取操作提供了两类API:usermodel和eventusermodel,即“用户模型”和“事件-用户模型”。
HSSFWorkbook excel文档对象
HSSFSheet excel的sheet HSSFRow excel的行
HSSFCell excel的单元格 HSSFFont excel字体
HSSFName 名称 HSSFDataFormat 日期格式
HSSFHeader sheet头
HSSFFooter sheet尾
HSSFCellStyle cell样式
HSSFDateUtil 日期
HSSFPrintSetup 打印
HSSFErrorConstants 错误信息表
8、单元格值类型读写
[c-sharp] view plaincopyprint?cell.setCellType(HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING); //设置单元格为STRING类型 cell.getNumericCellValue();//读取为数值类型的单元格内容
9、设置列宽、行高
[c-sharp] view plaincopyprint?sheet.setColumnWidth((short)column,(short)width); row.setHeight((short)height);
10、添加区域,合并单元格
[c-sharp] view plaincopyprint?Region region = new Region((short)rowFrom,(short)columnFrom,(short)rowTo ,(short)columnTo);//合并从第rowFrom行columnFrom列 sheet.addMergedRegion(region);// 到rowTo行columnTo的区域 //得到所有区域 sheet.getNumMergedRegions()
11、保存Excel文件
[c-sharp] view plaincopyprint?FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream(path); wb.write(fileOut);
12、根据单元格不同属性返回字符串数值
[c-sharp] view plaincopyprint?public String getCellStringValue(HSSFCell cell) { String cellValue = ""; switch (cell.getCellType()) { case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING://字符串类型 cellValue = cell.getStringCellValue(); if(cellValue.trim().equals("")||cellValue.trim().length()<=0) cellValue=" "; break; case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC: //数值类型 cellValue = String.valueOf(cell.getNumericCellValue()); break; case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_FORMULA: //公式 cell.setCellType(HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC); cellValue = String.valueOf(cell.getNumericCellValue()); break; case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_BLANK: cellValue=" "; break; case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_BOOLEAN: break; case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_ERROR: break; default: break; } return cellValue; }
13、常用单元格边框格式
[c-sharp] view plaincopyprint?HSSFCellStyle style = wb.createCellStyle(); style.setBorderBottom(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_DOTTED);//下边框 style.setBorderLeft(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_DOTTED);//左边框 style.setBorderRight(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);//右边框 style.setBorderTop(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);//上边框
14、设置字体和内容位置
[c-sharp] view plaincopyprint?HSSFFont f = wb.createFont(); f.setFontHeightInPoints((short) 11);//字号 f.setBoldweight(HSSFFont.BOLDWEIGHT_NORMAL);//加粗 style.setFont(f); style.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);//左右居中 style.setVerticalAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.VERTICAL_CENTER);//上下居中 style.setRotation(short rotation);//单元格内容的旋转的角度 HSSFDataFormat df = wb.createDataFormat(); style1.setDataFormat(df.getFormat("0.00%"));//设置单元格数据格式 cell.setCellFormula(string);//给单元格设公式 style.setRotation(short rotation);//单元格内容的旋转的角度
15、插入图片
[c-sharp] view plaincopyprint?//先把读进来的图片放到一个ByteArrayOutputStream中,以便产生ByteArray ByteArrayOutputStream byteArrayOut = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); BufferedImage bufferImg = ImageIO.read(new File("ok.jpg")); ImageIO.write(bufferImg,"jpg",byteArrayOut); //读进一个excel模版 FileInputStream fos = new FileInputStream(filePathName+"/stencil.xlt"); fs = new POIFSFileSystem(fos); //创建一个工作薄 HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook(fs); HSSFSheet sheet = wb.getSheetAt(0); HSSFPatriarch patriarch = sheet.createDrawingPatriarch(); HSSFClientAnchor anchor = new HSSFClientAnchor(0,0,1023,255,(short) 0,0,(short)10,10); patriarch.createPicture(anchor , wb.addPicture(byteArrayOut.toByteArray(),HSSFWorkbook.PICTURE_TYPE_JPEG));
16、调整工作表位置
[c-sharp] view plaincopyprint?HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook(); HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet("format sheet"); HSSFPrintSetup ps = sheet.getPrintSetup(); sheet.setAutobreaks(true); ps.setFitHeight((short)1); ps.setFitWidth((short)1);
17、设置打印区域
[c-sharp] view plaincopyprint?HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet("Sheet1"); wb.setPrintArea(0, "$A$1:$C$2");
18、标注脚注
[c-sharp] view plaincopyprint?HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet("format sheet"); HSSFFooter footer = sheet.getFooter() footer.setRight( "Page " + HSSFFooter.page() + " of " + HSSFFooter.numPages() );
19、在工作单中清空行数据,调整行位置
[c-sharp] view plaincopyprint?HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook(); HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet("row sheet"); // Create various cells and rows for spreadsheet. // Shift rows 6 - 11 on the spreadsheet to the top (rows 0 - 5) sheet.shiftRows(5, 10, -5);
20、选中指定的工作表
[c-sharp] view plaincopyprint?HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet("row sheet"); heet.setSelected(true);
21、工作表的放大缩小
[c-sharp] view plaincopyprint?HSSFSheet sheet1 = wb.createSheet("new sheet"); sheet1.setZoom(1,2); // 50 percent magnification
22、头注和脚注
[c-sharp] view plaincopyprint?HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet("new sheet"); HSSFHeader header = sheet.getHeader(); header.setCenter("Center Header"); header.setLeft("Left Header"); header.setRight(HSSFHeader.font("Stencil-Normal", "Italic") + HSSFHeader.fontSize((short) 16) + "Right w/ Stencil-Normal Italic font and size 16");
23、自定义颜色
[c-sharp] view plaincopyprint?HSSFCellStyle style = wb.createCellStyle(); style.setFillForegroundColor(HSSFColor.LIME.index); style.setFillPattern(HSSFCellStyle.SOLID_FOREGROUND); HSSFFont font = wb.createFont(); font.setColor(HSSFColor.RED.index); style.setFont(font); cell.setCellStyle(style);24、填充和颜色设置
[c-sharp] view plaincopyprint?HSSFCellStyle style = wb.createCellStyle(); style.setFillBackgroundColor(HSSFColor.AQUA.index); style.setFillPattern(HSSFCellStyle.BIG_SPOTS); HSSFCell cell = row.createCell((short) 1); cell.setCellValue("X"); style = wb.createCellStyle(); style.setFillForegroundColor(HSSFColor.ORANGE.index); style.setFillPattern(HSSFCellStyle.SOLID_FOREGROUND); cell.setCellStyle(style);25、强行刷新单元格公式
[c-sharp] view plaincopyprint?HSSFFormulaEvaluator eval=new HSSFFormulaEvaluator((HSSFWorkbook) wb); private static void updateFormula(Workbook wb,Sheet s,int row){ Row r=s.getRow(row); Cell c=null; FormulaEcaluator eval=null; if(wb instanceof HSSFWorkbook) eval=new HSSFFormulaEvaluator((HSSFWorkbook) wb); else if(wb instanceof XSSFWorkbook) eval=new XSSFFormulaEvaluator((XSSFWorkbook) wb); for(int i=r.getFirstCellNum();i<r.getLastCellNum();i++){ c=r.getCell(i); if(c.getCellType()==Cell.CELL_TYPE_FORMULA) eval.evaluateFormulaCell(c); } }说明:FormulaEvaluator提供了evaluateFormulaCell(Cell cell)方法,计算公式保存结果,但不改变公式。而evaluateInCell(Cell cell) 方法是计算公式,并将原公式替换为计算结果,也就是说该单元格的类型不在是Cell.CELL_TYPE_FORMULA而是Cell.CELL_TYPE_NUMBERIC。HSSFFormulaEvaluator提供了静态方法evaluateAllFormu
laCells(HSSFWorkbook wb) ,计算一个Excel文件的所有公式,用起来很方便。
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------poi方法总结
-.设置不显示excel网格线 sheet.setDisplayGridlines(false);其中sheet是Sheet对象 2.设置excel单元格中的内容换行 cellStyle.setWrapText(true);其中cellStyle是WorkBook创建的CellStyle对象,然后将cellStyle设置到要换行的Cell对象,最后在要换行的对象(一般为字符串)加入"/r/n"。如 topTile.append("/r/n" +"cellContent"); 3.单元格的合并 sheet.addMergedRegion(new CellRangeAddress(0, 4, 0, 2));本示例为合并4行2列 4.设置页眉和页脚的页数 HSSFHeader header = sheet.getHeader(); header.setCenter("Center Header"); header.setLeft("Left Header"); header.setRight(HSSFHeader.font("Stencil-Normal", "Italic") + HSSFHeader.fontSize((short) 16) + "Right w/ Stencil-Normal Italic font and size 16"); HSSFFooter footer = (HSSFFooter )sheet.getFooter() footer.setRight( "Page " + HSSFFooter.page() + " of " + HSSFFooter.numPages() ); 5.使得一个Sheet适合一页 sheet.setAutobreaks(true); 6.设置放大属性(Zoom被明确为一个分数,例如下面的75%使用3作为分子,4作为分母) sheet.setZoom(3,4); 7.设置打印 HSSFPrintSetup print = (HSSFPrintSetup) sheet.getPrintSetup(); print.setLandscape(true);//设置横向打印 print.setScale((short) 70);//设置打印缩放70% print.setPaperSize(HSSFPrintSetup.A4_PAPERSIZE);//设置为A4纸张 print.setLeftToRight(true);//設置打印顺序先行后列,默认为先列行 print.setFitHeight((short) 10);设置缩放调整为10页高 print.setFitWidth((short) 10);设置缩放调整为宽高 sheet.setAutobreaks(false); if (i != 0 && i % 30 == 0) sheet.setRowBreak(i);//設置每30行分頁打印 8.反复的行和列(设置打印标题) HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook(); wb.setRepeatingRowsAndColumns(0, 0, 12, 1, 6);//设置1到12列,行1到6每一页重复打印 9.调整单元格宽度 sheet.setAutobreaks(true); sheet.setColumnWidth((short)i,colsWidth[i]); //设定单元格长度 sheet.autoSizeColumn((short) i);//自动根据长度调整单元格长度
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